Visual art Flashcards
what is art for name 9 things
- portraits
- record a scene
- record an event
- illustrate a story
- magical or spiritual purpose
- symbolism
- decorative
- express your opinion / felling
- experiment / have fun
what types of pictures are there name 8 of them
- life-drawing
- portraiture (self + group)
- landscape … seascape … cityscape
- still-life
- decoration
- graffiti
- technical
- cartoon
what happened during the renaissance and when and where was it
‘rebirth’ search for knowledge in everything: maths; medical; botanical, astronomical, architectural
- for art new: techniques + materials developed ; painting & sculpting more realistic
it was in Italy 15th C
Describe Leonardo Da Vinci
Paintings:
- Mona lisa (la Gianconda)
- The Last Supper
- Virtruvian man
Style:
- used lighting & shadows to create 3D
- colour realistic
- background, colour fades for feeling of space & depth
Describe Michelangelo
Paintings:
- David
- painting of the Sistine Chapel (creation of Adam)
Style:
He perfected portrayal details of muscles, veins, bones
} human body
Describe Botticelli
Paintings:
- The Birth of Venus
Style:
- beautiful people, themes of myths
Describe Rembrandt Van Rhijn
he was Dutch in the 1600 s (1606)
Paintings:
- Belshazzar’s feast
- The Nightwatch
Style:
-used dramatic lighting, light and dark to change emotions
Describe Francisco Goya
he was Spanish from 1746 - 1828 (political + social upheaval)
Paintings:
- 3RD May 1808
grim reality of war / violence
Describe Eugene Delacroix
he was French 1798 - 1863
Paintings:
- Liberty leading the people (1830 revolution) symbolism + drama
Style:
- passion + violence
what happened in the 19th century
many new art movements
- because of new materials + scientific theories, also worked together in groups
what happened in the late 1800’s
trend to paint outdoors
- effect of sunlight
- ‘sketchy’ effect
Who were the Impressionism artists and describe them
1 - Renoir: French 1841 - 1919
Paintings:
- Boating Party (landscapes)
- Boat on Seine
2 - Monet: French 1840 - 1926
Paintings:
- Waterlilies (painted reflections + dappled light on pond)
who were the post-impressionism artists and describe them
1 - Paul Cezanne: French 1839 - 1906
Style:
- applied colour in shapes- squares, triangles, cylinders (geometric shapes)
- started breaking up colour
- painted still-lifes + landscapes
2 - Paul Gauguin: French 1848 - 1903
Style:
- Tahiti ‘primitive’ themes, often used symbols
- strong bold colour, flowing rhythms to shapes
3 - Vincent Van Gogh: Dutch 1853 - 1890
Paintings:
- Starry night
- Crows over the wheatfield
- Sunflowers
Style:
- Strong, bright colour + thick brushstrokes
when and what was expressionism
during / towards the end of Vincent Van Gogh life. after post impressionism.
Expressionism was expressing feelings / state of mind through use of colour, paint application etc.
describe Pablo Picasso, include his different periods, paintings in those periods and the styles
he was Spanish 1881 - 1973 (he was known as the ‘Father of Cubism’
Blue Period: 1901 - 1904
- used blue + grey shades, doleful subject matter - poor, lonely people
Paintings:
- ‘poor people on seashore.’
Rose Period: 1904 - 1906
- more optimistic feel - used warmer shades of pinks, yellow, reds
- painted family scenes, circus people
African influence: 1907
- use of masks, 2D figures
IN 1907 he painted painting called ‘Les Demoiselles d’Avignon’
NB:- Broke with convention
- breaks myth of feminine beauty
- flattened shapes, 2D, no perspective
- figures - made up geometric distortion
THIS LEADS TO NEW STYLE, CUBISM
- abstract
- show multiple angles at same time
- made up of geometric shapes (broken up and put together again)
- often distorted
IN 1937 he painted painting called Guernica
- it expressed the pain + horror of war
- distortion of bodies, sharp, jagged shapes - add to pain + violence
- white, black, grey (absence of colour = absence of life); also, contrast of sharp white shapes = explosions
composition made up of JUMBLED-UP shapes - emphasizes the chaos + violence - use symbolic images (bull, eye, horse, broken sword…)
what and when was Baroque and which artist were involved in it
after Renaissance, 17th C Europe … style = ‘BAROQUE’ - dramatic & emotional scenes
Artists:
- Rembrandt Van Rijn
- Francisco Goya
- Eugene Delacroix
who were the renaissance artists
- Leonardo Da Vinci
- Michelangelo (Buonarotti)
- Botticelli
what was surrealism and describe the 2 artists that were involved in it
surrealism:
- dream like images from the subconscious
- confused reality
Artists:
1 - Frida Kahlo - Mexican 1907 - 1954
Paintings:
- Self-portrait with Torn Necklace
- The Broken Column
2 - Salvador Dalí - Spanish 1904 - 1989
Paintings:
- Persistence of memory
Name the 5 South African artists and describe them
1 - Gerard Sekoto 1913 - 1993
born in Transvaal, died in France
- painted scenes of ordinary, everyday life - his life in the SA of the time ( showed people struggling under terrible conditions)
Style: Social realism
- he used colour expressively especially yellow.
