Viral Derm Tx Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Viral Derm Tx Deck (17)
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1
Q

What drugs are available to treat the Pox virus family?

A

Cidofovir

2
Q

What drugs are available to treat Varicella zoster?

A

-valacyclovir andacyclovir-famciclovir(metabolized to active product, penciclovir)

3
Q

What drugs are available to treat Varicella chicken pox?

A

-valacyclovir-acyclovir

4
Q

What drugs are available to treat HHV-6?

A

-cidofovir-foscarnet-valganciclovir and ganciclovir

5
Q

What drugs are available to treat HHV-7?

A

Cidofovir

6
Q

What drugs are available to treat HHV-8?

A

-cidofovir-famciclovir (metabolized to active product, penciclovir)- for recurrent herpes labialis-ganciclovir-valacyclovir only

7
Q

How do DNA viruses replicate?

A

1) attachment2) Uncoating and transfer of viral DNA to hsot nucleus3) protein synthesis4) budding and release

8
Q

How doacyclovir, famciclovir, and ganciclovirwork?

A

competively inhibit viral DNA polymerase; competes with dexoygunaoisine triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA

9
Q

How does foscarnet work?

A

selectively inhibits viral-specific DNA polymerases and reverse transcriptases at pyrophosphate-binding sites to block chain elongation

10
Q

How does cidofovir work?

A

competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase by competing with deoxycytosine triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA

11
Q

Note about antivirals

A

Some drugs require sequential phosphorylation to the triphosphate form (active product). Thus, kinase deficient viral strains are inherently resistant to these agents. By contrast, cidofovir and foscarnet retain activity in such conditions because they act in a different manner

12
Q

How are these antivirals eliminated?

A

Renal, dose adjustment needed

13
Q

Another thing to note about antivirals, is that, similar to penicillins and select cephalosporins, there is the issue of cross-reactivity in some of these drugs with hypersensitivity due to similar structure (and thus should not be looked to as alternatives following reaction to one). What are these?

A

-acyclovir and valacyclovir-famciclovir-ganciclovir and valganciclovir

14
Q

AEs of acyclovir?

A

neurotoxic and seizures

15
Q

AEs of cidofovir?

A

nephrotoxic (patients should receive probenecid and hydration with normal saline concurrently)

16
Q

AEs of famciclovir?

A

None

17
Q

AEs of ganciclovir?

A

pancytopenia and teratogenic