Viscera (Exam 2)

Question 1

Esophagus to the Rectum - GO

Answer 1

Esophagus -> cardiac portion of stomach -> fundus -> body -> pyloric portion -> pylorus (sphincter) -> duodenum -> cranial duodenal flexure -> descending duodenum -> caudal duodenal flexure -> ascending duodenum -> duodenaljejunal flexure -> jejunum -> ileum -> ileocolic orifice -> cecum -> cecocolic orifice -> ascending colon -> right colic flexure -> transverse colon -> left colic flexure -> descending colon -> rectum

Question 2

Lobes of the liver R to L

Answer 2

R lateral, R medial, Quadrate, L medial, L lateral, Caudal

Question 3

Where does the gallbladder reside

Answer 3

between the R median and quadrate lobes of the liver

Question 4

What is the suspensory ligament of the uterus and why is it clinically important?

Answer 4

It holds the ovary in a relatively fixed position. This ligament must be freed from the body wall in oviohysterectomy (spay)

Question 5

What is the proper ligament of the ovary?

Answer 5

attaches the ovary to the cranial end of the uterine horn

Question 6

What are the broad ligaments of the uterus?

Answer 6

peritoneal folds on each side that attach to the lateral sublumbar region. They suspend the internal genetialia (except the caudal part of the vagina)

Question 7

Which kidney is more cranial? R or L?

Answer 7

The R kidney

Question 8

What is the hilus of the kidney?

Answer 8

where the renal vessels and nerves and the ureter communicate with the organ

Question 9

Which is more central in a kidney- the medulla or the renal cortex?

Answer 9

the medulla

Question 10

What is the renal crest of the kidney?

Answer 10

where collecting tubules excrete urine into the renal pelvis

Question 11

What is the renal pelvis of the kidney?

Answer 11

the expanded portion of the ureter

Question 12

What is the renal sinus of the kidney?

Answer 12

the fat filled space that contains the renal vessels and surrounds the renal pelvis

Question 13

Where does the bile duct enter?
Where does it terminate?

Answer 13

enters the descending duodenum, terminates on the major duodenal papilla next to the pancreatic duct

Question 14

The pericardial cavity lies between which of these layers?
a. pericardial mediastinal pleura
b. parietal serous pericardium
c. fibrous percardium
d. epicardium (visceral serous pericardium)

Answer 14

b and d

Question 15

During a physical exam on a dog you palpate a somewhat moveable, fairly firm, ovoid 2 cm structure located deep to the deep pectoral muscle. Based on your knowledge of gross anatomy you identify the structure as the ? lymph node .

Answer 15

axillary

Question 16

In a normal animal, which of the following would you expect to find in the pleural cavity?
a. the esophagus
b. the heart
c. the lungs and trachea
d. a small amount of serous fluid

Answer 16

d

Question 17

You are presented with an animal with severely decreased blood pressure due to blood loss, which is making it virtually impossible to use a peripheral vein for venipuncture.
To give this animal an injection as part of the emergency treatment, you resort to an injection directly into the right ventricle, taking advantage of the __?__ between adjacent right lung lobes.

Answer 17

cardiac notch

Question 18

The second heart sound, S2, occurs at what point during the cardiac cycle?

Answer 18

when the aortic and pulmonic valves are closed

Question 19

The heart sound, S1, occurs at what point of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 19

When the AV valves close

Question 20

Which valves open and close during diastole?

Answer 20

AV valves open
Aortic and Pulmonic valves close

Question 21

Which valves open and close during systole?

Answer 21

AV valves close
Aortic and Pulmona valves open

Question 22

What happens during diastole?

Answer 22

atria and ventricles fill

Question 23

What happens during systole?

Answer 23

ventricles contract