Viruses Flashcards
(126 cards)
0
Q
Dengue family
A
Flaviviridae
1
Q
Dengue serotypes
A
4
2
Q
Dengue principal vector
A
Aedes aegypti
3
Q
Dengue Transmission. When?
A
Febrile viremic stage, after 8-12 days incubation
4
Q
DHF. Who usually gets it?
A
Primarily children under 15
5
Q
Dengue, pathognomonic sign?
A
None!
6
Q
Critical stage in dhf?
A
Defervescence, 24 hours before and after
7
Q
Critical stage dhf. What happens?
A
Circulatory collapse and hemorrhagic signs
8
Q
Thrombocytopenia
A
100,00/mm^3
9
Q
Normal platelet count
A
150,000/mm^3
10
Q
Test for increased capillary fragility
A
Tourniquet/Hess test
11
Q
DHF. Liver, characteristic cell
A
Councilman bodies
12
Q
Can dengue viruses cross the BBB?
A
Yes, on occasion
13
Q
DHF effect on RES?
A
Increased proliferation of RES cells
14
Q
Among the most common of human diseases
A
Viral respiratory infections
15
Q
Most common cause of respiratory infection
A
Rhinovirus
16
Q
Major cause of common cold
A
Rhinovirus
17
Q
Rhinovirus incubation period
A
1-2 days
18
Q
Counterpart of rhinovirus in children
A
Respiratory syncytial virus
19
Q
RSV lipid envelope proteins
A
G for attachment
F for fusion
20
Q
RSV incubation period
A
4-6 days
21
Q
Major respiratory pathogen of young children
A
Respiratory syncytial virus
22
Q
Rsv. More protective, serum antibody or nasal IgA?
A
Nasal IgA
23
Q
RSV management for some infants
A
Ribavirin
24
Ribavirin mode of action
Nucleoside analogue
25
RSV vs Rhinovirus
Serology is helpful in diagnosing RSV
26
Mumps virus
Paramyxoviridae
27
Mumps transmission
Respiratory droplets
28
Mumps usual presentation
Bilateral parotitis
29
Mumps. Aside from parotid glands, what else can swell?
Testis
| Pancreas
30
Measles other term
Rubeola
31
German measles other term
Rubella
32
Chickenpox and shingles
Varicella, varicella zoster
33
Viral infections with cutaneous manifestations
```
Measles
German measles
Chickenpox, shingles
Herpes simplex virus
Human papilloma viruses
Others- human parvovirus b19, smallpox
```
34
Reservoir for Rubella
Humans ONLY
35
Rubella route
CD46 of host to glycoprotein H of virus
| c3 convertase inactivator
36
Prominent involvement of Waldeyer's ring
Rubella
37
Measles rash product of which immunological cells
T cell reaction
| Cell mediated immunity
38
Hypermutated defective measles viruses, cant form envelope cause
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
| Measles inclusion body encephalitis
39
Pathognomonic of measles
Koplik spots
40
Koplik spots location
Near opening of Stensen's duct
41
Measles. Characteristic cells in lymphoid organs:
Warthin-Finkeldey cells
42
WF cells are?
Fusion of infected cells
43
Blotchy purplish generalized rash, runny nose, sore eyes
Measles
44
Rabies family
Lyssaviridae
45
Rabies stages
Prodrome
Neurologic phase
Coma
46
Rabies Viruses are taken up by what kind of nerve endings?
Unmyelinated
47
Rabies movement
Centripetal from axons to CNS then Centrifugal from CNS to various organs
48
Rabies settles where
Usually salivary glands
49
Rabies Histopath findings?
Almost none
| But some show Negri bodies
50
Pathognomonic of rabies
Negri bodies
51
Negri body pref. site of formation
Hippocampal neurons
52
Neurologic phase hydrophobia of rabies
Exaggerated respiratory tract protective reflex
53
Neurologic phase rabies symptoms
Furious and dumb, delirium, anxiety, agitation, paralysis
54
Polio family
Enterovirus
55
Polio major strains?
3
56
Ingredient of attenuated vaccine can revert to wild type, most pathogenic strain
Polio 3
57
Most virulent polio strain?
Polio 1
58
Strains present in vaccines for polio?
All 3
59
Killed, formalin fixed
Salk
60
Live, attenuated
Sabin
61
Kind of vaccine used in the Phil Expanded Program
Sabin, live attenuated
62
Less immunogenic vaccine
Salk
63
Polio first infects the?
