Visual Systems in Flight Flashcards
Coloring tint in the retina that aids the rods with night vision
Rhodopsin, “Visual Purple”
Two types of photoreceptors
Rods and Cones
Light Photoreceptors
Cones
Low light photoreceptors
Rods
Photoreceptor responisble for color
Cones
Area of the Retina where most cones are located
Fovea Centralis
Day retinal Blind Spot
5.5 to 7.5 degrees
Night Blind spot
5 to 10 degrees
Astigmatism
Unequal curvature of the cornea. Causes inability to focus on verticl and horizontal features simultaneously
Glare Disability
Inability to detect objects against varying shades or background related to contrast
Myopia
Nearsightedness
Hyperopia
Farsightedness
Presbyopia
Hardeding of the lens, loss of elasticity, Cataracts. Caused by ageing.
Photopic Vision
Daylight or bright light, color sense and sharp image
Mesopic Vision
Dusk/dawn, full moon light. Decreased Visual acuity, must do more scanning
Scotopic Vision
Night vision, peripheral vision only. Acuity degraded to silhouettes
Binocular Cues
Each eye has a slightly different view
Monocular Cues
GRAM, Geometric perspective Retinal image size Aerial perspective Motion parallax
Geometric perspective
Objects have different shapes when viewed at different angles/altitudes
Retinal Image Size
KITO Known size of objects Increasing/decreasing size of objects Terestrial association Overlapping contours
Aerial Perspective
An object’s clarity and its shadow are preceived by the brain as cues for estimating distance
Fading of Colors and shades
Veiwing objects through fog or dust, etc.
Loss of Detail/Texture
When the horizan and ground blur together
Motion Parallax
Most important visual cue
Stationary objects, observer moving, aids with perception of motion/depth
