Visual texts

Question 1

1.People

Answer 1

Are there people in the image? Who is in the image? Are there specific individuals or types of people?
What are their:
Facial expression?
Body language?
Size?
Exaggerated features?
Dialogue?

Question 2

1.Objects

Answer 2

What objects and products are featured? Are there symbols?

What do these symbols stand for?

Question 3

1.Juxtaposition

Answer 3

How are people and/or objects positioned in relation to each other?
What do these positions suggest?

Question 4

1.Copy

Answer 4

What words are included?
Where are they located?
What does the phrasing suggest?
How does the copy relate to the image?

Question 5

2.Framing

Answer 5

From what angle is the audience looking at the image? Why? What does this angle infer?

Question 6

2.Point-of-View

Answer 6

From whose perspective is the story told?
Why is it told from this perspective?
Would you feel different if the perspective was different? Why?

Question 7

2.Omission

Answer 7

Is there anything missing from the image?

What does this omission suggest?

Question 8

3.Body Language / Body Position

Answer 8

What does the body position or body language of the people suggest?
How does this help tell a story?
Are the people aware that the audience is looking at them (gaze)?

Question 9

3.Color, Hue, Contrast

Answer 9

What tone is created by the color, hue, or contrast? Do certain people or objects stand out? Why? What draws the eye?

Question 10

3.Symbolism

Answer 10

Reassess any symbolism. How does this symbolism relate to the other elements of the visual text? Is the symbolism changed or enhanced through other elements in the visual text?

Question 11

STYLISTIC FEATURES

Composite devices:

Answer 11

Color, Hue, Contrast
Copy -- language and font
Copy and Logo
Symbolism
Omission
Point-of-view
Body Language/Positioning
Framing

Question 12

RHETORICAL DEVICES

Answer 12

Ethos Pathos
Logos Bandwagon
Transfer Glittering Generalities
Fear Name-calling
Testimonial Logical Fallacies

Question 13

STRUCTURAL DEVICE

Answer 13

Vectors
Framing
Omission through Framing
Point of view
Rule of Thirds
Salience (striking elements/importance)

Question 14

Ethos

Answer 14

to appeal to an audience’s ethics

Question 15

Pathos

Answer 15

to appeal to an audience’s emotions

Question 16

Logos

Answer 16

to appeal to an audience’s logic

Question 17

Long shot

Answer 17

whole body is visible

Question 18

Medium shot

Answer 18

thigh upwards is visible

Question 19

Medium close up shot

Answer 19

chest upwards is visible

Question 20

Close up shot

Answer 20

shoulder upwards is visible

Question 21

Extreme close up

Answer 21

only face visible

Question 22

Low angle shot

Answer 22

showcase the magnitude of the scenery, making the audience feel vulnerable or in wonderment.
It can also make the audience feel part of the story as opposed to outside or above it, like with a high-angle establishing shot

Question 23

Extreme low angle shot

Answer 23

Gives the character a sense of aspiration

Question 24

High angle shot

Answer 24

looks down at the subject from a higher perspective and can convey information or elicit an emotional response from the audience
Makes the subject seem superior

Question 25

Bird's eye view

Answer 25

Makes the viewer feel superior to the subject. When the audience looks at the image, they feel powerful. They become the superhero who is looking down on the subject below. You can use this effect to tell a story with your photos.

Question 26

Dutch angle shot

Answer 26

a camera shot with a tilt on the camera's roll axis. The point of this tilted perspective is to make viewers feel uneasy.

Question 27

Juxtaposition

Answer 27

A contrast between two ideas

Question 28

Exaggerated features

Answer 28

For political cartoons | Too make subjects seem foolish or meaner than they are

Question 29

Metaphor

Answer 29

A comparison of two direct things

Question 30

Size of objects

Answer 30

Different Power Small- fragile, vulnerable Large - strength (ex:abuse of power)

Question 31

Captions (text)

Answer 31

Under/Above graphic texts panels to provide information

Question 32

Speech bubbles

Answer 32

Frames around the characters’ language, a kind of ‘direct speech’, where the characters speak for themselves. If they appear in jagged lines, the character is shouting.

Question 33

Thought bubble

Answer 33

Hidden internal thoughts

Question 34

Light/Shading

Answer 34

Why the juxtaposition of the contrast?

Question 35

Graphic Weight

Answer 35

Higher importance on darker graphic weight B/W/Grey Can indicate evilness

Question 36

Cropping

Answer 36

Was something cropped? Why was it cropped?

Question 37

Hyperlink

Answer 37

To encourage audience to take action

Question 38

Structure

Answer 38

The positioning

Question 39

Logo of an organization/company/author...

Answer 39

Establish Ethos

Question 40

Emanata

Answer 40

Refers to the teardrops, sweat drops, question marks, or motion lines that artists draw besides characters’ faces to portray emotion.

Question 41

Eye Level Gaze

Answer 41

To communicate ideas to the audience

Question 42

Gutter

Answer 42

Refers to the space between panels. | Readers tend to ‘fill in the blanks’ and imagine what happens between panels, a process known as ‘closure’.

Question 43

Panel

Answer 43

Refers to the framed image. offers the reader a perspective or POV on the subjects Borderless panels creating a unique effect where the subject seems to stand outside the storyline.

Question 44

Splash

Answer 44

a kind of panel that spans the width of the page. | If it runs off the page entirely, it is known as a ‘bleed’.

Question 45

Voice over

Answer 45

Narrators directly speak to audience | a hard line separating the narrator’s speech at the top or bottom of a panel

Question 46

Style

Answer 46

complex to simple, realistic to iconic, objective to subjective, specific to universal

Question 47

Color

Answer 47

Irony? Bright? Dark?

Question 48

Foreground

Answer 48

Usually where the focal point is

Question 49

Midground

Answer 49

subject stands in the middle of the scene Placing a subject off-centre can also be used to create visual tension.

Question 50

Background

Answer 50

objects in the background (not usually the subject) | help add contextual information for the reader

Question 51

Camera angle

Answer 51

Where would the camera stand in relation to its subject? How far away from the subject is the camera?

Question 52

Rule of thirds

Answer 52

divided to 9 parts

Question 53

POV

Answer 53

framing+angle+gaze

Question 54

Direction of the gaze

Answer 54

Is the subject looking at something specifically?

Question 55

Framing

Answer 55

Camera shots+angle

Question 56

Leading lines

Answer 56

draw the viewer’s attention to a focal point.

Question 57

Normal/Straight angle

Answer 57

Equal to the audience