Visual System 1

Question 1

What does the outer fibrous layer of the eye consist of? (3)

Answer 1

cornea
limbus
sclera

Question 2

Two characteristics of the cornea?

Answer 2

transparent

main refractive component

Question 3

Two characteristics of the limbus?

Answer 3

transition zone

aqueous humour drainage

Question 4

Two characteristics of the sclera?

Answer 4

opaque

protects and supports eyeball

Question 5

What does the middle vascular layer of the eye consist of? (3)

Answer 5

Iris
Ciliary body
Choroid

Question 6

The outer layer of the eye is a __________ layer; The middle layer of the eye is a _________ layer: The inner layer is _________.

Answer 6

outer layer is fibrous

middle layer is vascular

inner layer is neural

Question 7

middle vascular layer is also known as ________ and the inner neural layer is also known as the _____-

Answer 7

the uveal tract

the retina

Question 8

state two characteristics of the iris

Answer 8

forms PUPIL

controls amount of light entering eye

Question 9

state two characteristics of the ciliary body

Answer 9

accommodation

secretes aqueous humour

Question 10

state two characteristics of the choroid

Answer 10

nourishes retina

absorbs stray light

Question 11

What does the inner neural layer of the eye consist of?

Answer 11

ora serrata
retina
optic nerve

Question 12

what is the term given to the “blind terminal part of the retina” ?

Answer 12

ora serrata

Question 13

which part of the eye is light sensitive?

Answer 13

retina

Question 14

RODS and CONES are found in the ?

Answer 14

retina

Question 15

Function of RODS in retina?

Answer 15

RODS predominate in periphery (detection)

Question 16

Function of CONES in retina?

Answer 16

CONES predominate in fovea (identification)

Question 17

what leaves via the optic disc?

Answer 17

optic nerve

Question 18

what is the optic nerve?

Answer 18

optic nerve contains nerve fibres that leave eye via optic disc

Question 19

describe the aqueous humour in the eyeball media

Answer 19

aqueous humour:

• transparent fluid
• nourishes cornea and lens
• intraocular pressure
• refractive component

Question 20

describe the crystalline lens in the eyeball media

Answer 20

• transparent & biconvex
• refractive component
• accommodation

Question 21

describe the vitreous body in the eyeball media

Answer 21

• transparent gel
• mechanically supports crystalline lens & retina
• refractive component

Question 22

where is the anterior segment of the eye situated?

Answer 22

area between cornea & crystalline lens

Question 23

the anterior segment of the eye contains __________ _______ and is divided by ______ into anterior chamber of ______ volume and a __________ chamber of ______ volume.

Answer 23

aqueous humour 
iris
0.2ml
posterior chamber 
0.06ml

Question 24

what is the posterior segment of the eye?

Answer 24

the area between crystalline lens and retina

Question 25

what does the posterior segment contain?

Answer 25

vitreous body

Question 26

name the poles and axis of the eyeball (4)

Answer 26

- anterior and posterior pole | - visual axis and optic (geometric) axis

Question 27

state three features of eyelids and lashes?

Answer 27

- protect eye - assist tear distribution & drainage - nourish cornea at night

Question 28

define adnexa?

Answer 28

seen externally part/s of eye

Question 29

__________ wets and lubricates cornea and inside of eyelid

Answer 29

conjuctivita

Question 30

lacrimal apparatus assists in ____________ _______ and __________ _______

Answer 30

lacrimal apparatus assists in tear production and tear drainage

Question 31

what produces tears

Answer 31

the lacrimal gland

Question 32

what causes tear drainage (4)

Answer 32

- lacrima puncta - lacrimal canaliculi - lacrimal sac - nasolacrimal duct

Question 33

the extraocular muscles of the adnexa allow...

Answer 33

the extra ocular muscles of adnexa allow more rapid access to a larger visual field than possible with fixed eyes

Question 34

name all extraocular muscles of adnexa?

Answer 34

four pairs of recti: medial, lateral, superior, inferior two pairs of obliques: Inferior, superior, levator palpebrae superioris raises upper lid

Question 35

state all 6 visual pathways

Answer 35

- optic nerve - chiasm - optic tract - lateral geniculate nucleus - lateral geniculate nucleus - optic radiation - visual cortex