Vital sign

Question 1

Vital sign classic 4

Answer 1

Temperature
Pulse
Respiration
Blood pressure

Question 2

Body Temperature

• Expected: __ with an average of

Answer 2

97.20 to 99.9 °F (36.20 to 37.7 °C) with an average of 98.6 °F (37.0 oC)

Question 3

An oral temperature above __, a rectal or ear (aural)

temperature above ___, or an axillary temp of __ is considered a fever

Answer 3

100.4 °F (38 °C)
101 °F (38.3 °C)
≥ 37.8 °C(100.04 °F)

Question 4

Ways to measure the body temperature:

Answer 4

⇒ ORALLY
⇒ RECTALLY
⇒ AXILLARY
⇒ BY EAR
⇒ BY SKIN

Question 5

rectally tend to be __ higher than when taken by mouth.

Answer 5

0.5 to 0.7 degrees °F

Question 6

temperatures taken by this route tend to be __

lower than those temperatures taken by mouth

Answer 6

0.3 to 0.4 degrees °F

Question 7

FACTORS TO CONSIDER FOR TEMPERATURE MONITORING

Answer 7

o Site the temp was taken
o Factitious Fever
o Diurnal Rhythm
o Circamensal Rhythm
o Physical Fitness and Age

Question 8

o Daily elevated temperature (>38 °C or 100.4 °F)

o Returns to baseline but not to normal

Answer 8

Remittent fever

Question 9

o Return to baseline and to normal

Answer 9

Intermittent Fever (Periodic Fever)

Question 10

PFAPA Syndrome:

Answer 10

Fever every 3-4 weeks

Question 11

Relapsing Fever (Borrelia species)

Answer 11

Every 2-3 weeks

Question 12

Malaria

Answer 12

every other or every third day

Question 13

Rat Bite Fever

Answer 13

every 3 to 5 days

Question 14

Cyclic Neutropenia

Answer 14

Fever every 3 weeks

Question 15

self-induced fever

Answer 15

Factitious fever

Question 16

multiple febrile attacks lasting about 6 days, separated by afebrile periods (usually infection like TB, malaria)

Answer 16

Relapsing fever

Question 17

fever accompanied by chills, RUQ pain, and jaundice (due to stones obstructing common duct)

Answer 17

Charcot’s intermittent fever

Question 18

fever characterized by a daily afternoon spike, often with facial flushing; usually seen with TB

Answer 18

Hectic fever:

Question 19

fever of some duration without remissions; usually seen with gram (-)sepsis or CNS damage

Answer 19

Continued or sustained fever

Question 20

febrile period lasting no more than one or two days

Answer 20

Ephemeral fever

Question 21

a temp greater than 105 degrees °F or 40.6 degrees °

Answer 21

Hyperpyrexia

Question 22

for every degree of increased temp, the pulse is increased by bpm

Answer 22

10

Question 23

a measurement of the heart rate, or the number of times

the heart beats per minute.

Answer 23

pulse rate

Question 24

Sites to measure puls

Answer 24

Poplitea
Posterior tibial
Brachial
Carotid
Dorsalis pedis
femoral
radial
Temporal

Question 25

pulse rate becomes faster during inspiration and slows | down during expiratio

Answer 25

Sinus Arrhythmic

Question 26

more commonly indicative of processes like | atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation

Answer 26

Irregularly irregular pattern

Question 27

unsynchronized pulse between radial and | femoral pulses.

Answer 27

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 28

the number of breaths a person takes per minute

Answer 28

Respiration rate

Question 29

breaths per minute in an average adult

Answer 29

12 to 20

Question 30

is the complete cessation of airflow to the lungs for a total of 15 seconds

Answer 30

Apnea

Question 31

is described as an increased depth of breathing and is seen during exercise and in anxiety states, lung infections, and congestive heart fail

Answer 31

Hyperpnea

Question 32

→ is described as both increased in the rate and depth of breathing and can again be seen in anxiety states like anxiety or due to exercise but is also seen in pathological conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis

Answer 32

Hyperventilation

Question 33

is characterized by shallow respirations. It is a hallmark of impending respiratory failure or of obesity-hypoventilation (AKA: Pickwickian syndrome)

Answer 33

Hypopnea

Question 34

is a condition where there are periods of increased rate and depth of breathing, followed by periods of no breathing or apnea

Answer 34

Biot respiration

Question 35

is a peculiar pattern of breathing where there is an | increase in the depth of ventilation followed by periods of no breathing or apnea.

Answer 35

• Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Question 36

is a peculiar pattern of breathing where there is an increase in the depth of ventilation followed by periods of no breathing or apnea.

Answer 36

• Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Question 37

Kussmaul breathing

Answer 37

``` ⇒ Methanol poisoning ⇒ Aspirin intoxication ⇒ Ketoacidosis ⇒ Ethylene glycol ingestion ⇒ Uremia ⇒ Paraldehyde administration ⇒ Lactic acidosis ```

Question 38

Kussmaul breathing

Answer 38

``` ⇒ Methanol poisoning ⇒ Aspirin intoxication ⇒ Ketoacidosis ⇒ Ethylene glycol ingestion ⇒ Uremia ⇒ Paraldehyde administration ⇒ Lactic acidosis ```

Question 39

refers to difficulty in respiration occurring on lying horizontal but gets better when the patient sits up or stands It is seen characteristically in congestive heart failure.

Answer 39

Orthopnea

Question 40

Normal breathing rate and pattern

Answer 40

Eupnoea

Question 41

Increased respiratory rate

Answer 41

Tachypnea

Question 42

Decreased respiratory rate

Answer 42

Bradypnea

Question 43

Absence of breathing

Answer 43

Apnoea

Question 44

Increased depth and rate of breathing

Answer 44

Hyperpnoea

Question 45

Gradual increase and decreases in respirators with periods of apnoea

Answer 45

Cheyne's stoke

Question 46

Abnormal breathing pattern with group/clusters of rapid respiration of equal depth and regular apnoea periods

Answer 46

Biots

Question 47

tachypnoea and hyperpnoea

Answer 47

Kassmaul's

Question 48

the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart

Answer 48

Blood pressure

Question 49

Two numbers are recorded when measuring blood pressure

Answer 49

Diastolic, systolic

Question 50

refers to the pressure inside the artery when the | heart contracts and pumps blood through the body

Answer 50

systolic

Question 51

refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood.

Answer 51

diastolic

Question 52

BP recorded as

Answer 52

"mm Hg" (millimeters of mercury).

Question 53

Device used to measure blood pressure

Answer 53

mercury manometer | or sphygmomanometer

Question 54

pressure readings unsupported arms

Answer 54

10 mmHg

Question 55

crossed legs

Answer 55

2-4 mmHg

Question 56

unsupported back and feet

Answer 56

6 mmHg

Question 57

providers not paying full attention

Answer 57

10 mmHg

Question 58

for full bladder

Answer 58

10 mmHg

Question 59

occurs when the ventricles contract and the tricuspid and mitral (AV) valves close

Answer 59

Systole

Question 60

``` It is a measure of cardiac output and how hard the heart is working to eject the blood (stroke volume) ```

Answer 60

Systole

Question 61

occurs when the ventricles relax and the tricuspid and mitral valves open

Answer 61

Diastole

Question 62

measure of the peripheral vascular resistance (resting | resistance)

Answer 62

Diastolic pressure