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Vijayanagar And Bahamani Kingdoms Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the founders of the Vijayanagar Kingdom?

A

Harihara I and Bukka Raya I

They founded the kingdom on the banks of the river Tungabhadra.

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2
Q

What was the capital of the Vijayanagar Kingdom?

A

Vijayanagar

The capital shared the same name as the kingdom.

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3
Q

What dynasty ruled the Vijayanagar Kingdom?

A

Sangama dynasty

This dynasty was established by the founders of the kingdom.

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4
Q

What time period did the Vijayanagar Empire last?

A

1336 AD to 1646 AD

The empire lasted for over three centuries.

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5
Q

How many rulers did the Vijayanagar Empire have?

A

16 kings

These rulers were part of four different dynasties.

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6
Q

List the four dynasties that ruled the Vijayanagar Empire.

A
  • Sangama
  • Saluva
  • Tuluva
  • Aravidu

These dynasties contributed to the expansion and administration of the kingdom.

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7
Q

Who is considered the greatest ruler of the Vijayanagar Kingdom?

A

Krishnadevaraya

He is known for his powerful reign and significant achievements.

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8
Q

What notable traveler praised the Vijayanagar Kingdom during Krishnadevaraya’s reign?

A

The Persian traveler

His accounts highlighted the kingdom’s prosperity and culture.

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9
Q

What led to the decline of the Vijayanagar Kingdom?

A

Defeat at the Battle of Talikota in 1565 AD

This battle marked a significant turning point for the kingdom.

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10
Q

What was the primary administrative unit in the Vijayanagar Empire called?

A

Nadus

These were regions within the kingdom administered by local officials.

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11
Q

Who was Mahamud Gawan?

A

The founder of the Bahamani Kingdom

His contributions were essential to the establishment and administration of the kingdom.

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12
Q

What is Hampi known for?

A

Art and architecture of the Vijayanagar Empire

Hampi is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcasing the grandeur of the empire.

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13
Q

What is Gol Gumbaz famous for?

A

Its architecture

Gol Gumbaz is a significant structure from the Bahamani Kingdom known for its impressive dome.

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14
Q

True or False: The Vijayanagar Empire covered the entire southern tip of India.

A

True

At its height, the empire included vast territories across South India.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The Vijayanagar Empire was established in response to the annexation of Deccan kingdoms by _______.

A

Muhammad bin Tughlaq

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16
Q

What were the main dynasties of the Vijayanagar Empire?

A

Sangama dynasty, Saluva dynasty, Tuluva dynasty, Aravidu dynasty

These dynasties ruled from 1336 AD to the early 17th century.

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17
Q

Who is considered the greatest ruler of the Vijayanagar Empire?

A

Krishnadeva Raya

He ruled from 1509 AD to 1529 AD.

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18
Q

Which two travelers provided accounts of Krishnadeva Raya’s reign?

A

Domingo Paes, Abdur Razzaq

They praised his rule during their visits to Vijayanagar.

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19
Q

What event marked the beginning of the decline of the Vijayanagar kingdom?

A

Battle of Talikota in 1565 AD

Rama Raya faced a crushing defeat against the five Bahamani kingdoms.

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20
Q

What were the years of Krishnadeva Raya’s reign?

A

1509 AD - 1529 AD

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21
Q

What significant territory did Krishnadeva Raya annex during his reign?

A

Raichur doab

This territory was contested between the Vijayanagar and Bahamani kingdoms.

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22
Q

What was one of Krishnadeva Raya’s military achievements?

A

Showed military prowess against the Muslim rulers of the Deccan and Gajapati rulers of Odisha

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23
Q

What role did Krishnadeva Raya play in administration?

A

Efficient administrator

He improved trade and agriculture, benefiting even remote villages.

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24
Q

What type of literary contributions did Krishnadeva Raya make?

