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Vertigo Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Illusion of motion, either of self or the
environment

A

Vertigo

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2
Q

patient thinks that he/she is
moving, but is not actually moving

A

Illusion of motion

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3
Q

Why does vertigo occur?

A

Wrong data from receptors such as:
eyes
vestibular system
proprioceptive system

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4
Q

S/Sx of vertigo

A

Nausea and vomiting
Postural instability
Body malaise
Incapacity and anxiety
Gait disturbance

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5
Q

fastest receptor of motion

A

Vestibular receptors/SCC

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6
Q

To where does SCC gives information to?

A

CN VIII

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7
Q

What are the proprioceptors that give information to the vestibular nuclei?

A

Neck muscles/Muscle spindles

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8
Q

give information as to the position of the head

A

Eyes

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9
Q

What is the main function of the vestibular nuclei?

A

identify position
of head

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10
Q

Vestibular pathway

A

Vestibular nuclei→Cerebellum (FLARE)→Vestibulospinal pathway→Vestib tract→neck muscles

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11
Q

Function of the CNS

A

Interpretation
Learning
Adaptation
Compensation

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12
Q

VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION MAY PRESENT CLINICALLY
AS:

A

Acute loss or fluctuating function

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13
Q

Vestibular function is essential in what activities?

A

Motor learning
Maintaining complex postures
Standing or slow walking
Image stabilization

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14
Q

Vestibular nuclei, medulla, and cerebellum is affected in this type of vertigo

A

Central

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15
Q

Ears, eyes, and proprioceptors in the neck are affected in this type of vertigo

A

Peripheral

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16
Q

Transient vestibular dysfunction symptoms

A

Vertigo, nausea, imbalance

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17
Q

Sustained vestibular dysfunction symptoms

A

Slight nausea
NFW
loss of balance @ low speeds
loss of gaze stabilization

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18
Q

Neurologic causes of vertigo

A

Stroke
Brain ischemia
Tumors
Demyelinating dse
Traumatic head injury

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19
Q

Area involved in meniere’s dse

A

Semi-circular canals

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20
Q

Area involved in positional vertigo

A

cupula

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21
Q

Area involved in vestibular neuronitis

A

Distal CN VIII

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22
Q

Area involved in aminoglycoside toxicity

A

Labyrinths

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23
Q

A type of vertigo aggravated by head movement

A

Peripheral/Otologic

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24
Q

Head movement does not affect this type of vertigo

A

Neurologic

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25
Frequency for peripheral/otologic vertigo
episodic
26
Frequency for neurologic vertigo
Periodic and is increasing in frequency
27
Present in any motion
Peripheral vertigo
28
Only present in walking and is relieved by sitting or lying down
Neurologic
29
Abnormal movements present in neurologic vertigo
Dysmetria Dysdiadochokinesia
30
Result of Romberg's in neurologic vertigo
positive w eyes close/open + titubation
31
Result of Romberg in otologic vertigo
Romberg's is corrected w eye opening
32
Direction of nystagmus in neurologic vertigo
Bi-directional
33
Direction of nystagmus in otologic vertigo
Unidirectional
34
shows EOM abnormalities
neurologic
35
Examination for vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)
Hamalgyi maneuver (kiss & kill xD)
36
Head shake test procedure
Shake in 3 directions with eyes close for 30 seconds.
37
Positive sign for Halamgyi maneuver
Eyes correct/adjust
38
Indication for positive Hamalgyi
Peripheral vertigo
39
What is more prominent in neurologic vertigo
Bilateral nystagmus
40
Nystagmus direction in peripheral vertigo
Unidirectional, horizontal
41
Triggering vertigo during the dix hallpike maneuver indicates
geotropic nystagmus (toward the side of the ground)
42
Triggering vertigo when sitting after the dix hallpike maneuver indicates
rotatory nystagmus towards the opposite side
43
+ sign for peripheral vertigo in visual fixation
eyes are able to fixate
44
+ sign for central vertigo in visual fixation
eyes are still moving
45
+ sign and indication of eye cover test
eyes will correct, central vertigo
46
+ sign for peripheral vertigo in fuduka stepping test
rotate 45 degrees towards impaired side
47
+ sign for central vertigo in fuduka stepping test
ataxia base enlargement instability
48
+ sign for fast tandem walk and indication
slow walking is difficult and improves with fast walking; peripheral vertigo
49
Most common type of vertigo
Psychogenic vertigo
50
Examples of this type of vertigo are motion sickness and height vertigo. It is also self-limiting
Physiologic vertigo
51
anxiety and fears come out as a feeling of vertigo
Phobic postural vertigo
52
do not treat the vertigo, treat the anxiety
Persistent postural perceptual vertigo
53
is nystagmus present in psychogenic vertigo
no
54
Short attacks of vertigo (seconds to minutes) on change of position. Often misdiagnosed
Benign Positional Vertigo
55
Occurs after hitting head and Labyrinth is affected by trauma to skull
Post-traumatic vertigo
56
A type of peripheral vertigo that is the easiest to diagnose
Meniere's dse
57
Clinical presentations of Meniere's dse
Vertigo c tinnitus and deafness
58
Triggers of meniere's
Cats Caffeine Alcohol Tobacco Stress
59
Treatment approaches to peripheral vertigo
Pharmacologic Vestibular rehab
60
Aim of treatment for peripheral vertigo
restore balance of bilat. vestibular systems reduce the sensitivity of the vestibular system
61
A pharmacologic treatment that normalizes the firing of the neurons from the vestibular nuclei
Betahistine
62
Parameters for betahistine
48 mg (one dose) 24 mg (BID)
63
A pharmacologic treatment for prolonged vertigo
Flunarizine
64
Flunarizine parameters
10 mg @ HS
65
Vestibular rehabilitation for Vertigo
Epley's maneuver Semont's liberation maneuver Brandt and Daroff

Neuro PT (12 decks)

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