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PTE @ Baylor > Vitals > Flashcards

Vitals Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Normal body temperature (orally)

A

98.6F

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2
Q

non-emergent Pyrexia (fever) temperature

A

> 100.4F
-mostly will resolve on its own
-Becomes emergent if it lasts for more than 3 days (need to contact physician)

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3
Q

Emergent pyrexia (fever) and need to contact physician

A

> or equal to 103F or if fever of >100.4F lasts for more than 3 days

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4
Q

Hyperpyrexia

A

> 106.7
-damage to the brain possible
-rare for untreated fevers to exceed 104
ex. heat exhaustion, heat stroke, severe infections, CNS lesions, TBI

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5
Q

Hypothermia

A

Temperature <95F
-decreased HR and RR
-Cold and pale skin
-Cyanosis
-Decreased cutaneous sensation
-Drowsiness
-Altered cognitive muscular responses
-Can lead to coma and death

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6
Q

When is temperature lowest?

A

4-6 AM

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7
Q

When is temperature highest?

A

4-8 PM

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8
Q

What demographic has higher temperature

A

young children and infants

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9
Q

What demographic has lower temperature

A

older adults

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10
Q

when exercising, core temperature rises ___ to ___ degrees

A

2-3 degrees

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11
Q

Pulse rate

A

-frequency of arterial pressure wave
-Wave of blood pushed through the vessels
-Measurement: palpation “waves”
-Peripheral pulse

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12
Q

Heart rate

A

-Frequency of ventricular beats
-Measure: auscultation or counting “beats”
-Apical pulse

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13
Q

Normal pulse rate

A

60-100 BPM

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14
Q

bradycardia (pulse rate)

A

<60 BPM
-seen in athletes

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15
Q

Tachycardia (pulse rate)

A

> 100 BPM
-children have higher pulse rate

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16
Q

0= what pulse grade

A

no palpable pulse

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17
Q

1+= what pulse grade

A

faint but detectable pulse

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18
Q

2+= what pulse grade

A

normal

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19
Q

3+=what pulse grade

Study These Flashcards
A

increased or full pulse rate

20
Q

4+= what pulse grade

Study These Flashcards
A

bounding pulse

21
Q

How does the pulse rate change with exercise?

Study These Flashcards
A

-Gradually increases about 10bpm per change in workload
-measured in METS

22
Q

what is METS and what does it measure

Study These Flashcards
A

-unit of measurement that estimates oxygen consumed and energy expended
-used for pulse rate
-light act: <3 METS
-moderate activity: 3-6 METS
-Vigorous: >6 METS

23
Q

Normal Respiration rate

Study These Flashcards
A

12-20 breaths per minute
-infants->12 yr olds=higher RR
-12->adult=normal RR

24
Q

Eupnea

Study These Flashcards
A

-Normal respirations with equal rate and depth
-12-20 breaths/min

25
Bradypnea
-slow Respirations -<10 breaths/min
26
Tachypnea
-Fast respirations ->24 breaths/min (usually shallow)
27
Dyspnea
shortness of breath/difficult or labored breathing -often abbreviated as DOE
28
When exercising what does the respiratory rate look like
40-60 breaths/min
29
pulse oximetry (SpO2)
-periphreal measure of arterial blood oxygen saturation -normal (at sea level): 96-100% -respiratory disease has levels lower
30
Blood pressure definition
-force of blood exerted against a vessel wall measured in mmHg -Cardiac output (blood flow) x peripheral resistance (impediment to blood flow in a vessel/resistance)
31
systolic meaning
-force on arteries during ventricular contraction -Rises in proportion to workload
32
Diastolic meaning
-Force on arteries during ventricular relaxation -Little change with increased workload
33
Normal BP
systolic: less than 120 AND Diastolic: less than 80
34
Elevated BP
systolic: 120-129 AND Diastolic: less than 80
35
High BP (hypertension) stage 1
Systolic: 130-139 OR Diastolic:80-89
36
High BP (hypertension) stage 2
Systolic: 140 or higher OR Diastolic: 90 or higher
37
Hypertensive crisis BP (consult doctor immediately)
Systolic: higher than 180 AND/OR Diastolic: higher than 120
38
Korotkoff's sounds (phases)
Phase 1: systolic pressure Phase 2: swishing as artery widens with blood Phase 3: Sounds loud/crisp, unobstructed flow Phase 4: Sounds distant,muffled Phase 5: last sound=diastolic pressure
39
Auscultatory gap -meaning and significance
-Period of silence after any of the Korotkoff sounds -Result of a cardiac or vascular disease
40
Proper position for taking BP
-Seated & resting -Empty bladder -Legs uncrosssed -Supported feat -Back supported -Brachial artery at level of heart/R atrium (level of sternum) -Supported arm -Cuff NOT over clothing -Patient=no talking
41
-When taking BP what should the initial inflation be to in mmHg? -Release how many mmHg per second?
-Initial: 180-200 mmHg -Slowly release about 2-3 mmHg per second (don't leave cuff inflated for greater than 10 seconds)
42
What blood pressure would you need to contact a PCP and monitor closely, but you could continue with care?
140/90 (hypertension stage 2)
43
What blood pressure would cause you to hold resistance exercise and consider aerobic exercise; still would need to contact PCP and monitor closely
160/100
44
What blood pressure would you need to hold your exam, contact PCP, examine for organ damage, and also consider contacting EMS
>180/120
45
Hypotension
systolic: <90 mmHg OR diastolic: <60 mmHg -generally only concerning if present with signs and symptoms or in patients with preexisting medical (heart disease) signs and symptoms: dizziness, fainting, cold and sweaty skin, fatigue, blurred vision, or nausea
46
Aerobic exercise changes the BP how?
systolic: 10mmHg (1 met) Diastolic: increase (<10 mmHg), none or slight decrease -shunts blood flow to exercising tissue and spinal cord
47
Resistance training changes the BP how?
-Elicits a more pronounced BP response -Diastolic should not increase more than 20mmHg

PTE @ Baylor (5 decks)

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