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Oral Pathology > Viral Infections > Flashcards

Viral Infections Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

diseases caused by herpes simplex virus 1 and 2

A

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
recurrent herpes (intraoral, labialis)
ocular herpes
genital herpes

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2
Q

diseases caused by varicella zoster virus

A

chicken pox
herpes zoster

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3
Q

diseases caused by epstein barr virus

A

infectious mononucleosis
hairy leukoplakia
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
certain types of lymphomas

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4
Q

diseases caused by cytomegalovirus

A

diseases of salivary glands and lymph nodes

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5
Q

diseases caused by herpesvirus 6 and 7

A

exanthema subitum
exanthem infantum
roseola infantum

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6
Q

diseases caused by herpesvirus 8

A

kaposi’s sarcoma

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7
Q

neurotropic (definition)

A

will be transported via nerves to sensory ganglia

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8
Q

which two viruses are neurotropic?

A

HSV 1 and 2
Varicella zoster

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9
Q

how herpes simplex virus spreads to cause infection

A

spreads through saliva, usually during early childhood

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10
Q

Clinical spectrum of HSV infection

A

95% primary infections are subclinical

5% primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (have aphthous ulcers)

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11
Q

diagnosing HSV infection

A

-clinical presentation characteristic
-exfoliative cytology
-viral culture
-sequential serum antibody titers
-immunohistochemistry on sampled tissue

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12
Q

epithelial cell morphology for HSV infection

A

each cell has multiple large nuclei with glassy chromatin

ballooning degeneration

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13
Q

management of HSV within first few days

A

acyclovir

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14
Q

later management of HSV

A

symptomatic care
topical anesthetics
avoid dehydration

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15
Q

prognosis for HSV

A

generally good
episodes last 10-14 days (without treatment)

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16
Q

preventative measures for HSV

A

care should be taken not to spread virus to other body sites or other people during active infection

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17
Q

triggers for HSV infection

A

triggered by UV light exposure or trauma

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18
Q

prodromal symptoms of HSV infection

A

prodromal itchign or tingling

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19
Q

features of established HSV lesion

A

erythema, followed by cluster of vesicles

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20
Q

Measures that can be taken to reduce recurrence of HSV infection

A

-avoid excess sun exposure
-sunblock
-topical antiviral agent

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21
Q

herpetic whitlow is a hazard associated with not wearing…

A

gloves

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22
Q

should you work on patients if you have herpetic whitlow?

A

no!

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23
Q

incubation period of varicella zoster virus / chicken pox

A

10-20 days

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24
Q

lesion characteristics of chicken pox

A

intensely pruritic exanthum

dew drop on a rose petal

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25
evolution of lesions over course of chicken pox
erythema --> vesicle --> pustule --> crust
26
complications associated with chicken pox
-more severe in adults -reye's syndrome -secondary skin infections
27
epithelial cell morphology with HSV infections
acantholysis and free floating Tzanck cells multinucleated epithelial cells
28
diagnosis of chicken pox
history of exposure characteristic exanthum rapid diagnosis from VZV antibodies
29
treatment of chicken pox
antipyretics avoid aspirin
30
prevention of chicken pox
-live attenuated varicella vaccine -avoid contact with infected
31
reactivation of neurotrophic VZV results in ...
herpes zoster (shingles)
32
dermatomic presentation of shingles lesion
area of skin supplied by one single nerve
33
unilateral presentation of shingles lesion
one nerve on one side (why stops at midline)
34
most common areas affected by shingles lesion
thoracolumbar areas
35
treatment of shingles
systemic acyclovir
36
postherpetic neuralgia
-demyelination of nerves -can resemble trigeminal neuralgia can develop after shingles
37
diseases caused by epstein barr virus
mononucleosis oral hairy leukoplakia burkitt lymphoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma some forms of hodgkin lymphoma lymphoma in AIDS
38
systemic clinical features of infectious mononucleosis
-prodrome of fatigue, malaise, anorexia -fever -cervical lymphadenopathy -herpatosplenomegaly -rash (measles like)
39
oropharyngeal clinical features of mononucleosis
tonsillitis pharyngitis palatal petechiae
40
treatment of mono
non-aspirin antipyretics and NSAIDS
41
potential complications of mono
splenic rupture EBV bell's palsy
42
paramyxovirus infections
RNA viruses rubeola rubella viral parotitis
43
day 1-3 of measles
runy nose cough conjunctivitis fever KOPLIK SPOTS
44
day 4-6 of measles
fever continues koplik spots fade morbilliform skin rash begins skin of face - trunk - extremities
45
day 7-9 of measles
fever ends rash begins to fade reactive brown pigmentation desquamation fo affected skin
46
koplik spots
numerous small blue-white spots on an erythematous mucosa like grains of salt on a red background
47
warthin-finkeldey giant cells
contain 25+ nuclei
48
potential complications of measles
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis degenerative disorder of CNS personality changes, seizure, coma, death
49
diagnosis of measles
usually in an epidemic situation antibody titer to viral antigen
50
management of measles
prevention by vaccination program bed rest, fluids, non-aspirin antipyretics
51
German measles birth defect
congenital rubella syndrome
52
prodrome features of german measles
fever, headache, malaise, anorexia, myalgia, mild conjunctivitis
53
clinical features of german measles
exanthematous rash begins on face and neck - spreads to whole body in 1-3 days pink macules - papules - fades with flaky desquamation
54
seasonal affliction of german measles
winter / spring
55
prevention of german measles
MMR vaccine
56
forechheimer's sign
small discrete, dark red papules on soft palate arise with skin rash and last 12-24 hours
57
congenital rubella syndrome
deafness, heart disease, cataracts
58
management of german measles
non-aspirin antipyretics and analgesics passive immunotherapy MMR vaccine
59
viral parotitis
diffuse disease of exocrine gland mumps
60
transmission fo mumps
saliva respiratory droplets urine
61
prodromal symptoms of mumps
low grade fever headache malaise anorexia myalgia
62
oral clinical features of mumps
red and enlarged openings of stensen duct and wharton's duct (no pus discharge) bilateral swelling of floor of mouth
63
management of mumps
palliative, bed rest, non-aspirin antipyretics, analgesics
64
prevention of mumps
MMR vaccine
65
diseases caused by enteroviruses
herpangina hand-foot-mouth disease acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
66
subfamilies of enteroviruses
echovirus coxsackievirus A and B poliovirus
67
modes of transmission fo enteroviruses
oral fecal salivary or respiratory droplet infections
68
clinical features of herpangina
acute onset of sore throat 1-2mm oral ulcers
69
clinical features of hand-foot-mouth disease
flu like symptoms skin lesions consist of 1-3mm erythematous macules oral and hand lesions most common
70
clinical features of acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
sore throat 1-5 yellow to dark pink papules on soft palate or tonsillar pillars
71
management of herpangina
supportive care (analgesics, antipyretics, topical anesthetics)
72
hand-foot-mouth management
most lesions resolve within 1 week
73
management of acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
non-aspirin antipyretics anesthetic mouth washes resolve in 10 days without vesciculation or ulceration

Oral Pathology (14 decks)

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