Viruses

Question 1

What are the signs/Symptoms of Influenza?

Answer 1

Acute onset, Fever, HA, rhinorrhea, myalgia, fatigue, N/V/D, chills, respiratory involvement, encephalitis

Question 2

Pathogenesis of Influenza?

Answer 2

Orthomyxoyiridae, Negative-strand RNA virus, spherical, enveloped, spike projections for attachment, attaches to silica acid residues on host cells

Question 3

Diagnostics for Influenza?

Answer 3

Nasal swab, or wash, PCR

Question 4

What is the management of Influenza?

Answer 4

Vaccination, Tamiflu

Question 5

What causes variations in the Influenza?

Answer 5

Antigenic drift and antigenic shift

Question 6

What are the signs and symptoms for HPV?

Answer 6

Hyper plastic epithelial lesions, warts, laryngeal papillomas, oral infection, cervical cancer

Question 7

What is the management for HPV?

Answer 7

Removal of wart, interferon for laryngeal papillomas, vaccine for most common strains.

Question 8

Diagnostics for HPV?

Answer 8

Clinical Presentation, cervical swap, PCR

Question 9

Pathogenesis of HPV?

Answer 9

Wart formation(specificity for epithelial cells) activation of host cells, alteration of oncoprotein and antioncoprotesins, integration into host cell chromosome, non enveloped DNA virus

Question 10

What are the Clinical Manifestations of both HSV 1 and HSV 2?

Answer 10

Oral, Facial, Genital lesions, fever, malaise, HA, pharyngitis, ocular infections in newborns

Question 11

What is an exclusive clinical sign of HSV-2 primary infection?

Answer 11

aseptic meningitis

Question 12

What is a clinical sign of a reoccurrence of HSV-1?

Answer 12

Encephalitis

Question 13

What is the treatment for HSV-1 HSV-2?

Answer 13

Acyclovir or Valacyclovir suppress virus during reactivation and primary infection

Question 14

What type of infection is HSV 1/2?

Answer 14

Persistent latent infection

Question 15

How do you interpret serology for whether there is a current infection of HSV?

Answer 15

Look at IgM

Question 16

What is the pathogenesis of HSV?

Answer 16

Transmitted though mucous membranes, constant shedding even in latent period. Latent lay dormant in regional ganglia.

Question 17

Sign and symtoms of Estein-Barr Virus?

Answer 17

Infectious mononucleosis, pharyngitis, enlarged lymph nodes, fever, splenomegaly, hairy leukoplakia

Question 18

What is the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?

Answer 18

Causer neoplasm, spread by saliva, enveloped DNA virus

Question 19

How do you clinically diagnose Epstein- Barr Virus?

Answer 19

Atypical lymphocytes on blood smear, elevated liver enzymes, clinic presentation

Question 20

How do you treat Epstein-Barr virus?

Answer 20

Preventative antiviral not effective. Symptomatic treatment. Acyclovir may work for hairy leukoplakia

Question 21

What does Varicella Zoster virus cause?

Answer 21

-Chicken pox and shingles

Question 22

What are the signs and symptoms of VZV?

Answer 22

Vesicles all over body, enchepalitis, ataxia, bacterial infection, pneumonia, shingles is dermatomal.

Question 23

How is VSV contracted?

Answer 23

Airborne and causal contact

Question 24

How do you diagnose VSV?

Answer 24

Clinical assessment, lesion swabs for VZW PCR, culture, serum for VZW, IgG, IgM

Question 25

How do you treat VSV?

Answer 25

No treatment for chickenpox (shot), treatment with Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, prevention

Question 26

What are the signs and symptoms for HIV?

Answer 26

Weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, immune suppression, initial infection (flu like symptoms)

Question 27

How is HIV transmitted?

Answer 27

Through bodily fluid (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, pus, amniotic fluid)

Question 28

How do you clinically diagnose HIV?

Answer 28

CD4 count, viral load, EIA, ELISA, western blot,PCR

Question 29

What is the treatment for HIV?

Answer 29

Prevention, symptomatic treatment, multiple drug therapy to prolong life, early therapy