Viscera Flashcards
(146 cards)
1
Q
Fold of mucosa covering palatoglossus m.
A
palatoglossal fold
2
Q
Maxillary sinus
A
Drains into middle meatus infraorbital, ASA, MSA, PSA n.
3
Q
Paired cartilage of larynx
A
Corniculate arytnoid cuneiform
4
Q
epiglottis
A
leaf like, posterior to tongue
5
Q
Where does the nascolacrimal duct drain?
A
inferior meatus
6
Q
Arytenoid cartilage
A
a pyramid shaped cartilage located on the superior margin of the cricoid lamina each is connected to the epiglottis, thyroid cartilage
7
Q
Median Cricothyroid ligament
A
inferior margin of thyroid to the cricoid cartilage
8
Q
Palatopharyngeal fold
A
fold of mucosa covering the palatopharyngeus m.
9
Q
lingual n. to submandibular duct
A
superior and lateral to inferior and medial
10
Q
Fusion of inferior laminae in median plane “adams apple”
A
Laryngeal Prominence
11
Q
The ________ connects the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
A
lingual frenulum
12
Q
Cricoid cartilage
A
large posterior lamina and narrow anterior arch
13
Q
the _______ are small openings on either side of the lingual frenulum and open from the submandibular ducts.
A
Sublingual papilla
14
Q
Boundaries of oral cavity
A
Cheeks, lips, hard palate, mucosa over mylohyoid palatoglossal arch
15
Q
Salpingopharngeal fold
A
Fold just posterior of uvula and posterior-inferior of pharyngotympanic opening
16
Q
what is sound resonator?
A
airway
17
Q
Superior Cornu
A
the rounded, superior projection of the posterior border of the thyroid lamina
18
Q
Inferior cornu
A
posterior laminae border of thyroid cartilage. articulates with cricoid cartilage
19
Q
what are the small openings on anterior portion of oral cavity that contain sublingual ducts?
A
sublingual folds
20
Q
what bones make up the lateral nasal cavity?
A
Ethmoid, sphenoid, palatine, maxilla nasal bone
21
Q
Posterior cricoid cartilage
A
lamina
22
Q
Arytnoid
A
shaped like pyramid perched ons superior aspect of lamina of cricoid cart 2 processes: vocal and muscular
23
Q
What is the promotory?
A
first turn of chochlea medial wall of middle ear that the nerves rest on.
24
Q
Laryngeal cavity inferior to vocal folds
A
Infraglottic cavity
25
Parotid gland
located anterior to each ear. Produces saliva and delivers that saliva into the mouth via parotid ducts
26
Posterior cricoarytenoid
from lamina of cricoid cart to muscular process of arytnoid. Causes rotation of artynoid and abduct vocal folds
27
Oral cavity propper
from inner teeth to palatoglossal fold
28
Salpingopharyngeal fold
salpingopharyngeal fold contains the salpingopharyngeus m.
29
Thyrohyoid membrane
Superior border and superior cornu of thyroid cartilage attaches to the hyoid.
30
Circothryoid lig
Median and lateral, from cricoid cart and thryoid cart anteriorly
31
purpose of concha
stir up air to get the small to the olfactory neurons increase surface to warm air and add moisture
32
Thyroid cart
left and right lamina that fuse along midline with superior and inferior cornu (more lateral aspect)
33
Sphenoethmoidal recess
opening for sphenoid sinus lies superior posterior to superior concha
34
Root of tongue
attaches to posterior portion of mandibule nearly vertical between mandible and hyoid
35
Where does the maxillary sinus drain?
Middle meatus
36
Sublingual papilla
openings from submandibular ducts found on each side of lingual frenulum
37
what is sound source on larynx?
vocal folds
38
posterior ethmoidal air cells
drains into superior meatus posterior ethmoidal n.
39
Oropharyngeal isthmus
part of the oropharynx directly behind the mouth cavity, bounded superiorly by the soft palate, laterally by the palatoglossal arches, and inferiorly by the tongue.
40
Ceniform Carilage
paired cartilages that sit on top of and move with the arytenoids. They are located above and in front of the corniculate cartilages Covered by the aryepiglottic folds
41
Thyroid laminae
a broad flat plate of cartilage forming one side of the thyroid cartilage; two laminae fuse anteriorly in the midline to form the thyroid cartilage
42
Inferior metaus
opening of nasolacrimal duct
43
Where do the anterior air cells drain?
Middle meatus just posterior to ethmoidal bulla
44
What is covered by aryepiglottic folds?
cuneiform cartilage
45
what direction does muscular process on arytnoid face?
laterally
46
four small endocrine glands located on the posterior surface of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
47
what bones make up the nasal septum?
