Viruses

Question 1

What kind of disease can be caused by adenoviruses (3 examples)?

Answer 1

pharyngitis, pneumonia, pertussis syndrome, pharyngoconjuctival fever, acute
haemorrhagic cystitis, gastroenteritis

Question 2

How can parvoviruses spread?

Answer 2

by respiratory droplets

Question 3

What kind of disease can be caused by parvoviruses (3 examples)?

Answer 3

erythema infectiosum, hydrops fetalis, aplastic anaemia

Question 4

What kind of diseases can be caused by high-risk group papillomaviruses?

Answer 4

cervix cancer, tumor in oral cavity

Question 5

What kind of diseases can be caused by low-risk group papillomaviruses?

Answer 5

condyloma acuminatum, warts

Question 6

What can JC and BK viruses cause? (1 example)

Answer 6

JC: progressive multifocal leucopathia (PML); BK: haemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy

Question 7

What can HHV1 (Herpes simplex virus 1) cause?

Answer 7

herpes labialis, herpes simplex dermatitis, eczema herpeticum, herpes gladiatorum,
herpetic whitlow

Question 8

What can HHV2 (Herpes simplex virus 2) cause?

Answer 8

herpes genitalis, neonatal herpes, encephalitis

Question 9

How can HHV1 and HHV2 infections treated?

Answer 9

by acyclovir

Question 10

What can VZV (Varicella Zooster virus) cause?

Answer 10

chickenpox and shingles

Question 11

How can chickenpox prevented?

Answer 11

By vaccine (live attenuated)

Question 12

What can EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) cause?

Answer 12

mononucleosis infectiosa, Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharingeal carcinoma, oral hairy
leucoplakia

Question 13

What can CMV (Cytomegalovirus) cause?

Answer 13

hepatitis, pancreatitis, pneumonitis, nephritis, myocarditis, encephalitis, chorioretinitis,
oesophagitis, colitis, congenital infections

Question 14

What can HHV-6 cause?

Answer 14

encephalitis, pneumonitis, chorioretinitis, exanthema subitum or roseola infantum

Question 15

What can HHV-7 cause?

Answer 15

encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, hepatitis, gastritis, lymphadenopathy, diarrhea, pityriasis
rosea

Question 16

What can HHV-8 cause?

Answer 16

Kaposi-sarcoma, lymphoma

Question 17

How can Hepatitis B virus spread?

Answer 17

by parenteral way, by sexual contact or perinatal

Question 18

How can Hepatitis B virus infection treated?

Answer 18

by interferon, by nucleotide analogues

Question 19

How can Molluscum contagiosum virus spread and what can cause?

Answer 19

by direct contact and cause benign tumor of the skin

Question 20

What can Poliovirus cause?

Answer 20

aseptic meningitis, poliomyelitis, post-polio syndrome

Question 21

What can Coxsackie A and B viruses cause?

Answer 21

A: herpangina, hand-foot-mouth disease, acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis
B: pleurodynia or Bronholm disease, myocarditis, pancreatitis

Question 22

What can Rhinoviruses cause?

Answer 22

sore throat, running nose, coughing

Question 23

How can Hepatitis A virus spread?

Answer 23

by fecal oral rout, by contaminated food, by contaminated water

Question 24

How can Caliciviruses spread and what can cause?

Answer 24

by fecal oral rout, by contaminated water, by aerosol. Can cause diarrhea vomiting.

Question 25

How can Rotaviruses spread and what can cause?

Answer 25

by faecal oral rout and can cause diarrhoea and vomiting

Question 26

How can Hepatitis E virus spread and what can cause?

Answer 26

by contaminated water, by raw pig and boar meat, rarely by blood transfusion and transplacental. Can cause acute hepatitis

Question 27

How can spread the causative agent of yellow fever?

Answer 27

by mosquito bite from human to human or from monkey to human.

Question 28

How can Hepatitis C virus spread?

Answer 28

by parenteral way, by blood, by tattooing

Question 29

Which population is at risk during the Rubella virus infection?

Answer 29

pregnant women because can cause in utero infections (congenital rubella syndrome)

Question 30

How can Influenza viruses spread and what can cause (3 examples)?

Answer 30

By respiratory droplets. Symptoms: high fever, fatigue, muscle pain, head ache, sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms.

Question 31

How can Morbillivirus spread and what can cause?

Answer 31

by respiratory droplets and can cause measles with exanthemas and Koplic spots

Question 32

What kind of complication may develop during measles?

Answer 32

pneumonia, encephalitis and SSPE: subacute sclerotizing panencephalitis

Question 33

How can Mumpsvirus spread and what are the symptoms?

Answer 33

by respiratory droplets. Symptoms are: inflammation of salivary gland, pancreatitis, orchitis, deafness

Question 34

What is the causative agent of rabies?

Answer 34

Lyssa virus

Question 35

How can rabies prevented?

Answer 35

by vaccine administered post exposure

Question 36

What is the treatment of HIV infection?

Answer 36

By combination of nucleotide analogue and protease inhibitors

Question 37

How can HTLV-1 spread?

Answer 37

by sexual contact, by blood and transplacental or by breast-feeding

Question 38

How can Dengue-fever virus spread?

Answer 38

by mosquito bite

Question 39

List two members of Flaviviruses.

Answer 39

Yellow-fever virus, Dengue-fever virus, tick born encephalitis virus, Zika-virus

Question 40

What does arbovirus mean?

Answer 40

arthropod born viruses.

Question 41

List two diseases caused by prions

Answer 41

kuru, fatal familiar insomnia, Creutzfeldt–Jacob-syndrome, bovine spongiform encephalitis