Vietnam War

Question 1

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 1

Communist aggressor in vietnam
Formed Vietminh in north
Goal to win independence from France

Question 2

Vietminh

Answer 2

Vietnamese revolutionaries in North led by Ho Chi Minh

Question 3

What happened and what is dien bien phu?

Answer 3

It was a major French colonial village that was taken over by Vietminh in 1954

Question 4

Domino theory

Answer 4

If one nation falls under communist rule, surrounding nations will too

Question 5

What did Ngo dinh diem do

Answer 5

Refused to take part in country wide election of 1965. Ion charge of south.
Corrupt govt, suppressed opposition
Buddhist restrictions which results in protests

Question 6

Vietcong

Answer 6

Communist opposition group in the south

NLF

Question 7

Ho Chi Minh trail

Answer 7

Ho Chi Minh sent Vietcong supplies via network of paths

Borders Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

Question 8

Kennedy and Vietnam

Answer 8

Increased aid to diem

Financial and military aid

Question 9

Strategic hamlet program

Answer 9

Goal: pacification of southerners
Fortified villages
Alienated people

Question 10

How did diem die

Answer 10

Assassinated
U.S. Part of a coup to kill him (1963)
Against kennedys wishes

Question 11

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Incident?

Answer 11

USS Maddox fired at Vietnam torpedo and inflicted heavy damage
Crew claimed they saw north firing at them
U.S. Had been leading secret raids

Question 12

French colonialism in Vietnam?

Answer 12

French colonizes Vietnam

U.S. Provides money to help them fight off Ho Chi Minh and his followers

Question 13

Gulf of Tonkin resolution

Answer 13

Granted Johnson broad military powers in vietnam

Question 14

Robert McNamara

Answer 14

Secretary of defense under Johnson

At first dispatched soldiers to Vietnam but later showed doubts

Question 15

Dean risk

Answer 15

Secretary of State
Worked close with Johnson
Dispatched soldiers

Question 16

Hit and run ambush tactics

Answer 16

Network of elaborate tunnels
Able to withstand airs trikes and launch surprise attacks
Guerrilla forces

Question 17

Who was the Vietcong made out of

Answer 17

Civilians in south

Question 18

Napalm

Answer 18

Gasoline based bomb

Set fire to jungle

Question 19

Agent orange

Answer 19

Leaf killing toxic chemical

Wounded civilians left villages and surroundings in ruin

Question 20

Search and destroy missions

Answer 20

Uprooted suspected Vietcong members

Burned villages, killed livestock

Question 21

Credibility gap

Answer 21

Gap between what johnsons admin was saying and what was happening

Question 22

TET OFFENSIVE

Answer 22

Every city in south Vietnam attached on new year (tet, 1968)
Undermined us morale = nation divided

Question 23

Operation rolling thunder

Answer 23

LBJ ordered air strikes against selected targets in north

Question 24

Vietnam draft

Answer 24

Mostly poor m, uneducated, and black people drafted

Question 25

Tactics to avoid draft

Answer 25

Sympathetic doctors gave medical exemptions, changed residence to stand before more lenient board, young men enrolled in university could put off service (rich)

Question 26

The new left

Answer 26

Youth movement of the 1960s Demanded changes in society Ex dress codes curfews dorm regulations and mandatory reserves officer training corps (ROTC)

Question 27

Students for democratic society

Answer 27

Charged that large corporations and large govt institutes had taken over America Called for restoration of greater individual freedoms

Question 28

Free speech movement (FSM) 1960

Answer 28

Clash between students and administrators over free speech on campus Focused criticism on faceless and powerful businesses Prominence at univ. of Cali Mario savio leader

Question 29

Hawks

Answer 29

Strongly supported America should release much of its military force

Question 30

Doves

Answer 30

Strongly opposed war | Supported withdrawal

Question 31

1968 election

Answer 31

Robert Kennedy Eugene mc Carthy Richard Nixon Herbert Humphrey

Question 32

Robert Kennedy

Answer 32

Supported Israel, shot

Question 33

Eugene McCarty

Answer 33

Platform to end war | Weakened Johnson who withdrew

Question 34

Herbert Humphrey

Answer 34

Upset anti war activists Had johnsons support Ex VP

Question 35

Richard Nixon

Answer 35

Promise to restore law and order Promised to end war Helped my George Wallace (supported segregation won support of south)

Question 36

Democratic convention riot

Answer 36

Decision for Humphrey to run angered many people Goal to pressure democrats to end war SDS staged protest, hoped to provoke violence

Question 37

What were the results of the democratic convention riot

Answer 37

Police sprayed people with mace, beat them McCarthy used hotel as medical centers democrats= party of disorder Broadcast on TV

Question 38

Nixon and Henry Kissinger

Answer 38

Vietnamization (gradual pullout of U.S. troops)

Question 39

My Lai massacre

Answer 39

William calley jr | Ordered to shoot everyone and anyone while searching for Vietcong Rebels

Question 40

Invasion of Cambodia

Answer 40

Clear out North and Vietcong supply centers Many people not happy Appealed Tonkin gulf resolution (1970)

Question 41

Kent state protest

Answer 41

Student protests led to burning of ROTC building | National guard opened fire bc students threw rocks

Question 42

Pentagon papers

Answer 42

Showed govt was lying about its actions in Vietnam Showed drawn up plans to enter before LBJ said he would No plans to end war

Question 43

Withdraw of US troops

Answer 43

Peace is at hand - Kissinger Dropped insistence for north to withdraw troops Kissinger met with LE DUC TO

Question 44

What did the Aggreement on ending war and restoring peace say?

Answer 44

North troops remain in south but Nixon respond with full force to any violation of peace aggreement

Question 45

The fall of Saigon

Answer 45

North launched full scale invasion of south (1975) Thieu asked for help, sent economic aid South surrendered

Question 46

Civil war in Cambodia

Answer 46

``` Khmer Rouge (communist) attempted to transform Cambodia into peasant country Executed anyone with education of foreign ties ```

Question 47

Who was leader of Khmer Rouge?

Answer 47

Pol pot

Question 48

War powers act (1973)

Answer 48

Pres must inform congress within 48 hours of sending troops in hostile area without declaration of war