Viruses Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
Tacaribe, Guanarito, Junin and Machupo
A
New world Arena virus
2
Q
Mus musculus
Mastomys natalensis
A
Old world Arena virus
3
Q
Meningitis
A
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis
4
Q
hemorrhagic fever + influenza like
A
Lassa Virus
5
Q
Sand shape appearance in electron microscope
Acquired through inhalation from infected rodent or direct contact
A
Arenavirus
6
Q
Transmitted by mosquito, ticks and sandfly
A
Bunyavirus
7
Q
LaCrosse & California Encephalitis
A
Brain and liver
8
Q
Hemorrhagic Fever
A
Vascular Endothelium and Liver
9
Q
Small( 30 to 38) nm rounded nonenveloped that cause gastroenteritis to humans
A
Calcivirus
10
Q
acquired from civet cat that originated from Guangdong, China
A
SARS-COV1
11
Q
possibly acquired from pangolin that originated for Wuhan, China.
A
SARS-COV2
12
Q
Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Aedes polynesiansis.
A
Dengue vectors
13
Q
Major protein in dengue virus
A
E for envelope protein
14
Q
Previously under calicivirus;
High Case Fatality Rate in Pregnant Women
( 10-20%)
A
Hepevirus
15
Q
Do not have segments that’s why they don’t undergo antigenic shift
A
Paramyxovirus
16
Q
Highly contagious accompanied by maculopapular rash and fever
A
Measles or Morbilivirus
17
Q
Associated with winter epidemics bronchiolitis and pneumonia which is common in children
A
Metapneumovirus
18
Q
The most common cause of aseptic meningitis or inflammation of brain parenchyma
Primary MOT: respiratory or gastrointestinal
A
Enteroviruses
19
Q
NAKED virus
A
PIcornavirus, REovirus, CAlicivirus,PApovavirus, PArvovirus, ADEnovirus
20
Q
Protein shell or coat that encloses the nucleic acid
A
Capsid
21
Q
Nucleic acid + Capsid (Enclosed)
A
Nucleocapsid
22
Q
Morphological units seen on the surface of particles
A
Capsomeres
23
Q
A lipid containing membrane that surrounds some viral particles
A
Envelope
24
Q
Protomers are the smallest functional unit equivalent to building units of the capsid
A
Structural Units
25
Shell vial
Cell culture
26
Derived from animals
Primary cell culture
27
derived from embryonic tissues
Semi-continuous cell culture
28
derived from tumor or malignant tissues
Continuous cell culture
29
Largest DNA virus
Poxivurs
30
Smallest DNA virus
Parvovirus
31
All are double stranded DNA virus EXCEPT
Parvovirus
32
All DNA virus are icosahedral Except
Poxvirus
33
All DNA virus are enveloped Except
PAvovavirus, ADEnovirus, PArvovirus
34
DNA virus that multiplies in cytoplasm
Poxvirus
35
Grape like cluster
Adenovirus
36
DNA virus: Gastroenteritis in children
Adenovirus serotype 40 and 41
37
Recurrence of skin lesion after primary infection
HSV1 and HSV 2
38
Latency: SENSORY NERVE GANGLIA
HSV1 and HSV 2
39
Cold sores or Fever blisters, Gingivostomatitis, Herpes Labialis, Keratitis, Pharyngitis, Herpetic Whitlow, Encephalitis
HSV1
40
Genital infection
HSV2
41
Transmitted through personal contact especially respiratory
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS
42
Chicken pox
Varicella
43
Zoster
Shingles
44
Presence of skin rash with blisters that look like skin rashes, dew drops in a rose petal
Varicella Zoster
45
Transmitted through saliva
Epstein barr/HHV4
46
Causative agent of Infectious mononucleosis ( Glandular Fever), Burkitt lymphoma and Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Epstein barr/HHV4
47
latency: B VIRUS
Epstein barr/HHV4
48
Salivary gland virus
Bull's eye
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/ HHV-5
49
Transmitted through close contact with secretions, blood transfusion (WBC), organ transplant and transplacenta
Viral mental retardation and congenital disease
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS/ HHV-5
50
Transmitted through respiratory secretions; almost all children from age 2-3 years old
Latency: CDS/T HEPLER CELLS
HUMAN HERPES VIRUS-6(HHV-6) AND HHV 7
51
Fever w/ short rash
Lymphotropic virus and Roseola (Exanthem subitum)
52
Kaposi Sarcoma
Rhadinovirus/HHV8
53
Cause warts and exhibit tropism in cutaneous and mucocutaneous
Papillomavirus
54
plantar warts
HPV1
55
Warts of the Hand
HPV2 and HPV4
56
Genital warts
HPV6 and HPV11
57
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis
HPV5 and HPV8
58
Hecks’s Disease/Pocal epithelial hyperplasia
HPV13 and HPV32
59
Condyloma Acuminata
HPV16 and HPV18
60
Subset cancer of oropharynx and penile cancer in Men
HPV16
61
Viral replication sites are erythroid progenitor cells, adult bone marrow and fetal liver
Parvovirus B19
62
associated with Merkel cell Carcinoma
MC virus
63
Progressive multifocal leukoencelopathy; latent state in lymphocytes
JC Virus/ Polyoma virus hominis 2
64
causes hemorrhagic cystitis; latent state in kidney
BK Virus/ Polyoma virus hominis 1