Ethmoid perpendicular plate, Vomer, part of palatine, maxilla, and septal cartilage
48
Sublingual folds
small folds on anterior portion of oral cavity floor that contain sublingual ducts
49
Why do men have an adams apple?
before puberty, thyroid cartilage is the same size between men and women Testosterone causes an increase in thyroid cartilage growth
50
Tongue/larynx in chimps and humans
In humans, tongue is much larger. Thus, when we move our heads upward, there isn't enough room for larynx to be so high, so it much drop lower. greater risk of choking, but increased verbalization capability
51
Aryepiglottic folds
Cover the Cuneiform cartilage and are inferior and lateral to epiglottis
52
Vocal Folds
Control sound production projects medially into laryngeal cavity
53
Pharyngeal tonsil
a mass of lymphatic tissue situated posterior to the nasal cavity, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat.
54
what types of teeth do we have?
3 molars 2 premolars 1 canine 2 incisors one ach dise and top and bottom
55
why do men have a lower voice?
vocal lig are attached to the thyroid cargilate and causes a lower pitched voice
56
Infraglottic Cavity
Laryngeal cavity inferior to vocal folds
57
Ligament attaching between thyroid cart and hyoid
thyrohyoid membrane
58
what is your adams apple called?
laryngeal prominence
59
Can humans drink and break at same time?
Yes as infants because epiglottis is touching soft palate
60
Where do the posterior air cells drain?
superior metaus
61
Pharyngeal recess
posterior to the salpingopharyngeal fold
62
Function of larynx
voice porduction guard air passages and serves as sphincter or valve during swallowing
63
Ventricle of Larynx
laryngeal cavity between vestibular and vocal folds
64
Forces inspiration vocal folds
vocal folds abducted vestibule open
65
Inner ear
stimulus transduction from mechanical mvmt of petrous temporal bone into action potentials
66
glottis
space between vocal folds into infraglottic cavity of larynx
67
Superior border and superior cornu of thyroid cartilage attaches to the hyoid
Thyrohyoid membrane
68
What are the three salivary glands?
Parotid sublingual submandibular
69
Purpose of sinuses?
Keep the weight of the frontal aspect of the skull light to keep our head upright
70
submandibular gland.
Along mandible,located superior and deep to mylohyoid has opening into sub-mandibular duct produces saliva
71
Ethmoidal air cells
Most middle and anterior of the sinuses anterior grow overtime into the frontal bone to create the frontal sinus
72
fold of mucosa covering the palatopharyngeus m.
Palatopharyngeal fold
73
what is the order of the inner ear bones from laterally to medially?
Malleus, incus, stapes
74
What forms the borders of the laryngeal inlet
Cuneiform cart (latera) Corniculate Cart (posterior) epiglottis (anerior)
75
ring shaped cartilage inferior to thyroid cartilage on trachea thicker and stronger than thryoid
Cricoid cartilage
76
Ludwig's Angina
Infection of floor of oral cavity, under tongue associated with lower tooth abscess
77
what extends between thyroid and arytenoid cartilage?
Vestibular folds
78
Paranasal Sinuses
outgrowths of nasal epithelium mucosa onto adjacent bones
79
Spread of infection from the mouth
Can invade into the submandibular fossa also can spread via the stylogossus m. into the parapharyngeal space and retropharyngeal space and into mediastinsum
80
a small cartilage located on the apex of the arytenoid cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
81
Lingual frenulum
Connects tongue to the floor of oral cavity
82
Corniculate cartilage
very tip of arytnoid cart
83
Piriform Recess
Piriform Recess a depression on either side of the laryngeal inlet - a location where foreign bodies (steak, hot dogs, etc.) frequently lodge and can obstruct the flow of air!
84
inferior margin of thyroid to the cricoid cartilage
Median cricothyroid ligament
85
posterior laminae border of thyroid cartilage. articulates with cricoid cartilage
Inferior Cornu
86
Phonation vocal folds
Vocal folds adducted vestibule open
87
how is auditory signal amplified in middle ear?
large tympanic membrane to the small oval window
88
Action of Cricothyroid
extends from cricoid cart to thyroid cart moves thyroid anteriorly to tense vocal ligament and increase pitch
89
Crown of tooth
the part that sicks out of the gums
90
Middle ethmoidal air cells
drains into middle meatus vis hiatus semilunaris anterior and posterior ethmoidal n.
91
extends between vocal folds and superior border of cricoid cartilage
lateral circothyroid ligament
92
How is impedence mismatch overcome in hearing?
incus, stapes, and malleus are arranged thighly and movement of tympanic membrane amplified movement of these bones.
93
Vestibule of largynx
laryngeal cavity superior to vestibular folds
94
Middle ear
amp and impedance matching between air and water
95
laryngeal cavity between vestibular and vocal folds
Ventricle of larynx
96
What direction does vocal process on artynoid face?
anteriorly
97
part of the oropharynx directly behind the mouth cavity, bounded superiorly by the soft palate, laterally by the palatoglossal arches, and inferiorly by the tongue.
