Vision

Question 1

The lens of the eye _______ when the ciliary muscles contract

Answer 1

fattens up (strengthens)

Question 2

an unsightly and painful swelling resulting from an infected tarsal gland

Answer 2

chalazion

Question 3

maximum color of acuity (sharpness of color vision) in the eye occurs when light is focused upon the

Answer 3

fovea centralis

Question 4

an infection of any of the smaller glands of the eyelids (glands other than the tarsal glands)

Answer 4

sty

Question 5

the region of the retina with the greatest density of cones

Answer 5

fovea centralis

Question 6

a condition wherein the extrinsic eye muscles are not perfectly coordinated aka. double vision

Answer 6

diplopia

Question 7

produces aqueous humor

Answer 7

ciliary body

Question 8

a congenital weakness of one or more extrinsic eye muscles; typically the affected eye rotates medially or laterally is functionally blind

Answer 8

strabismus

Question 9

photoreceptors which respond to differences in color

Answer 9

cones

Question 10

a condition wherein the production of aqueous humor exceeds the drainage, so that intraocular pressures rise as aqueous humor accumulates

Answer 10

glaucoma

Question 11

the process of vision is made possible because of a change in the conformation of a molecule called retinal, which is a derivative of vitamin

Answer 11

Vitamin A

Question 12

a condition wherein salt and water enter the lens, disrupting the crystal-like packing of its proteins and clouding the lens itself

Answer 12

cataracts

Question 13

the component on the optical path of the eye which provides the greatest amount of light-bending power.

Answer 13

cornea

Question 14

an eye disorder where either the eyeball is too long (oblong) or the lens is too stong

Answer 14

myopia

Question 15

fills the posterior segment of the eye

Answer 15

vitreous humor

Question 16

photoreceptors which respond to differences in brightness

Answer 16

rods

Question 17

a gelatinous substance which is formed in the embryonic stage; it is not replenished during adult life

Answer 17

vitreous humor

Question 18

an eye disorder where either the eyeball is too short (compressed) or the lens is too weak

Answer 18

hyperopia

Question 19

is continually made and circulated during life; it is collected from the eye by the canals of Schlemm

Answer 19

aqueous

Question 20

drain aqueous humor from the eyes

Answer 20

canals of Schelmm

Question 21

sympathetic influence causes the pupils to

Answer 21

dilate

Question 22

single muscle most directly responsible for medial tracking of the eye

Answer 22

medial rectus

Question 23

this nerve innervates 4 of the 6 extrinsic eye muscles

Answer 23

oculomotor

Question 24

the outermost layer of the eye

Answer 24

the fibrous tunic

Question 25

the innermost layer of the eye

Answer 25

the sensory tunic

Question 26

is part of the fibrous tunic of the eye

Answer 26

the sclera

Question 27

another name for the sensory tunic of the eye

Answer 27

retina

Question 28

the lens of the eye _______ under the influence of increasing parasympathetic activity

Answer 28

fattens up

Question 29

a common eye condition commonly experienced by elderly people

Answer 29

presbyopia

Question 30

a visual disturbance commonly caused by tumors of or near the pituitary gland

Answer 30

hemianopsia

Question 31

small fleshy protrusion from the medial canthus, produces a secretion which may dry during sleep to form 'sandman's eyesand'

Answer 31

caruncle

Question 32

modified sebaceous glands lying in vertical columns in the eyelids and producing an oily secretion that lubricates the eyelids and helps prevent them from sticking

Answer 32

tarsal glands

Question 33

region of the retina with the greatest visual acuity

Answer 33

fovea centralis

Question 34

refers to pupillary dilation

Answer 34

mydriasis

Question 35

refers to pupillary constriction

Answer 35

miosis

Question 36

the two layers comprising the sensory tunic (retina) of the eye

Answer 36

neural and pigmented

Question 37

a transparent membrane lining the anterior eye

Answer 37

conjunctiva

Question 38

a congenital weakness of one or more extrinsic eye muscles; typically the affected eye rotates medially or laterally, and its visual input is ignored by the brain

Answer 38

strabismus

Question 39

an eye disorder, more common in older adults, where the lens has become inflexible

Answer 39

presbyopia

Question 40

a refractive eye disorder where the lens is too weak (the eyeball is to short)

Answer 40

hyperopia

Question 41

refers to the loss of vision in about half of the visual field in one or both eyes

Answer 41

hemianopsia

Question 42

refers to complete blindness in one or both eyes

Answer 42

anopsia

Question 43

paired openings at the medial canthus of the each eye, visible as two small dots-- through which accumulated tears drain into the lacrimal canals

Answer 43

lacrimal punctae

Question 44

a refractive eye disorder where the lens is too strong (the eyeball is too long; oblong)

Answer 44

myopia

Question 45

a skeletal muscle involved in raising the upper eyelid

Answer 45

levator palpabrae superioris

Question 46

a small slip of smooth muscle controlled by sympathetic neurons and assists m. levator palpabrae superioris in lifting the upper eyelid

Answer 46

superior tarsal muscle

Question 47

common name for infectious conjunctivitis

Answer 47

pinkeye

Question 48

the process by which the focal length of the eye is changed in order to allow focus on close objects

Answer 48

accommodation

Question 49

found in many Asians, is a flap of skin that appears near the medial canthus and sometimes covers it

Answer 49

epicanthic fold

Question 50

the space created as the ocular conjunctiva reflects back (folds back) over the palpebral conjunctiva

Answer 50

conjunctival sac

Question 51

the part of the retina with the highest visual acuity

Answer 51

fovea centralis

Question 52

contains smooth muscles which control the amount of light entering the eye

Answer 52

iris

Question 53

a clear part of the eye which contains no vascular tissue and which provides most of the refractive power for focusing

Answer 53

cornea

Question 54

the blind spot of the eye, where nerves and blood vessels pass from the interior to the exterior of the eye

Answer 54

optic disc

Question 55

highly vasculated layer which provides nutrition to the other layers around it

Answer 55

choroid

Question 56

a clear, flexible eye part on the optic path which is critical for accommodation

Answer 56

lens

Question 57

smooth muscles which control lens shape

Answer 57

ciliary muscles

Question 58

tough covering for eye; continuous with dura matter around brain

Answer 58

sclera

Question 59

the sensory tunic containing both the neural and the pigmented layers of the eye

Answer 59

retina

Question 60

contains the ciliary muscles and the ciliary process; the latter are responsible for secreting aqueous humor

Answer 60

ciliary body