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Vital signs Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the Vital Signs?

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Pulse
  3. Respiration rate
  4. Blood pressure
  5. Oxygen saturation
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2
Q

It is a foundational, psychomotor skill for healthcare providers and students in health related programs.

A

Measurement of Vital Signs

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3
Q

Vital Signs are important indicators of …

A

Important indicators of the body’s physiologic status and reflect the function of internal organs

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4
Q

measurements provide information about a person’s overall state of healt

A

Vital signs

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5
Q

Purpose in obtaining vital signs

A

1, establish database of values
2. Assisting in a goal setting and treatment planning
3. Assisting with assessment
4. Contributing to assessment of effectiveness of treatment activities

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6
Q

General points to consider in vital sign measurement

A
  1. Therapeutic environment and consenr
  2. IPC
  3. Equipment
  4. Pain Assessment
  5. Always introduce yourself
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7
Q

Temperature refers to the..

A

Refers to the degree of heat or cold in an object or a human body

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8
Q

The body’s thermostat

A

Hypothalamus

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9
Q

Why is temperature measured?

A

Can determine state of health and influence clinical conditions

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10
Q

External sources of hyperthermia

A

Exposure to excessive heat (hot day, sauna, etc.)

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11
Q

Internal sources of hyperthermia

A

Fevers

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12
Q

Hypothermia refers to…

A

A lowered body temperature

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13
Q

External source of hypothermia

A

Exposed to the cold for a long period of time

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14
Q

Internal source of hypothermia

A

Sometimes purposefully induced curing surgery

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15
Q

Methods of measuring a client’s body temperature vary based on:

A

○ Developmental age
○ Cognitive functioning
○ Level of consciousness
○ State of health
○ Safety

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16
Q

Methods of temperature measurement include

A

oral, axillary, tympanic, rectal, temporal artery and dermal routes

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17
Q

Normal temperature rangers for adult

A

36.5-37.7 c or 97.7-99.5 f

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18
Q

Normal temperature for infants and young children

A

35.5.-37.7 c or 95.9-99.8 f

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19
Q

Normal oral temp

A

35..8-37.3

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20
Q

Normal axillary temp

A

34.8 - 36.3

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21
Q

Normal tympanic temp

A

36.1 - 37.9

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22
Q

Normal rectal temp

A

36.8 - 38.2

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23
Q

Other factors that influence temperature

A
  1. Diurnal rhythm
  2. Exercise
  3. Stress
  4. Menstrual cycle
  5. Pregnancy
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24
Q

It is the most common and reliable temp measurement because it is close to the sublingual artery.

A

Oral temp

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25
is usually 0.3-0 6°C higher than an oral temperature
Tympanic temp
26
T or F: the tympanic membrane shares the same vascular artery that perfuses the hypothalamus
True
27
It is a minimally invasive way to measure temperature. It is commonly used in children.
Axillary temp
28
It is usually 1°C higher than oral temperature.
Rectal Temp
29
refers to a pressure wave that expands and recoils the artery when the heart contracts/beats.
Pulse
30
The most common locations to accurately assess pulse as part of vital sign measurement are
Radial, brachial, carotid, and apical
31
Normal adult pulse rate os
60-100 bpm
32
Newborn resting heart rate ranges from
100-175 bpm
33
T or F: Heart rate gradually decreases until young adulthood and then gradually increases again with age.
True
34
Newborn to 1 month normal bpm
100-175
35
1 month to 2 yrs
90-160 bpm
36
2 - 6 yo normal BPM
70-150 bpm
37
7 - 11 yo normal bpm
60 - 130 bpm
38
12 - 18 yo normal bpm
50-110 bpm
39
Adult and older adult pulse rate
60-100 bpm
40
refers to an elevated heart rate, typically above 100 bpm for an adult.
Tachycardia
41
a condition in which the resting heart rate drops below 60 bpm in adults
Bradychardia
42
What are the qualities of pulse that are assessed?
1. Pulse rhythm 2. Pulse equality 3. Pulse rate 4. Pulse force
43
the frequency of the pulsation felt by your fingers follows an even tempo with equal intervals between pulsations.
Pulse rhythm
44
the strength of the pulsation felt when palpating the pulse.
Pulse force
45
Important to assess because it reflects the volume of blood, heart functioning and cardiac output and arteries elastic properties
Pulse force
46
refers to whether the pulse force is comparable on both sides of the body.
Pulse equality
47
Refers to a person’s breathing and the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
Respiration
48
The process that causes air to enter lungs
Inspiration
49
Inspiration is initiated by
Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
50
The process that causes air to leave the lungs
Expiration
51
The passive process of the respiratory cycle
Expiration
52
Parameters of respiration assessment
Quality and rhythm
53
newborn - 1 month normal resp rate
30-65 breaths pm
54
1 month - 1yo normal resp rate
26 - 60 breaths pm
55
1 - 10 yo norm resp rate
14 - 50 breaths pm
56
11 - 18 normal resp rate
12 - 22 resp rate
57
Adult - older adult normal resp rate
10-20 breaths pm
58
Refers to a percentage of hemoglobin molecules saturated with oxygen
Oxygen saturation
59
Oxygen saturation provides
information about how much hemoglobin is carrying oxygen, compared to how much hemoglobin is not carrying oxygen
60
insufficient oxygen in the blood is called
Hypoxemia
61
normal oxygen saturation level is
97-100%
62
the force of blood exerted against the arterial walls, reported in millimeters of mercury
Blood pressure
63
maximum pressure on the arteries during left ventricular contractions
Systolic pressure
64
the resting pressure on the arteries between each cardiac contraction when the heart’s chambers are filling with blood
Diastolic pressure
65
the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in a single contraction.
Stroke volume
66
the difference between the systolic and diastolic values and signifies the force required by the heart each time it contracts
Pulse pressure
67
Blood pressure increases with
increased Cardiac output
68
Blood pressure decreases with
Decreased cardiac output
69
appear after you inflate the cuff (which compresses the artery/blood flow) and then begin to deflate the cuff.
Korotkoff sounds
70
Normal adult bp (19-40yo)
95-135 over 60-80
71
Normal adult bp (41-60)
110-145 over 70-80
72
Phase 1 korotkoff
Clear tapping sound
73
Phase 2 korotkoff sound
‘Mumur’ - Onset of swishing sound or surf murmur
74
Phase 3 korotkoff
‘Slap’ -Loud slapping sound
75
Phase 4 korotkoff
‘Muffle’ - Sudden muffling sound
76
Phase 5 korotkoff
‘Silence’ - Disappearance of sound/ phase of silence

10410 (3 decks)

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