VIII: Abnormal Curvatures

Question 1

What generic names identified abnormal curves of the vertebral column?

Answer 1

lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis

Question 2

What is the definition of lordosis?

Answer 2

a forward bending condition

Question 3

What is the definition of kyphosis?

Answer 3

a humpback or hunchback condition

Question 4

What is the definition of scoliosis?

Answer 4

a warped or crooked condition

Question 5

What is the direction of the curve deviation in lordosis?

Answer 5

to the anterior

Question 6

What is the direction of the curve deviation in kyphosis?

Answer 6

to the posterior

Question 7

What is the direction of the curve deviation in scoliosis?

Answer 7

to the side (it is a lateral curve deviation)

Question 8

What clinical abnormal curvatures of the vertebral column were stressed in class?

Answer 8

military neck, humpback or hunchback, and swayback

Question 9

What is military neck?

Answer 9

a decreased anterior curve in the cervical region, a straight neck

Question 10

What is humpback or hunchback?

Answer 10

an increased posteior curve in the thoracic region

Question 11

What is swaybacK?

Answer 11

an increased anterior curve in the lumbar region

Question 12

What is the classic classification of military neck?

Answer 12

a kyphosis

Question 13

What is the classic classification of humpback or hunchback?

Answer 13

a kyphosis

Question 14

What is classic classification of swayback?

Answer 14

a lordosis

Question 15

What does the use of the term lordotic try to imply?

Answer 15

a normal cervical and normal lumbar anterior curve

Question 16

What does the use of the term kyphotic try to imply?

Answer 16

a normal thoracic or dorsal and normal pelvic or sacrococcygeal posterior curve

Question 17

What does the term hyperlordotic infer?

Answer 17

an increase in the anterior curve or the cervical or lumbar region

Question 18

What does the term hypolordotic infer?

Answer 18

a decrease in the anterior curve of the cervical or lumbar region

Question 19

What does the term hyperkyphotic infer?

Answer 19

an increase in the posterior curve of the thoracic/dorsal or pelvic/sacrococcygeal region

Question 20

What does the term hypokyphotic infer?

Answer 20

a decrease in the posterior curve of the thoracic/dorsal or pelvic/sacrococcygeal region

Question 21

What are the curve classifications for military neck?

Answer 21

a kyphosis or hypolordotic curve

Question 22

What are the curve classifications for humpback or hunchback?

Answer 22

a kyphosis or hyperkyphotic curve

Question 23

What are the curve classifications for swayback?

Answer 23

a lordosis or hyperlordotic curve

Question 24

What are the classifications of scoliosis according to the Scoliosis Research Society?

Answer 24

magnitude, location, direction, etiology, structural scoliosis and non-structural scoliosis

Question 25

What is often used to measure the magnitude of scoliosis?

Answer 25

the Cobb Method

Question 26

What does etiology of scoliosis mean?

Answer 26

the cause of the scoliosis

Question 27

What is structural scoliosis?

Answer 27

a more radical form of scoliosis, it may worsen, associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc, frequently has a fixed angle of trunk rotation

Question 28

What is nonstructural scoliosis?

Answer 28

a mild form of scoliosis, unlikely to worsen, not associated with structural deformities of the vertebra or intervertebral disc and lacks a fixed angle of trunk rotation

Question 29

What is the classification of scoliosis that is unique to the individual patient?

Answer 29

idiopathic scoliosis

Question 30

What does idiopathic scoliosis infer?

Answer 30

the scoliosis is unique to the individual, it has no known cause, unknown etiology

Question 31

What is the incidence of idiopathic scoliosis in the population?

Answer 31

1% to 4% of the population

Question 32

Based on the age of onset, what are the types of idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 32

infantile, juvenile, and adolescent

Question 33

What is the age range for infantile idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 33

from birth to 3 years old

Question 34

What is the age range for juvenile idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 34

from 3 years old to 10 years old

Question 35

What is the age range for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?

Answer 35

over 10 years old

Question 36

Identify curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of infantile idiopathic scoliosis.

Answer 36

left thoracic, male, less than 1% incidence

Question 37

Identify curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

Answer 37

right thoracic, females over 6 years old, and 12% - 21% incidence

Question 38

Identify curve direction, location, gender bias and incidence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Answer 38

right thoracic or right thoracic and left lumbar, females, and 80% incidence

Question 39

What is the relationship between curve deviation, incidence, and curve worsening?

Answer 39

the greater the deviation, the lower the incidence, and the more likely the worsen