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Microbiology > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Property of virus

A

Obligate intracellular parasite

Either rna or DNA will be there not both

Genome surrounded by capsid
Capsid by the envelope

Smaller in size
Lack the enzymes necessary fr proteins and nucleus acid synthesis

No cellular organisation

No binary fission

Do not grow in media culture

Resistance to antibiotics

They have host specificity

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2
Q

Morphological features of viruses

A

Smallest = parvovirus

Large = pox viruses

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3
Q

Structure of viruses

A

Central core of nuclei acid genome

Genome by proteins coat made of capsomers

Together known as capsid

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4
Q

Functions of capsid

A

Impermeable shell

Introduce viral genome into host by absorbing the host cell membrane

Capsid bilayered lipoprotein

Virus codes glycoproteins subunits on the surface of envelope
Peplomers in the influenz as H and N

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5
Q

Symmetry

A

Icasohedral

Helical some rna viruses

Complex=pox virus

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6
Q

Bullet shape virus

A

Rabies virus

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7
Q

Rod shape

A

Tobacco mosaic viruses

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8
Q

Pox shape virus

A

Brick shaped

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9
Q

Adeno

A

Space vehicle

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10
Q

Filamentous shape virus

A

Marburg and Ebola virus

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11
Q

At what temperature viruses are inactiveated an

A

56*c for 30 min

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12
Q

Stable viruses at

A

40-70*c by lyophilisation

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13
Q

What kind of rays inactivate the viruses

A

Uv rays, X-rays,gamma rays

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14
Q

Lipid solvent that destroys viruses

A

Chloroform,ether,bile salts destroy the enveloped viruses

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15
Q

Entero viruses are resistant to?

A

Phenol and chlorination

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16
Q

Does disinfection kills the viruses

A

Oxidising agents of chlorine ,iodine and h2o2 kills most of the viruses

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17
Q

What are inclusion bodies

A

Replicating aggregates they can be intranuclear and intrauterine cytoplasmic

Can be seen by the microscope normal

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18
Q

Examples of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

A 
They are mostly eosinophilic
Negri bodies
Guarneri bodies
Paschen bodies
Bollinger bodies
Molluscum bodies-
these are mostly eosinophilic
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19
Q

Negri bodies are seen in

A

Rabies

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20
Q

Molluscum bodies are seen in

A

Molluscum, contagioum

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21
Q

Bollinger bodies are seen in

A

Fowl pox

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22
Q

Guarnieri bodies

A

Vaccinia

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23
Q

Paschean bodies

A

Variola

24
Q

Intranucleur inclusion bodies

A

Cowdry type A
Herpes virus
A
Yellow fever

Cowdry type B
B
Adeno virus
Polio virus

25
Q

Both intranuclear and intra cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are seen in

A

Measles
Also known as warthinfinkelday giant cells

Cytomegalovirus owl appearance of infected cells

26
Q

What are the families of herpes

A

Alpha virinae
Beta virinae
Gamma virinae

27
Q

What are included under the alpha virinae

A

Hsv1 ( herpes simplex virus1)
Hsv2( herpes simplex virus 2)
Hsv3( chicken pox virus,varicella zoster)

These affect the ganglion cells

28
Q

What are included under the beta virinae

A

Hhv5( cytomegalovirus)
Hhv6
Hhv7

Affects the salivary glands

29
Q

What are all included under the gamma virinae

A

Hhv4 ( Epstein bar virus)
Hhv8(kaposi sarcoma causing virus)

Affects the B cells

30
Q

Difference between hsv1 and hsv2

A

1 causes infections above the waist
2 causes infections below the waist
But there is no rule

31
Q

Describe the mucosal involvement

A

Most common site will be buccal mucosa

Causes = acute gingival stomatitis

Mc recurrent herpes lesions herpes labialis

32
Q

What is acute gingivo stomatitis

A

Contagious mouth infections that cause painful sores and blisters and swelling

33
Q

Most common herpes lesion involving mucosa

A

Herpes labialis

34
Q

Describe the cutaneous involvement of herpes

A

Most common site is face

35
Q

What is herpes whitlow

A

Here nurses and doctors are affected when they touch herpes patients without gloves

36
Q

Herpes gladitorum

A

Occurs in wrestling ppl

37
Q

How the herpes effects the cns

A

Temporal lobe encephalitis

Mollarets meningitis

38
Q

How herpessimplex virus

effects the eye

A

Acute dendritic ulcers are formed

Steroids are contraindicated

Topical acyclovir is prescribed

39
Q

Genital involvement of herpes simplex virus

A

Causes bilateral vesicular ,pustular erythematous lesions

40
Q

If pregnant female is hsv2 what should be done

To prevent infections to new born

A

Caesarea section done to avoid transmission to new born

41
Q

Lab diagnosis hsv1 and2

A

PCR
Elisa

Tzanck smear
Tissue biopsy+ toludine blue
We can see tzanck cells

42
Q

Portal of entry of varicella zoster

A

Respiratory tract/conjuctiva

43
Q

What is the secondary attack rate

A

> 90%

44
Q

What is the infective period

A

2 days before the rash and 5 days after the scub falls off

45
Q

What kind of the rash Is

A

Centripetal rash and dew drop appearance and pleomorphism is seen

46
Q

What is the incubation period

A

14 -16 days

47
Q

Most common complications

A

Secondary bacterial infections

48
Q

Most serious complications of chicken pox

A

Varicella pneumonia

49
Q

Congenital varicella syndrome

A

Limb hypoplasia
Microcephalic
Chorizo retinitis
Cicatrising lesions

Vaccine strain used is oka strain

50
Q

Lab diagnosis of chicken pox

A

PCR ,Elisa

Tzanck smear

51
Q

What is the reactivation of chicken pox

A

Occurs in stress and herpes zoster is the reactivation amd also called shingles

Types
Herpes zoster oticus/ Ramsay hunt syndrome
Bell’s palsy
Vesicles over external auditory canal ,tympanic membrane and cheeks

Ganglion involves genicualte ganglion

52
Q

Explain herpes zoster opthalmicus

A

Single sided lesion on the face
Dera to all involvement of T3-L3
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve is involved

Lab diagnosis is pcr and Elisa

53
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Largest herpes virus

Owl eye appearance of infected cells

54
Q

Congenital cytomegalovirus syndrome

A

Hepatosplenomegaly

Microcephali

Mental retardation

Convulsions

Calcifications

Chorio retinitis

Petechia lesions

55
Q

What is mononucleosis like syndrome

A

Atypically lymphocytes are seen

Paul Brunel test negative

Causes CMV pneumonia in post kidney transplant,
post bone marrow transplant

So post transplant 1-4mnths are more vulnerable to develop CMV

56
Q

Lab diagnosis of CMV

A

Culture on human fibroblasts cell line
PCR
Elisa

57
Q

In hiv patients thecmv

A

Causes CMV retinitis when CD count is less than 50

Microbiology (8 decks)

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