Viruses Flashcards
(14 cards)
Structural diversity
is often obvious… shark is different from maple tree. This can occur at microscopic level too (multi or uni)
Size of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
P: 1-10 micrometers
E: 100-1000 micrometers
Genetic material for prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
P: cellular DNA, no membrane, genome is single chromosome
E: DNA in nucleus, has membrane, genome has several chromosomes
Cell Division in Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells
P: Binary fission
E: Mitosis + Meiosis
Reproduction for Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
P: Asexual
E: Sexual
Metabolism for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
P: Anaerobic - does not need O2 for energy production (cellular respiration)
E: Aerobic - Needs oxygen for energy production (cellular respiration)
What is a virus
A virus is a structure that contains RNA or DNA and is surrounded by a protective protein coating (capsid)
How to classify a virus
By capsid size and shape
4 shapes of a virus
helical, polyhedral, complex, and spherical
Are viruses alive
No - they cannot survive outside of their host cell “considered dormant” and its neither eukaryotic or prokaryotic - no cytoplasm, organelles, membranes
What are the 2 possible cycles
Lytic and Lysogenic
What is the Lytic cycle
Virus takes over host cell machinery to create virus proteins + nucleic acid.
Symptoms during this cycle as it destroys host cell
What is the Lysogenic cycle
virus integrates into the host cell DNA and then replicates “provirus” - no symptoms (dormant)
Replication pattern
can help explain symptoms in some viruses. In cold sores - appears in the lytic cycle and then is dormant in the lysogenic cycle