- he made many pencil and charcoal sketches that he later developed into paintings
1942 - lived in District 6, Cape Town
1947 - left for Paris (first played jazz piano to make a living)
Paintings:
- Self Portrait
- Song of the pickaxe
- Houses District 6, 1943
2 - George Pemba 1912 - 2001
born in Port Elizabeth, Xhosa heritage
- trained as a teacher
- 1950’s apartheid era… saw daily struggles of his people, living conditions
- painted township scenes, also funerals, political gatherings, murders.
- 1980’s - got artistic recognition - due to his talent and determination
Paintings:
- Street scene in township
- Woman in Fields
- Terror
3 - Irma Stern 1894 - 1966
born in Transvaal, of Jewish-German parents
Anglo-Boer war, father took family back to Germany, Irma educated there, exposed to trends there
1920 - returned to SA
- Anti-Germany (horrors of war)
- Romanticised Africa, travelled to Congo, Zanzibar
- Had a fresh outlook on different cultures (unconventional)
- Not accepted by SA public (govt) … why?
Subject:
- people - all complexions and occupations
- fruit, flowers, landscapes of different places in Africa
Style:
- Expressionist (Van Gogh brushstrokes, intense, bold colour)
- Cubist - unusual angle, stylized figures
4 - Vladimir Tretchikoff 1913 - 2006
born in Russia, died in Cape Town
Very CONTROVERSIAL… good business man - he gave the public what they wanted
- self-taught
- painted realistic figures, often with greenish-blue… Fantasy element to picture?
- Art critics - ‘King of Kitsch’ ie not unique, a “worn-out” image, sentimental, not original…
- his technique was refined, practised, but his subject matter?
Paintings
- Chinese Girl
- Dying Swan
5 - Peter Clarke
born 1929 in Simonstown, died 2014 in Cape Town
Son of dock-worker and domestic worker, from a young boy always drawing people around him and seascapes
left school early, Apartheid system did not provide for art education in non-White schools.
forced removals to apartheid township of Oceanview
his work focusses on the segregation and harsh life of the Cape Flats. he was very community-minded
“my art is about people…”
he studied at:
- Michaelis (UCT)
- Amsterdam
- Norway
- USA
what is art for, give 7 examples and with each one indicate a painting that falls under this category
to record an event - Guernica, Last Supper, 3RD of May, Creation of Adam
for portraits - Mona Lisa
Illustrate a story - Sistine Chapel, Birth of Venus, cartoons, comics
recording a scene - any landscape scene / pictures
magical or spiritual purposes - Last Supper, San rock art, religious paintings
Decoration - Ndabele pictures, art in homes, graffiti
Have fun, experiment with media - schools, Jackson Pollock - Action paining
what is art for, give 7 examples and with each one indicate a painting that falls under this category
to record an event - Guernica, Last Supper, 3RD of May, Creation of Adam
for portraits - Mona Lisa
Illustrate a story - Sistine Chapel, Birth of Venus, cartoons, comics
recording a scene - any landscape scene / pictures
magical or spiritual purposes - Last Supper, San rock art, religious paintings
Decoration - Ndabele pictures, art in homes, graffiti
Have fun, experiment with media - schools, Jackson Pollock - Action paining
name 10 crafts made locally and what are crafts
crafts - handmade objects
- wire works
- woodwork
- bead work
- recycled things
- clay work
- mosaics
- jewellery
- sewing
- crocheting
- metalwork
