Vitals 5.9.2013

Question 0

Standard adult BP cuffs are useful for arm circumference less than

Answer 0

27cm

Question 1

When should muffling be used as marker of diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 1

High output states

Question 2

Amount of pressure difference in significant vascular obstruction

Answer 2

10 to 15mm of Hg

Question 3

Most common cause of unequal BP between arms

Answer 3

Obstruction due to atherosclerosis

Question 4

Which is a better predictor of risk of coronary artery disease ?
ABI or total cholesterol

Answer 4

ABI<0.9

Question 5

Normal difference btw upper and lower limb BP

Answer 5

Lower limb BP higher by 10mm Hg

Question 6

Causes of very high lower limb BP

Answer 6

Dissecting aneurysm
Takayasu
Buerger

Question 7

Cause of postural hypotension in pheochromocytoma

Answer 7

Hypovolemia

Down regulated nor adrenergic receptors

Question 8

Normal postural variations in BP

Answer 8

Systolic pressure drops or diastolic pressure rises

MAP drops a few mm Hg

Question 9

CBF is constant over a wide BP ranging from

Answer 9

60-150mm Hg

Question 10

________ % of stroke pts present with high BP

Answer 10

80

High BP declines in 4 days

Question 11

Lower limit of auto regulation in normotensive and uncomplicated essential hypertension patients

Answer 11

25% lower than resting MAP

Question 12

Causes of reversed pulses paradoxus

Answer 12

Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
Isorhythmic ventricular rhythms
Intermittent inspiratory positive pressure breathing

Question 13

Causes of abnormal pulsus paradoxes

Answer 13

Pericardial tamponade
Asthma
Shock
Pulmonary embolism
Right ventricular failure
Right ventricular infarction
Obesity
Severe congestive failure
PDA

Question 14

Wide pulse pressure

Answer 14

BPsys-BPdias>50% of sys BP

Question 15

Extremely widened pulse pressure in only one limb

Answer 15

AV fistula

Question 16

Narrowed pulse pressure

Answer 16

Less than 25% of systolic pressure

Question 17

Causes of narrowed pulse pressure

Answer 17

Cardiac tamponade
Constrictive pericarditis
Tachycardia
Aortic stenosis

Question 18

Cause of ascultatory gap

Answer 18

Venous pooling

Question 19

Pseudohypotension

Answer 19

Shock with high peripheral vascular resistance

Question 20

How to detect pseudohypertension

Answer 20

Osler test

Question 21

Masked hypertension

Answer 21

Isolated ambulatory hypertension

Question 22

Definition of Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 22

Fall in systolic of 20mm or diastolic of 10mm within 3min of standing

Question 23

Causes of neurogenic postural hypotension

Answer 23

Multi system atrophy
DM
Multiple myeloma

Question 24

Relation btw cuff measured and intra arterial systolic and diastolic BP

Answer 24

Cuff underestimates systolic and overestimates diastolic

Question 25

Diff btw sys and Dias BP in peripheral arteries and proximal arteries

Answer 25

Sys pressure increases and diastolic pressure decreases

Question 26

Ideal BP cuff

Answer 26

Length of 80% and width 40% of arm circumference