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Viral Skin Infections (PHARM) Flashcards

(8 cards)

1
Q

Types of Herpes viruses that can infect humans

A

-HSV 1: herpes simplex virus type 1-(cold sore as re-occurance)
-HSV 2: herpes simplex virus type 2
-VZV: varicella zoster virus (chicken pox) -re-occurance (shingles)
-CMV: cytomegalovirus
-HHV-6: human herpes virus 6 (exanthem subitum or roseola infantum)
-HHV-8-human herpes virus 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma)

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2
Q

Pathophysiology of viral infection

A

-Neurotropic: grows within neurone
-HSV large virus contains double strand DNA
-Latency: viral gene reside inside a cell and express only a few genes, retreat to dorsal root ganglion (antivirals don’t work in latent phase)

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3
Q

Diagnostic Criteria of viral lesions

A

-Eruptions of clustered vesicles on an erythematous base
-Virus distributed on autonomic and sensory nerve enduing-dorsal root ganglion

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4
Q

Goals of drug therapy for Viral

A

-Reduce duration of symptoms
-Suppress the pain

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5
Q

Herpes Simplex: HSV-1 and HSV-2

A

-Mouth-cold sores
-Eczema herpeticum (develops in patients with atopic dermatitis)
-Genital herpes
-HSV encephalitis
-Herpes whitlow caused by herpes simples where you touch a sore or blister of another infected person

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6
Q

Topical antivirals MOA

A

-Inhibits fusion between the human cell plasma membrane and the herpes simplex virus envelope, thereby preventing viral entry into cells and prevent viral replication

-Initiate within 12 hr of consent of prodromal symptoms
-Apply 5 times daily for 10 days

-Acyclovir 5% (Zovirax)cream

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7
Q

Systemic Antivirals

A

-Acyclovir (low bioavailability 5 times a day)
-Famciclovir (bioavailability 5-75%)
-Valacyclovir (BEST to prescribe, BID dosing)

-Inhibits DNA replications, only in HSV infected cells
-Initiate within 72 hours of rash onset to reduce the duration of viral shedding

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8
Q

Contraindications antivirals

A

-Cr clearance lesss than 50 ml/min, needs dose adjustment)

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