VIRUS

Question 0

Salk

Answer 0

first vaccine for polio

Question 1

Jenner

Answer 1

discovered first vaccine

scratched cow pox into son to give immunity to small pox

Question 2

Pasteur

Answer 2

discovered vaccine for rabies

Question 3

Sabin

Answer 3

discovered oral vaccine for polio

Question 4

ways to keep the immune system healthy:

Answer 4

healthy eating

Question 5

capsid

Answer 5

rigid protein shell which protects the genetic code

Question 6

capsomere

Answer 6

protein building block which binds with others to make up a capsid

Question 7

viral envelope

Answer 7

outer cloak made of fat (from the ruptured cell of a host)

Question 8

protease

Answer 8

special chemical used to cut up protein chains into usable lengths

Question 9

DNA virus

Answer 9

contains DNA who’s genetic code is copied into viral RNA

Question 10

RNA virus

Answer 10

contains RNA which is released directly into the ribosomes

Question 11

retro virus

Answer 11

transcripts viral RNA into DNA and then back into RNA

HIV

Question 12

why is retro virus the most lethal?

Answer 12

it inserts itself directly into the cells genome so it is there forever

there is a greater chance of mutations

Question 13

4 groups of viruses?

Answer 13

plant, animal, bacterial, amoeba

Question 14

3 groups of viruses based on genetic content?

Answer 14

DNA, RNA, retro

Question 15

structures within an HIV virus?

Answer 15

gp120, gp41, p17, p24, RNA, reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase

Question 16

glycoprotein 120

Answer 16

120000 H atoms
on outer surface of virus
VAP which attaches to CD4 receptors of the white blood cell (Helper Tcell)

Question 17

glycoprotein 41

Answer 17

41000 H atoms
within outer envelope
anchors gp120 to membrane of virus

Question 18

protein 17

Answer 18

capsid (capsomeres (protein))
beneath surface of envelope
protective shell of p24

Question 19

protein 24

Answer 19

smaller cone-shaped capsid (capsomeres)
inside p17
builds protective shell for genetic code

Question 20

RNA

Answer 20

nucleic acid (2 strands)
inner capsid
constructs viral protein

Question 21

reverse transcriptase

Answer 21

enzyme
inner capsid; attached to RNA
transcribes code from RNA to DNA; allows for mutations

Question 22

protease

Answer 22

enzyme; special chemical scissors
inner capsid
cuts viral protein into usable lengths

Question 23

integrase

Answer 23

enzyme; chemical scissors
inner capsid
cuts host DNA and inserts viral code

Question 24

viral replication steps

Answer 24

1. recognition 2. attachment 3. penetration 4. uncoating 5. latent cycle 6. lytic cycle 7. modification 8. assembly 9. lysis

Question 25

recognition

Answer 25

VAP recognizes receptor of host cell

Question 26

attachment

Answer 26

VAP binds to cell receptor