A

Sanskrit poet and Telugu scholar

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25
Fill in the blank: The Vijayanagar kingdom was divided into six provinces called _______.
rajyas or mandalams
26
True or False: The king's word was not the law in the Vijayanagar kingdom.
False
27
What was the primary focus of Krishnadeva Raya's administration?
Promoting agriculture and infrastructure ## Footnote Many dams and canals were constructed for irrigation.
28
What was the significance of Krishnadeva Raya's reign in terms of culture?
Golden period of Telugu literature ## Footnote His court was filled with scholars and he was a patron of art and architecture.
29
Who headed the council of ministers in the Vijayanagar kingdom?
The prime minister
30
What were the administrative units in the Vijayanagar kingdom called?
Nadus ## Footnote Each nadu consisted of gramas (villages)
31
Who headed each province in the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Governor ## Footnote A notable feature was that administrative posts gradually became hereditary
32
What economic activity primarily contributed to the wealth of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Waniculture and trade ## Footnote The kingdom was presented as prosperous by foreign travelers
33
How was the land tax in the Vijayanagar kingdom determined?
According to the fertility of land ## Footnote It varied from one-third to one-sixth of the produce
34
What steps did the Vijayanagar state take to boost agriculture?
Improved irrigation facilities and provided more land ## Footnote This contributed to increased agricultural production
35
What were the main exports of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Rice, sugar, spices, cotton, and sandalwood ## Footnote The kingdom also earned revenue from customs duties on trade
36
What were the main imports of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Horses from Persia, elephants from Sri Lanka, and silk from China ## Footnote These imports were significant for the kingdom's economy
37
Describe the societal structure of the Vijayanagar kingdom.
Conservative and followed the caste system ## Footnote The Brahmin class had significant influence, and women had limited freedom
38
What social practices were common in the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Child marriage, polygamy, and sati ## Footnote Polygamy refers to the custom of having more than one wife at the same time
39
What was the religious outlook of the Vijayanagar rulers?
Secular ## Footnote They did not discriminate based on religion and employed Muslims in the army and administration
40
Which languages were promoted during the Vijayanagar period?
Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada ## Footnote Krishnadeva Raya's reign is considered a golden period for language and literature
41
What literary works did Krishnadeva Raya pen?
Amuktamalyada in Telugu and Usha Parinayam in Sanskrit ## Footnote His contributions significantly impacted the development of literature in the kingdom
42
True or False: The Vijayanagar kingdom was exclusively a Hindu kingdom.
False ## Footnote While described as a Hindu kingdom, its rulers had a secular outlook and employed individuals of different religions
43
Fill in the blank: The Vijayanagar kingdom's economic condition was primarily boosted by _______.
Waniculture and trade
44
What was a notable feature of the Vijayanagar administration?
Administrative posts were hereditary ## Footnote This suggests a system of governance where positions were passed down within families.
45
What was the primary source of income for the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Agriculture ## Footnote The kingdom's wealth was largely based on agricultural productivity.
46
What percentage of land produce was typically levied as land tax in Vijayanagar?
One-third to one-sixth ## Footnote This tax was based on the fertility of the land.
47
What steps did the Vijayanagar state take to boost agriculture?
Improved irrigation facilities ## Footnote This included efforts to increase the amount of land available for farming.
48
What were the main exports of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Rice and other agricultural products ## Footnote These exports were significant for trade with foreign countries.
49
What were the main imports of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Silk from China and other goods from Sri Lanka ## Footnote The kingdom engaged in extensive trade with neighboring regions.
50
True or False: The Vijayanagar kingdom had a conservative social outlook.
True ## Footnote The society was characterized by traditional values, especially among the Brahmin class.
51
Who is considered the father of Telugu poetry?
Allasani Peddanna ## Footnote He was one of the eight great poets in the court of Krishnadeva Raya.
52
What is the significance of the Ashtadiggajas?
They were eight great poets in Krishnadeva Raya's court ## Footnote Their works contributed significantly to Telugu literature.
53
What types of coins did the Vijayanagar kings issue?
Gold, silver, and copper coins ## Footnote These coins often bore their names and images of deities.
54
What architectural style is exemplified by the Vithalaswami Temple?
Vijayanagar style of architecture ## Footnote This temple is a significant example of the architectural achievements of the empire.
55
When was the construction of the Vithalaswami Temple started?
1513 AD ## Footnote It was commissioned by Krishnadeva Raya.
56
Fill in the blank: The Vithalaswami Temple is dedicated to _______.
[Lord Vitthala] ## Footnote Lord Vitthala is considered an incarnation of Vishnu.
57
What are the notable architectural features of the Vithalaswami Temple?
* Three gopurams * A Kalyan Mandapa * An Aamman Shrine * 56 beautifully carved pillars * A ratha made of single block of granite ## Footnote These features highlight the complexity and grandeur of the temple's design.
58
What unique feature do some pillars of the Vithalaswami Temple have?
They are musical pillars ## Footnote These pillars emit musical tones when tapped, showcasing advanced craftsmanship.
59
What is remarkable about the stone chariot at the Vithalaswami Temple?
It was carved from a single block of stone and its wheels can rotate ## Footnote This demonstrates the skill of the artisans during the Vijayanagar period.
60
What is the Hazara Rama Temple known for?
It is a highly decorative temple with a mandapa featuring four main pillars richly carved with scenes from the Ramayana.
61
Where are the ruins of Hampi located?
Near Bengaluru in Karnataka.
62
What designation does Hampi hold?
UNESCO World Heritage Site.
63
Who founded the Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagar?
Harihara I and Bukka Raya I.
64
How many kings ruled the Vijayanagar kingdom?
16 kings under four dynasties: Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, and Aravidu.
65
Who is considered the greatest ruler of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Krishnadeva Raya.
66
What was the golden period of Vijayanagar known for?
The development of language and literature.
67
What title was given to the eight great poets in Krishnadeva Raya's court?
Ashtadiggajas.
68
In what year did Krishnadeva Raya die?
1529 AD.
69
What happened to the Vijayanagar kingdom in 1565 AD?
It suffered a crushing defeat by the combined forces of five Bahamani kingdoms.
70
What was the head of the administration in Vijayanagar?
The king.
71
What were the three administrative divisions of the Vijayanagar kingdom?
* Rajyas (provinces) * Nadus (districts) * Gramas (villages)
72
How did the administrative posts in Vijayanagar change over time?
They gradually became hereditary.
73
What was the primary source of revenue for the Vijayanagar kingdom?
Agriculture and trade.
74
How was the land tax levied in Vijayanagar?
According to the fertility of land.
75
What social practices were common in the Vijayanagar society?
* Child marriage * Polygamy * Sati
76
What was the religious outlook of the Hindu rulers of Vijayanagar?
Secular in their outlook.
77
What architectural wonders are associated with the Vijayanagar kingdom?
* Vithalaswami temple * Lotus Mahal * Hazara Rama temple * Stone chariot
78
Who founded the Bahamani dynasty?
Hassan Gangu, who assumed the title of Alauddin Bahaman Shah.
79
What triggered the formation of the Bahamani kingdom?
A revolt by nobles against Muhammad bin Tughlaq in 1347 AD.

History Civics (2 decks)

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