Viral stuff

Question 1

why do we need a new flu vaccine evry year

Answer 1

it changes via antigenic shift and drift

Question 2

what are the differences between antigenic shift and drift

Answer 2

drift -> minot changes

shift -> major chages

Question 3

what are the different types of flu vaccine

Answer 3

IM -> inactivated

intranasal -> live attenuated

Question 4

what type of virus is influenza

Answer 4

RNA

Question 5

what antivirals can be used for influenza

Answer 5

Oseltamivir

Question 6

what are the 2 different types of antigens in influenza and what do they do

Answer 6

H -> attach & enter host cell

N -> release from host cell

Question 7

what are the layman terms for infectious mononucleosis

Answer 7

glandular fever

mono

kissing disease

Question 8

what is the casues of infectious mononuclerosis (glandular fever)

Answer 8

EBV

Question 9

what are some special signs of infectiosu mononucleosis

Answer 9

petechiae on palate

splenomegaly

atypical lymphocytes

herterophile antibodies

macropapular & puritic rash

Question 10

what are the common features of mono

Answer 10

sore throat

fever

lymphadenopathy

Question 11

infectous mono

1. what type of antibdoies are there
2. what occurs on the palate
3. what organ is enlarged
4. what sort of rash do you get

Answer 11

1. heterophile
2. petechiae
3. spleen
4. macropapular & puritic

Question 12

how is mono diagnosed

Answer 12

MOnospot test

Question 13

how is mono managed

Answer 13

Just supportive treatment

no antivirals

Question 14

what are folk with mono at risk of and what must you tell them

Answer 14

Splenic rupture

avoid contact sports for 8 weeks

Question 15

what can EBV cause

Answer 15

Infectious mononuclerosis

Lymphoma

Oral hairy leukoplakia

Nasopharyngeal ca

Question 16

what causes mumps

Answer 16

RNA para-myxo-virus

Question 17

mumps

1. how does it present
2. time of year it’s most commmon
3. how is it prevented
4. is it a notifiable disease
5. how is it managed

Answer 17

1. fever, muscle pain, ear ache, pain when eating
2. winter & spring
3. MMR vacine
4. yes
5. supportive only

Question 18

even though you get the MMR vaccine, how can you still get mumps

Answer 18

vaccine is only 80% effective

Question 19

is mumps a notifiable disease

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

what causes the ear ache and pain when eating in mumps

Answer 20

parotitis

Question 21

how is mumps diagnosed

Answer 21

salivia igM

Mumps => IgM

Question 22

what are some potential complicatoins of mumps

Answer 22

orchitis

pancreatiits

hearing loss

Question 23

an increase level of anti-streptolysin O titres is a sign of…

what abx do you give

Answer 23

Rheumatic fever

Benzyl penicillin

Question 24

whats this

what causes it

Answer 24

Slapped cheek syndrome (erthema infectiousm)

parovirus B19

Question 25

what is the proper name for slapped cheek syndrome

Answer 25

erythema infectiousm

Question 26

**erythema infectiousm** 1. cause 2. need to be exlcuded from school? 3. treatment 4. who to avoid

Answer 26

1. parovirus B19 2. no need 3. just suportiv 4. pregnant ladies

Question 27

how would you describe the face of someone wiht ertyhema infectiousum

Answer 27

red hand print rash cicrumoral pallor (pale around the mouth)

Question 28

what do you do if a pregnant lady has been exposed to a kid with erythema infectiousm

Answer 28

check maternal IgG and IgM

Question 29

what type of cancers can ebv casue

Answer 29

Nasopharyngeal **lymphoma** post-transplant Hodgkins HIV Burkitts