Oropharynx
64
Polio stats invading CNS?
1/100
65
Stats, percent of symptomatic in polio infected population?
1%
66
Typical histo feature of acute poliomyelitis?
Neuronophagia
67
Destruction of nerve cells by phagocytes
Neuronophagia
68
Causes significant number of fetal death in utero
Parvovirus B19
69
Smallpox official repositories
CDC in the US
| Central Laboratory in Russia
70
Hand foot and mouth disease culprit
Coxsackie virus usually type A16
71
Coxsackie family
Picornaviridae
72
Coxsackie histo features
Intraepidermal spongiotic vesicles
73
Coxsackie pattern of presentation
Enanthem then exanthem
74
Rash on mucous membranes
Enanthem
75
Skin rash
Exanthem
76
Molluscum contagiosum family
Pox
77
Molluscum strains?
3
78
Molluscum histo feature in germinal layer of skin?
Molluscum body
79
Hyaline acidophilic granular massin molluscum contagiosum?
Molluscum body
80
Characteristic skin lesion, molluscum
Painless nodules with small whitish core (central umbilication)
81
Molluscum transmission
Direct body contact
Through fomites
Sexually
82
Herpes, #groups, #viruses?
3 groups of 9 viruses
83
Neurotropic alpha group
Hsv1 Hsv2 VZV
84
Lymphotropic beta group
CMV, HSV6, HSV7
85
Causes exanthema subitum
HSV6
86
Herpes Gamma group
EBV, HSV8 (Kaposi)
87
Viruses able to remain latent in their natural hosts- almost always recurring in later life
Herpes viruses
88
Herpes virus lesion, histo
Cowdry type A
89
Large pink to purple, contain intact and disrupted virions, push darkly stained host cell chromatin to edges of nucleus
Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions
90
Hsv3
Herpes zoster
91
Hsv4
Epstein barr
92
Hsv 5
Cmv
93
Hsv 8
Kaposi's Sarcoma
94
Major infectious cause of corneal blindness
HSV1
95
Major cause of fatal sporadic encephalitis
HSV1
96
Herpes in the genital tract?
Automatically tested for HIV
97
Genital herpes
Mostly HSV2, but may be present in HSV1
98
HSV1 and 2, replication site?
Skin and mucous membranes at site of entrance of virus
99
Hsv characteristic cell
Multinucleated (single nucleus which became polynucleated) giant HSV infected cell
100
Varicella initial infection in children
Chicken pox
101
Lethal systemic infection of VZVin immunocompromised hosts
Hemorrhagic varicella
102
Characteristic VZV histo
Nuclear inclusion bodies with groundglass appearance
103
EBV can cause?
Burkitt lymphoma
| Nasopharyngeal CA
104
EBV transmission
Human contact, saliva - kissing!
105
EBV infects which cells?
B cells
106
Two forms of infection of B cells
Minor - lytic
| Major - integration into genome
107
Proteins associated with EBV driven polyclonal activation and proliferation
EBNA2
| LMP1
108
Type of antibody which increases infectivity of EBV for B cells
IgA
109
Diagnosis EBV infection
Positive heterophil/ monospot test
| Atypical lymphcytosis
110
Absolute lyphocytosis criteria
12000-18000 cells per ml
60% lymphos
Many atypical
111
Cytomegalovirus devastating in what population?
Infants
| Immunocompromised people
112
Cmv infects and remains latent in?
WBCs
113
CMV histiocytes
With clear halos and large intranuclear inclusions
114
Most common neoplasm in aids patients
Kaposi's sarcoma
115
Kaposi antigen for staining
Factor VIII related stain
116
HPV common warts
1 2 4
117
HPV condylomata acuminata
6 10 11 40-45
118
HPV squamous cell dysplasias and CA
16, 18, 31
119
Transmission hpv
Direct contact
120
Hpv infected cells display a characteristic cytopathic effect
Koilocytosis
121
Large squamous cells with shrunken nuclei enveloped in large cytoplasmic vacuoles
Koilocytes
122
Condyloma lata
Syphilis, 2nd stage
123
Condyloma acuminata
HPV 6 10 11 40-4
124
Epithelial hyperplasia term
Acanthosis
125
Hyperchromic nucleus with perinuclear halo, squamous cell
Koilocyte
