Viral infections Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are mumps? How is it caught?
Via air droplets
15-24 days
infectious 5 days before and after parotid swelling
asymptomatic
or
headache, fever, parotid swelling
pancreatitis, neuritis, arthritis, mastitis, nephritis, thyroiditis, pericarditis
Investigations for mumps?
oral fluid IgM sample
amylase raised
Management in the mumps?
Supportive care - rest, analgesia, and fluids
What is measles?
spread through secretions
highly transmissible
incubation = 7-18 days
infective period - 4 days before and after rash
Signs and symptoms of measles?
Prodrome - high fever, irritability, conjunctivitis
Maculopapular rash - face neck
Koplik spots - small white spots surrounded by red ring
cough
Investigations for measles?
Measles serology - IgM and IgG
PCR of blood and saliva
Management of measles?
Notify PHE
rest and supportive treatment.- fluid, antipyretics, rest
Children isolated in hospital
Complications of measles?
encephalitis - after 1-2 weeks
SSPE - subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
otitis media
pneumonia
keratoconjunctiivits
What is rubella?
This is called Togavirus - spread through sneezing/couging
What are some signs and symptoms of rubella?
mild fever/ asymptomatic
maculopapular rash
lymphadenopathy
Investigations for rubella?
rubella serology from oral fluid test
PCR test
Management for rubella?
supportive - fluids, analgesia, rest
safety net the complications
What is parvovirus B19?
Commonly transmitted by coughing and sneezing
infects RBC precursors in BM
Signs and symptoms of parvovirus B19
1 - asymptomatic or common cold symptoms
2- red ‘slapped cheek rash’
3 - aplastic crisis
4 - fetal disease
Investigations into Parvovirus B19?
B19 serology - IgG and IgM
Management of parvovirus B19?
Supportive - virus fluids, analgesia, rest
safety net complications
What is chickenpox (vxv)?
Hhv-3
incubation period = 10-21 days
infectious period = 48hours before rash to last crusted over lesion
Signs and symptoms of Chickenpox?
investigations?
pyrexia
headache,
abdominal pain,
malaise
vesicles - head, neck, trunk
clinical diagnosis
Management of chickenpox?
supportive - fluids, analgesia
isolate - immunocompromised, pregnant, keep from school
Complications of chickenpox?
secondary bacterial superinfection
encephalitis
purpura fulminas
dehydration
What is hand foot and mouth disease?
due to coxsackie a16 virus
common un der 10
Signs and symptoms of hand foot and mouth
Painful, itchy, vesicular lesions (hands, foot, mouth, tongue, buttocks)
o Mild systemic features – fever, sore throat, spots in mouth → develop into ulcers
Management of hand foot and mouth disease?
Supportive - fluids, analgesia and rest
safety net - dehydration, if it doesnt clear up
What is roseola infantum?
Sixth disease - HHV6
most children infected by age 2
