Veterinary Pathology Flashcards
What is the goal of pathology?
To use information on cells and tissues’ aggression-responses in order to understand the process of a disease and reach a diagnosis.
What is the difference between “sign” and “symptom”?
Sign: a manifestation of a disease that the doctor perceives
Symptom: a manifestation of a disease that is apparent to the patient themself (humans only!)
What term is defined as, “The medical ability of recognizing lesions in a live or dead animal, understanding the etiology and pathogenesis, establishing recommendation for treatment/control and prevention of disease”?
Diagnosis
What is a lesion?
Abnormal tissue change
What is the difference between determinant and predisposing factors of disease etiology?
Determinant: a factor that leads directly to disease
Predisposed: a factor about an individual that makes them vulnerable to a disease
How do intrinsic determinant factors differ from intrinsic predisposing factors?
The former are genetic abnormalities (autosomal, sex-linked, dominant, recessive), while the latter are factors like species, breed, age, sex and color.
Parvovirus affecting young dogs, and benign prostatic hyperplasia affecting older dogs are examples of what disease etiologic factor?
Intrinsic predisposing (age)
If females dogs/cats are not spayed (ovariohysterectomy), they have increased risks to developing a pyometra. What disease etiologic factor is this an example of?
Intrinsic predisposing (sex)
Carbohydrate overload can cause laminitis in equines, with fever, colitis and sepsis being other signs. What disease etiologic factor is this an example of?
Extrinsic predisposing (excess nutrition)
Where does fat accumulate first, and where is it removed from first?
Accumulates first in the bone marrow, and is removed first from the subcutaneous tissue
Rickets (Ca:P imbalance), Hyperkerathosis (Zn deficiency), and Goiter (I deficiency) are all examples of what disease etiologic factor?
Extrinsic predisposing (nutrient deficiency)
Abrasions, lacerations, punctures, incisions, perforations and ruptures are all examples of what disease etiologic factor?
Extrinsic determinant (Physical - mechanic)
What is an abrasion?
Skin damage with loss of epidermis and a portion of dermis
What is the difference between a laceration and an incision?
Laceration: deep cut or tear in skin or flesh
Incision: a wound/cut in the skin made by a sharp tool (i.e., scalpel)
What is the difference between a puncture and a perforation?
Puncture: a penetrating wound caused by a sharp object (e.g., stick puncturing the cornea)
Perforation: a hole that develops through the wall of a body organ