Oropharyngeal isthmus
98
where do the sphenoidal sinuses drain?
sphenoethmoidal recess
99
Cuneiform cartilage
small cartilaginous nodule located in the aryepiglottic fold
100
Vestibule of oral cavity
Space between lips, cheeks, teeth and associated gingiva
101
Corniculate cartilage
a small cartilage located on the apex of the arytenoid cartilage Found at base of aryepiglottic fold
102
where does thyroid cart articulate with circoid?
inferior cornu of thyroid
103
laryngeal cavity superior to vestibular folds
vestibule of larynx
104
a pyramid shaped cartilage located on the superior margin of the cricoid lamina
Arytenoid Cartilage
105
Where does the Frontal Sinus Drain?
Into the middle meatus
106
cricoid cartilage
the inferior & posterior cartilage of the larynx; it forms a complete cartilaginous ring; its arch projects anteriorly and its lamina is broad and flat posteriorly
107
Angles that point posteriorly on tongue towards the foramen caecum
sulcus terminalis
108
External ear
sound collection, transmission to cranium and amplification
109
Thryoarytenoid m.
mist medial and slacks tightened vocal cord to change ptich
110
Transverse and Oblique arytenoid m. actions
Contractions and glides medially to tighten vestibule of larynx
111
Effort closure of vocal folds
vocal folds cosed vestibular folds closed
112
Where do the Middle air cells drain?
Middle meatus just anterior to ethmoidal bulla
113
Palatoglossal fold
Fold of mucosa covering palatoglossus m. connecting soft palate to tongue
114
ducts of sublingual gland
there are lots of small ducts instead of one large one
115
Process of mucus in the nose
Epithelium is cilliated with globules that produce mucus Dust and air gest stuck in the mucus cilia beats mucus in posterior direction where it is swallowed
116
Parathyroid gland
four small endocrine glands located on the posterior surface of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland
117
Frontal sinus
drains middel meatus vis fonto-nasal duct innervated by supraorbital n.
118
small cartilaginous nodule located in the aryepiglottic fold
cuneiform cartilage
119
what cartilage sits on the arytnoid caart
Corniculate
120
what defines the velleculae space?
medial and lateral glossoepiglossal folds
121
Sphenoidal sinus
drains sphenoethmoidal recess posterior ethmoideal n.
122
Sublingual gland
found on flood between mandible and genioglossus m. produces saliva
123
Thyroid cartialge
sits in front of larynx and superior to thyroid gland Contains an inferior cornu and superior cornu
124
movement of arytnoid cart?
A/P, L/M, and rotate laterally
125
what is sound radiator?
mouth
126
Median glossoepiglottic fold
fold of mucosa located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis
127
Three unpaired cartilage of larynx?
epiglottis thryoid cart cricoid cart
128
small divit in the back of the tongue that has sulcus terminalis leading to it.
foramen caecum
129
fold of mucosa located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis
median glossoepiglottic fold
130
Anterior ethmoidal air cells
Drain into middle meatus via froto-nasal duct innervated by anterior ethmoidal n.
131
Swallowing
1) Tongue moves bolus posteriorly by styloglossus contraction, palate elevated by levator palatini, tensor palatini prevents too much upward movement, superior contstrictor prevents movement into nasopharynx 2) palatoglossal contracts to project bolus into valleculae 3) hyoid bone elevated towards chin forces epiglottis downward 4) vocal folds and vestibular folds are adducted to shut of laryngeal inlet, bolus is deflected from voleculla and down piriform recess and into exophagus
132
Superior meatus
openings to posterior ethmoidal cells narrow passage between superior and middle nasal conchae
133
Toris tube
Cartilaginous end of auditory tube
134
Small bumps on the back of the tongue
lingual tonsils
135
Middle metaus
opening of ethmoidal air cells opening of nasofrontal duct haitus semilunarus opening (ostium) of maxillary sinus
136
Why is the cavernous sinus connected to our nose?
Originally, animals needed to run long distances and the CS was a means of cooling blood before it reached the brain.
137
depression on either side of the laryngeal inlet
Piriform Recess
138
Anterior cricoid cartilage
arch
139
Lateral circoarytnoid m.
lateral aspcect of cricoid cart to muscular process of aryntoid to rotate and adduct vocal folds
140
Vestibular folds
extend between thyroid and arytenoid cartilage
141
Path of submandbiular gland
wraps around posterior border to mylohyoid and opens in sublingual caruncle
142
posterior to the salpingopharyngeal fold
pharyngeal recess
143
Laryngeal prominence
Fusion of inferior laminae in median plane "adams apple"
144
Vestibular folds
False folds, just superior to vocal folds
145
Vocal folds in quiet respiration
open relaxed
146
where doe the submandibular ducts open into the mouth
sublingual caruncle, just lateral of frenulum of tongue
