Virus and Phage 5 Flashcards
What is the clinical signs of AIDS?
A drastic decrease in CD4+ WBC that are found in T-cells and macrophages
HIV (does/does not) have an envelope with ___ proteins
Does
Spiked (gp120/gp41)
HIV has (#) RNA genome
2 copies of
gp___ and gp___ are responsible for what in an HIV virion?
gp120
gp41
Attachment and entry
Describe gp41’s role
It brings about fusion between the viral envelope and the endosome membrane of the host
Which gp is responsible for the release of the core HIV virus into the cytoplasm?
gp41
Describe reverse transcriptase in relation to HIV
It is a DNA polymerase that can use RNA or DNA as a template
(T/F) Reverse transcriptase refers to DNA polymerase that can only use RNA as a template
False!
Can use both RNA and DNA
RNA + ___ + ___, leads to the formation of a complementary DNA strand, which is then used as a what?
RNA + reverse transcriptase + dNTPs
Used as a template to make another complementary DNA strand
Describe the transcription process that occurs in the cytoplasm once HIV has released its RNA
Reverse transcriptase occurs
ssDNA is made
Another DNA is made resulting in dsDNA
dsDNA is integrated into host DNA
How is the dsDNA created by reverse transcriptase integrated into the host DNA?
What is this unique to?
It is integrated via integrase
Retroviruses
What is a provirus?
How is this achieved?
It is a viral genome that is inserted into the hosts’ DNA
Via integrase
gp120 binds to the ___ protein first
What happens after this?
CD4
A conformational change occurs so that gp120 can also bind to the co-receptor
What are the co-receptors that gp120 binds to?
What does this binding trigger?
Chemokine receptors
Endocytosis
Newly synthesized genomes from the provirus are synthesized by the ___
RNA polymerase
