Visual Labs & Diagnostics

Question 1

What is the function of the pupil?

Answer 1

It is a big hole on the front of the eyeball that allows light to get in

Question 2

What is the purpose of the lens?

Answer 2

It helps with accommodation.

Question 3

What is the purpose of the cornea?

Answer 3

It protects the inside structures of the eye with a coated covering.

Question 4

This part of the eye is pale and loses the line of demarcation when the patient is anemic:

Answer 4

Conjunctiva

Question 5

Thin, wet, tissue-like consistency describes what part of the eye?

Answer 5

Retina

Question 6

What is the purpose of the retina?

Answer 6

To receive and organize visual information

Question 7

What covers the back of the eyeball?

Answer 7

the retina

Question 8

The vitreous body (humor) sits between what two parts of the eye?

Answer 8

the lens and the retina. It is a clear gel tissue.

Question 9

Visual Acuity Testing measures:

a. Far vision
b. Near & Far vision
c. Near vision
d. Peripheral vision

Answer 9

b. Near & Far vision

Question 10

Name the 2 types of Visual Acuity Testing

Answer 10

Snellen Chart

Miniature Eye chart (pocket chart)

Question 11

Snellen Chart testing measures what type of vision?

Answer 11

Far vision

Question 12

How far away do you read the letters on the chart?

Answer 12

20 feet

Question 13

What does 20/50 vision indicate?

Answer 13

a patient can see at 20 feet from the chart what a healthy eye sees at 50 feet.

Question 14

What eyesight vision is preferred?

Answer 14

20/20 vision

Question 15

The miniature eye chart measures Far vision:

True or False

Answer 15

False. It measures near vision

Question 16

How far is the miniature eye chart/pocket chart held from the eye?

a. 6 inches
b. 20 inches
c. 14 inches
d. 16 inches

Answer 16

c. 14 inches from the eyes

Question 17

Name the 3 candidates for a Visual Acuity test:

Answer 17

1. Patient needing a routine screening
2. Patient with cataracts
3. Patient with retinal detachment

Question 18

This test allows the view into the fundus of the eye:

Answer 18

Ophthalmoscopy

Question 19

What can be seen using an ophthalmoscope?

Answer 19

• Red reflex
• Optic disc
• Optic blood vessels
• Fundus
• Macula

Question 20

Describe the procedure for an Ophthalmoscopy

Answer 20

• Darken room to dilate the pupil
• Move the ophthalmoscope in from 12-15in away and move to the side of patient’s line of vision

Question 21

Name 2 candidates for an ophthalmoscopy:

Answer 21

1. Patients in for a routine exam
2. Patient with Glaucoma

Question 22

What test might one see “optic disc cupping” ?

Answer 22

Ophthalmoscopy (a patient with Glaucoma)

Question 23

In a patient with glaucoma, the optic disc cup gets _____.

a. smaller
b. larger

Answer 23

b. larger

Question 24

This test quantifies vision loss associated with light scatter:

Answer 24

Glare Testing

Question 25

Glare testing can be done for patients who have trouble with what kind of vision issues?

Answer 25

Driving at night or in the rain because of the glare it can cause coming from headlights

Question 26

Name 1 candidate for Glare testing:

Answer 26

a patient with cataracts

Question 27

This vision test magnifies the anterior eye structures with a low powered microscope: a. Snellen chart test b. Goniscopy c. IOP testing d. Slit Lamp Test

Answer 27

d. Slit Lamp test

Question 28

Name 4 candidates for a Slit lamp test:

Answer 28

Patient with: 1. Cataracts (to see white/opaque lens) 2. Retinal detachment 3. Glaucoma (to distinguish between open angle and closed angle) 4. Macular degeneration

Question 29

What does IOP stand for?

Answer 29

Intraocular Pressure

Question 30

IOP Testing uses what device to measure the IOP?

Answer 30

Tonometer | side note: the covered end of the probe touches anesthetized corneal surfaces

Question 31

What is the normal IOP reading? a. 16-20 mm Hg b. 10-21 mm Hg c. 5-10 mm Hg d. 10-16 mm Hg

Answer 31

b. 10-21 mm Hg

Question 32

Who should undergo IOP testing?

Answer 32

1. all patients 40 years and older | 2. familial history (test 1-2x per year)

Question 33

An increase in IOP could be indicative of what onset?

Answer 33

Glaucoma (silent disease)

Question 34

This device is the gold standard for IOP testing:

Answer 34

Goldman's applanation tonometer

Question 35

The two instruments that are currently being used for IOP testing are:

Answer 35

Goldman's applanation tonometer Tono-Pen

Question 36

If a high IOP is found, a _________ (test) is performed to determine whether open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma is present

Answer 36

Gonioscopy

Question 37

A Gonioscopy allows visualization where the ______ meets the ______.

Answer 37

iris; cornea

Question 38

A Gonioscopy gives an indication of what is going on in the ______ part of the eyeball.

Answer 38

anterior

Question 39

The other imaging assessments of the eye can include (4):

Answer 39

1. CT 2. MRI 3. Radioisotope 4. Ultrasonography *All are painless and do not require special follow-ups*