Viruses

Question 1

virus structure

Answer 1

• may contain DNA/RNA surrounded by capsid
• May have a lipid bilayer

Question 2

Viral reproduction

Answer 2

• invade host cell and use machinery to replicate
  e.g. HIV, influenza, ebola

Question 3

Anti-viral drugs

Answer 3

• interfere with virus’ ability to replicate
• can be used to treat viral infections

Question 4

mitosis is used for…

Answer 4

growth & repair
repair of damaged tissues
replacement of old cells

Question 5

Biodiversity

Answer 5

Genetic diversity both between individuals within a species and between different species, as well as the variety of different ecosystems.

Question 6

Species richness

Answer 6

Number of different species in an area.

Question 7

Endemic species

Answer 7

Species found no where else (kangeroo, finches, lemurs)

Question 8

Relative species abundance

Answer 8

The relative numbers of the different types of organisms.

Question 9

Reasons for maintaining biodiversity

Answer 9

• denying future generations to use these renewable natural reasources
• natural world is a great source of pleasure for many people
• human activities and competition for habitat is seen as unethical
• mass extinctions that we are capable off is seen as unethical

Question 10

Ecosystem services

Answer 10

Provisioning services (ecosystems provide us with food, fibres for clothing, building mats)
Regulating services (maintain and regulate our environment)
Supporting services (support other ecosystem services that we need)
Cultural services (good for well-being, used for recreation and education)

Question 11

Ex-situ & in-situ conservation

Answer 11

Ex-situ = Outside of the natural habitat (zoos, seed banks)
In-situ = In the natural habitat of the organism.