Vertebrea

Question 1

The vertebrae and intervertebral (IV) discs

collectively make up the

Answer 1

vertebral column the skeleton of the neck

and back

Question 2

vertebral column often

called

Answer 2

spine or backbone

Question 3

the main part of the axial skeleton

Answer 3

skeleton of the neck
and back

vertebral column

Question 4

vertebral column extends from————to the ———

Answer 4

cranium
(skull)

apex of the coccyx.

Question 5

In adults, it is—-cm long,

Answer 5

72–75 cm long

one quarter is formed by the IV discs that separate and
bind the vertebrae together.

Question 6

Functions of the vertebral column:

Answer 6

Slide

Question 7

The vertebral column in an adult typically consists of 33 vertebrae
arranged in five regions

Answer 7

: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and

4 coccygeal.

Question 8

Significant motion occurs only between

Answer 8

25 superior vertebrae.

Question 9

are fused in adults to

form the sacrum

Answer 9

5 sacral vertebrae

Question 10

after approximately age 30, the

Answer 10

4 coccygeal

vertebrae fuse to form the coccyx.

Question 11

occurs at the junction of the long axes of the

lumbar region of the vertebral column and sacrum.

Answer 11

lumbosacral angle

Question 12

vertebrae gradually become—— as the column descends to the
sacrum and then become progressively—— toward the apex of the
coccyx.

Answer 12

larger

smaller

Question 13

The change in size is related to the fact that

Answer 13

successive vertebrae bear

increasing amounts of the body’s weight as the column descends.

Question 14

The vertebrae reach maximum size immediately

Answer 14

superior to the sacrum,

which transfers the weight to the pelvic girdle at the sacro-iliac joints.

Question 15

The joints of the vertebral column include the following:

Answer 15

• Joints of the vertebral bodies.
• Joints of the vertebral arches.
• Craniovertebral (atlanto-axial and atlanto-occipital) joints.
• Costovertebral joints.
• Sacro-iliac joints.

Question 16

JOINTS OF VERTEBRAL BODIES ?

designed for?

Answer 16

symphyses (secondary cartilaginous joints)

weight bearing and strength.

Question 17

The articulating surfaces of adjacent vertebrae are connected by

Answer 17

IV discs and ligaments

Question 18

Each IV disc consists of an anulus fibrosus

Answer 18

outer fibrous part,
composed of concentric lamellae of fibrocartilage, and a gelatinous
central mass, the nucleus pulposus.

Question 19

The anulus is - —- posteriorly and————- ,in the

adult in the cervical region.

Answer 19

thinner

may be incomplete posteriorly

Question 20

anulus receives sensory innervation.

Answer 20

only the

outer third of the anulus

Question 21

The anulus becomes decreasingly——— centrally

Answer 21

vascularized

Question 22

Herniation of the nucleus pulpous happens mostly in the

Answer 22

posterior or posteriolateral bcz the cartilage is thinner posteriorly