Viniculture

Question 1

Where is the wine-growing areas located ?

Answer 1

between the 30th and 50th parallels North and south

Question 2

By the end of ….century hybridization became a popular method to stop …. using the …

Answer 2

19th
Phylloxera
American rootstock

Question 3

life cycle of a vine

Answer 3

-1-3 years unproductive the vine is establishing roots,truck, and trellis systems(is a type of structure used to guide and support climbing plants such as ivy).
-4-5 productive
-5-20 best years
-30-40 most vines will start to decline

Question 4

Describe the vine through the growing season

Answer 4

1* bud burt - are the first signs of green
happens in march-april (N.H)
sept-octobre(S.H)
2* Early shoot and leaf growth -know as “Coulure “in french
April -May (N.H)
October-November (S.H)
3 Flowering and Fruit set
May-June (N.H)
Nov-Dec (S.H)
4 Veraison and berry ripening
June-July (N.H)
Dec-January (S.H)
5 Harvest
September (N.H)
February (S.H)

Question 5

when is Ice wine made ?

Answer 5

December-January (N.H)
May-June(S.H)

Question 6

Types of Soil composition?

Answer 6

clay
sand
silt
Loam
Limestone
volcanic

Question 7

What determines the soil composition ?

Answer 7

the size of the particles it contains and the composition of those particles

Question 8

Clay

Answer 8

-very fine particles that fit together retaining water and staying cooler
-produce high-extract and colorful wines

Question 9

sand

Answer 9

-Large particles ,well-drained and retained heat
-Produces aromatic wines ,pale colors and low tannins

Question 10

Silt

Answer 10

-fine particles Retains water and heat
-smooth and round wines
-makes roots growing process hard
-Oregon and Washington

Question 11

Loam

Answer 11

-Mix of clay ,silt and sand
-very fertile
-Sonoma Valley and Napa

Question 12

Limestone

Answer 12

-High acidity and high PH
-Produces long -lived wines

Question 13

What are the types of climates?

Answer 13

*Maritime -strongly influenced by the sea

*Mediterranean- Warm dry summers and mild wet winters

*Continental-far from the ocean hot summers and cool winters

Question 14

What’s the terroir?

Answer 14

At its most restrictive detfinition means soil by extension embrace the subsoil ,the rooks beneath them ,their physical and chemical properties and their interaction with the climate and microclimate

Question 15

Organic wines ?

Answer 15

This means growing without any manufactured fertilizers or pesticides

Question 16

When it comes to sulfites, for a wine to be labeled “organic” what requirements most have ?

Answer 16

United States : no additional sulfites may be added to any organic wine
Europe : sulfites are allowed in specific amounts (150mg/l) in red and (200mg/l)in whites

Question 17

what is biodynamic viniculture ?

Answer 17

Is essentially organic viniculture with the addition of metaphysical elements and a few mandated process

Question 18

Sustainable viniculture ?

Answer 18

Has the same goals as organic and biodynamic the difference lies in the environmental conservation-oriented methods