65
Oval or brick shape virus
Poxvirus
66
causative agent of small pox virus
Variola/ Orthopoxvirus
67
small, pink, papular, wart- like benign tumors of the skin or mucous membrane
Molluscum Contagiosum
68
transmitted by direct contact with sheep in which nodules in hands may be seen
Orf virus
69
Largest DOUBLE STRANDED DNA virus which is the causative agent of African Swine Flu ( ASF)
Iridovirus
70
Not transmissible to human but highly pathogenic to pigs
Known to be transmitted by arthropods (soft ticks)
African Swine Flu
71
All RNA VIRUS are single stranded EXCEPT
REovirus
72
All RNA virus are enveloped EXCEPT:
PIcornavirus, CAlicivirus and REovirus
73
All RNA VIRUS are generally helical EXCEPT:
PIcornavirus, REovirus, RETrovirus, FLAvivirus, TOgavirus
74
All RNA VIRUS replicate in cytoplasm Except
ORthomyxovirus, REtrovirus
75
Largest RNA VIRUS
Paramyxovirus
76
Smallest RNA VIRUS
Picornavirus
77
Arthropod borne
Majority of Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Togaviridae
78
All Bunyaviridae are arthropod borne EXCEPT
Hantavirus
79
All FLAVIVIRIDAE are arthropod borne EXCEPT
Hepatitis C
80
All TOGAVIRIDAE are arthropod borne EXCEPT
Rubella
81
Rodent borne
hemorrhagic fever with
renal syndrome(HFRS)
Hanta
82
Small (30 to 38 nm) rounded nonenveloped
Causes gastroenteritis to humans
Calicivirus
83
Associated with 80% of nonbacterial acute
gastroenteritis in undeveloped countries
Norovirus/Norwalk Virus
84
cup shaped in EM that is also associated with
gastroenteritis
Sapovirus
85
acquired from camel that originated in
middle east
MERS-COV
86
Microscopy/viral nucleic acid
SARS-COV2 DIRECT Detection
87
Serological testing
SARS-COV2 INDIRECT Detection
88
Alpha B117
United kingdom
89
Beta B1351
South Africa
90
Gamma P1
Brazil
91
Delta B16172
India
92
Filo or threadlike due to long filamentous morphology in EM
Most pathogenic of the hemorrhagic virus
FILOVIRUS
93
* 25% fatality rate
* Acquired from fruit bats
Marburg hemorrhagic fever virus
94
*Emerging virus due to eating of African green monkey in Africa
*Acquired through direct contact with infected animal or human
*80% fatality rate
Ebola virus
95
*Derived from flavus which means yellow
Flavivirus
96
Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and
Aedes polynesiansis
Dengue vectors
97
transmitted by Culex mosquitoes and mostly in summer months
St. Louis Encephalitis
98
*Spread by daytime Aedes aegypti and albopictus
*There is preliminary evidence, that Zika is a cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults.
Zika virus
99
*Vector is Culex mosquitos
*Maintained in bird-mosquito cycle such as crows, ravens
West Nile Virus
100
Chronic liver disease
Hepa C
101
* Previously under calicivirus;
* High Case Fatality Rate in Pregnant Women (10-20%)
Hepe virus
102
* Transmitted through respiratory secretions
ORTHOMYXOVIRUS
103
rod-shaped spikes
Hemagglutinins
104
mushroom-shaped spikes
Neuraminidase
105
Spanish flu
H1N1
106
H2N2
Asian Flu
107
Hongkong Flu
H3N2
108
H5N1
Avian flu
109
Don't undergo antigenic shift
PARAMYXOVIRUS
110
Characterized by inflamed salivary gland accompanied by high temperature and fatigue
Mumps/Rubulavirus
111
Second cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children after RSV
Parainfluenza virus
112
Most significant cause of acute RTI in children under 5 years of age worldwide
Respiratory Synctial Virus ( RSV) or Pneumovirus
113
* Highly contagious accompanied by maculopapular rash and fever
Measles or Morbilivirus
114
Associated with winter epidemics bronchiolitis and pneumonia which is common in children
Metapneumovirus
115
Consists of single-stranded RNA and viral Protein
PICORNAVIRUS
116
The most common cause of aseptic meningitis or inflammation of brain parenchyma.
Enterovirus
117
* It is the major cause of cold virus
* Resistant to detergents, lipid solvents, and temperature extremes but sensitive to pH less than 6.
Rhinovirus
118
* The most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and children worldwide
Rotavirus
119
Associated with Colorado tick fever
Coltivirus
120
HTLV1
T cell leukemia
121
Hairy cell leukemia
HTLV2
122
HIV
Causative agent of AIDS
123
Screening of HIV
ELISA
124
Confirmatory of HIV
WB
125
Worldwide prevalence
HIV1
126
HIV2
West Africa
127
*Bullet shaped appearance
*It is characterized by saliva frothing with painful spasm
*May lead to coma or death
*Associated with negri bodies in brain tissues of infected animals and humans
Lyssavirus/ Rabies
128
associated with equine encephalitis and
transmitted by mosquitos
Alphavirus
129
may lead to congenital defect if pregnant
women is infected
German measles
130
associated with myositis and arthritis which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti
Chikungunya virus
