VHS grammar

Question 1

I / ich (2)

Answer 1

1) मैं maĩ (sing.)
2) हम ham (polite, pl.)

Question 2

you / du (2)

Answer 2

1) तुम tum (pl.) *(freundschaftlich > Freunde, Kinder, Diener)

2) तू tū (sing.) (vertraulich > Liebespartner, Kleinkinder, Gott; stark hierarchisch > Bettler)

Question 3

you / Sie, Du
(politely)

Answer 3

आप āp (pl.)
(Standardanrede > Fremde, Ältere, respektvoll: Familie, Freunde)

Question 4

1) he, she / er, sie, es (close by / nah)
2) this / diese,r,s

Answer 4

यह yah (sing., absolutus)
इस is (sing., obliquus)
(2)

Question 5

1) he, she / er, sie, es (far away / fern, häufiger verwendet)
2) that / jene,r,s

Answer 5

वह vah (sing., absolutus)
उस us (sing., obliquus)
(2)

Question 6

we / wir

Answer 6

हम ham (pl.)

Question 7

you / ihr (pl.)

Answer 7

तुम ( लोग ) tum (log) (pl.)
(freundschaftlich)

Question 8

you / Sie, Ihr (pl.)
(politely)

Answer 8

आप ( लोग ) āp (log) (pl.) (Standardanrede, respektvoll)

Question 9

1) they / sie (close by / nah)
2) these / diese

Answer 9

ये ye (pl., absolutus)
इन in (pl., obliquus)
(2)

Question 10

1) they / sie (far away / fern) (häufiger verwendet)
2) those / jene

Answer 10

वे ve (pl., absolutus)
उन un (pl., obliquus)
(2)

Question 11

I am … / ich bin …

Answer 11

मैं … हूँ maĩ … hũ

Question 12

you are … / du bist … (2)

Answer 12

1) तुम … हो tum … ho
2) तू … है tū … hai

Question 13

1) you are … / Sie sind … (politely)
2) you are … / Sie sind … (politely, less strict)

Answer 13

1) आप … हैं āp … haĩ
2) आप … हो āp … ho

Question 14

1) he, she is … / er, sie, es ist … (close by / nah)
2) this is … / diese,r,s ist …

Answer 14

यह … है yah … hai (2)

Question 15

1) he, she is … / er, sie, es ist … (far away / fern)
2) that is … / jene,r,s ist …

Answer 15

वह … है vah … hai (2)

Question 16

we are … / wir sind …

Answer 16

हम … हैं ham … haĩ

Question 17

1) they are … / sie sind … (close by / nah)
2) these are … / diese sind …

Answer 17

ये … हैं ye … haĩ (2)

Question 18

1) they are … / sie sind … (far away / fern)
2) those are … / jene sind …

Answer 18

वे … हैं ve … haĩ (2)

Question 19

my / mein,e

Answer 19

मेरा merā

Question 20

your / dein,e (2)

Answer 20

1) तुम्हारा tumhārā (freundschaftlich)
2) तेरा terā (vertraulich, stark hierarisch)

Question 21

your / Ihr (politely)

Answer 21

आपका āpkā (Standardanrede, respektvoll)

Question 22

his, her / sein,e , ihr,e (sing.) (2)

Answer 22

1) इस्का iskā (close by / nah)
2) उसका uskā (far away / fern)

Question 23

our / unser,e

Answer 23

हमारा hamārā

Question 24

their / ihr,e (pl.) (2)

Answer 24

1) इंका inkā (close by / nah)
2) उनका unkā (far away / fern)

Question 25

*declination of possessive pronomes: m, f, pl. m, pl. f*

Answer 25

*-ā, -ī, -e, -ī*

Question 26

*1)* how / wie *(auf welche Weise)* *2)* what / was für ein *(Frage nach qualitativen Beschaffenheiten > Beschreibung von etwas)*

Answer 26

कैसा kaisā *(2)*

Question 27

*1)* what / was für ein *(Frage nach grundsätzlicher Beschaffenheit > z.B. ob etwas gut, schlecht ist) * *2)* *Frageanzeige am Satzanfang*

Answer 27

क्या kyā *(2)*

Question 28

of / des, der

Answer 28

की kī

Question 29

second, other / zweite, andere,r,s

Answer 29

दूसरा dūsrā

Question 30

third / dritte,r,s

Answer 30

तीसरा tīsrā

Question 31

first / erste,r,s

Answer 31

पहला pahalā

Question 32

Mister, Mr., Sir / Herr, Hr. *(3)*

Answer 32

*1)* श्री śrī (+ family name) *2)* मिस्टअ Mister (+ family name) *3)* (family name +) साहब sāhab *(Urdu)* *(m)*

Question 33

Madam, Mrs. / Frau, Fr. *(3)*

Answer 33

*1)* श्रीमती śrīmatī (+ family name) *2)* महोदया Madam (+ family name) *3)* family name +) साहिबा sāhibā *(Urdu)* *(f)*

Question 34

*politely, friendly particle* / *höflicher, freundlicher Partikel*

Answer 34

*1)* जी jī > जी हाँ/नहीं jī hã/nahĩ > family name + जी jī > जी? jī? *Please?* *2)* भाई bhāī > name + भाई bhāī

Question 35

eleven / elf

Answer 35

ग्यारह gyārah *(m)*

Question 36

twelve / zwölf

Answer 36

बारह bārah *(m)*

Question 37

thirteen / dreizehn

Answer 37

तेरह terah *(m)*

Question 38

fourteen / vierzehn

Answer 38

चौदह chaudah *(m)*

Question 39

fifteen / fünfzehn

Answer 39

पंद्रह pandrah *(m)*

Question 40

sixteen / sechzehn

Answer 40

सोलह solah *(m)*

Question 41

seventeen / siebzehn

Answer 41

सत्रह satrah *(m)*

Question 42

twenty / zwanzig

Answer 42

बीस bīs *(m)*

Question 43

eighteen / achtzehn

Answer 43

अठारह aṭhārah *(m)*

Question 44

nineteen / neunzehn

Answer 44

उन्नीस unnīs *(m)*

Question 45

to go to Delhi / nach Delhi fahren to go to the market / auf den Markt gehen

Answer 45

दिल्ली जाना dillī jānā बाज़ार जाना bāzār jānā

Question 46

*1)* from / aus, von *(örtl.)* *2)* since / seit *(zeitl.)* *3)* *emotional and communicative verbs* *4)* with (help of) / mit (Hilfe von, durch)

Answer 46

से se *(postp)* *(4)*

Question 47

*1)* with (... help of) / mit (Hilfe von) *2)* (together) with / (zusammen, gemeinsam)

Answer 47

*1)* ... से ... se *(postp)* *2)* ... के साथ ... ke sāth *(postp)*

Question 48

I (don't) want to do sth / ich will (nicht) etwas tun

Answer 48

मैं ... *(object + infinitive)* (नहीं) चाहती हूँ maĩ ... (nahĩ) cāhtī hũ

Question 49

I could (not) do sth, I am (not) able to do sth / ich kann (nicht) etwas tun

Answer 49

मैं ... *(object + verb stem)* (नहीं) चाहती हूँ maĩ ... (nahĩ) saktī hũ

Question 50

own / eigen,e,r,s

Answer 50

अपना / अपनी / अपने apnā / apnī / apne