VITAL SIGNS REVISITED

Question 1

what are the temperatures we use for glass thermometers?

Answer 1

shake down 35.0 C

96.0 or below

Question 2

how far into the rectum do we insert the glass thermometer?

Answer 2

3-4 cm (1.5 inches)

Question 3

how far into the rectum do we insert the electronic probe?

Answer 3

3-4 cm (1.5 inches)

Question 4

how do rectal temperatures compare to oral temperatures?

Answer 4

0.7 to 0.9 F (0.4 to 0.5 C) higher than oral temperature

Question 5

how do tympanic membrane temperatures compare to oral or rectal temperatures?

where do we place the probe

Answer 5

they are more variable, it measures the core temperature 0.8 C (1.4 F) higher than oral

place probe in the ear canal for 2-3 seconds aimed at the tympanic membrane

Question 6

what is considered normal temperature? how does it fluctuate in the early morning hours compared to the early evening

Answer 6

37 C/98.6 F

as low as 35.8 C (96.4 F)

as high as 37.3 C (99.1 F)

Question 7

how much lower is the axillary temperature compared to oral temp?

Answer 7

1 degree taking 5-10 minutes to register and is the most inaccurate of all the measurements

Question 8

what is the elevated body temperature for fever?

Answer 8

> 99.1 F/37.3 C

Question 9

what is hyperpyrexia for fever?

Answer 9

> 41.1 C (106 F)

Question 10

what is hypothermia for fever, rectally?

Answer 10

<35 C (95 F) rectally

Question 11

most reliable form of taking temperature?

Answer 11

rectal temperatures

Question 12

what is normal pulse range?

Answer 12

60-100 bpm

Question 13

what is bradycardia for pulse rate?

Answer 13

<60 bpm

Question 14

what is tachycardia for pulse rate?

Answer 14

> 100 bpm

Question 15

name the pulse rate rhythm?

Increased stroke volume
Fever, anemia
Hyperthyroidism
Aortic regurgitation
Arterial venous fistulas
Patent ductus arteriosis
atherosclerosis

Answer 15

large bounding pulses

Question 16

name the pulse rate rhythm?

Aortic regurgitation
Aortic stenosis
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 16

bisferians pulse

Question 17

name the pulse rate rhythm?

LVF w/ S3 sound

Answer 17

pulse alternans

Question 18

name the pulse rate rhythm?

-looks like bisiferan pulses and generated by the electrical activity

Answer 18

bigeminal pulse

Question 19

name the pulse rate?

Pericardial tamponade
COPD
Constrictive pericarditis
Asthma

Answer 19

paradoxical pulse

Question 20

name the pulse rate?

Decrease SV
Heart failure
Hypovolemia
Aortic stenosis

Answer 20

small weak pulse

Question 21

what is considered normal respiratory breathing rate?

Answer 21

14-20 beats per minute

Question 22

how many Americans have hypertension?

Answer 22

74.5 million americans

Question 23

how high above should the BP cuff be placed on the arm?

Answer 23

2.5 cm above the antecubital crease

Question 24

what arms should be measured on an initial visit? on a follow up visit

Answer 24

both arms

measure the higher arm

Question 25

what is normal blood pressure?

Answer 25

systolic <120 | diastolic <80

Question 26

what is prehypertensive?

Answer 26

systolic <120-139 | diastolic <80-89

Question 27

what is stage I hypertension?

Answer 27

>140-159/90-99

Question 28

what is stage II hypertension? JNC how does this compare to the AHA and how many more people are added?

Answer 28

>160 or >100 decrease values it adds approx 100 million more with diagnosis

Question 29

what is the coarctation of the aorta?

Answer 29

femora pulse is smaller and later that radlal pulse when measured together

Question 30

what is newborn age?

Answer 30

birth up to age 3 months

Question 31

what is the infant age?

Answer 31

age 3 months up to 12 months

Question 32

what is early childhood age?

Answer 32

1-4 years old

Question 33

what is school age?

Answer 33

5-10 years old

Question 34

for pediatric vital signs, when is auditory canal preferable vs rectal?

Answer 34

>3 years old <3 years old

Question 35

what is the recta temp in infants and children < 3 years of age? children?

Answer 35

above 99.0 F (37.2 C) until after age 3 body temp varies as much as 3 F in a single day and temp may reach 101 F (38.3) in normal children

Question 36

sign of serious infection in infants less 3 months?

Answer 36

fever > 38.0 or 100.4 F may be a sign of serious infection and so rectal temp should be used

Question 37

pulse rate in pediatric patients at birth? age 10-14 ages > or equal to 15

Answer 37

90-190 85 bpm (range 55-115) 60-100 bpm

Question 38

what is the respiratory rate for a newborn?

Answer 38

30-60

Question 39

what is the respiratory rate for early childhood?

Answer 39

20-40

Question 40

what is the respiratory rate for late childhood?

Answer 40

15-25

Question 41

what is the respiratory rate for age 15 to the adult level?

Answer 41

14-20

Question 42

what is normal blood pressure for the pediatric?

Answer 42

<90 percentile for age, sex and height

Question 43

what is high normal pressure for the pediatric patient?

Answer 43

90-95 percentile for age sex and height

Question 44

what is high blood pressure for the pediatric patient?

Answer 44

>95 percentile for age, sex, and height