vitamin deficiencies

Question 1

folic acid deficiency

Answer 1

megaloblastic anemia
neural tube defects

Question 2

folic acid deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 2

anemia
birth defects

Question 3

folic acid toxicity

Answer 3

none

Question 4

folic acid notes

Answer 4

administration of high levels of folate can mask vitamin B12 deficiency

Question 5

vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer 5

pernicious anemia
dementia
spinal degeneration

Question 6

vitamin B12 deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 6

megaloblastic anemia
neuropsychiatric symptoms

Question 7

vitamin B12 toxicity

Answer 7

none

Question 8

vitamin B12 notes

Answer 8

pernicious anemia is treated with intramuscular or high dose of oral B12

Question 9

vitamin C deficiency

Answer 9

scurvy

Question 10

Vitamin C deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 10

sore, spongy gums, loose teeth, poor wound healing

Question 11

vitamin C toxicity

Answer 11

none

Question 12

vitamin C notes

Answer 12

benefits of supplementation not established in controlled trials

Question 13

vitamin B6 deficiency

Answer 13

rare

Question 14

vitamin B6 deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 14

glossitis, neuropathy

Question 15

vitamin B6 toxicity

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

vitamin B6 notes

Answer 16

deficiency can be induced by isoniazid.
sensory neuropathy occurs at high doses

Question 17

vitamin B1 deficiency (1 of 2)

Answer 17

Beriberi

Question 18

vitamin B1 deficiency signs and symptoms (beriberi)

Answer 18

tachycardia, vomiting, convulsions

Question 19

vitamin B1 deficiency (2 of 2)

Answer 19

Wernicke- Korsakoff syndrome (most common in alcoholics)

Question 20

vitamin B1 deficiency signs and symptoms (Wernicke- Korsakoff)

Answer 20

apathy, loss of memory, dysregulated eye movements

Question 21

vitamin B1 toxicity

Answer 21

none

Question 22

vitamin B1 notes

Answer 22

none

Question 23

niacin deficiency

Answer 23

pellagra

Question 24

niacin deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 24

dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia

Question 25

niacin toxicity

Answer 25

none

Question 26

niacin toxicity notes

Answer 26

high doses of niacin used to treat hyperlipidemia

Question 27

vitamin B2 deficiency

Answer 27

rare

Question 28

vitamin B2 deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 28

dermatitis, angular stomatitis

Question 29

vitamin B2 toxicity

Answer 29

none

Question 30

vitamin B2 notes

Answer 30

none

Question 31

biotin deficiency

Answer 31

rare

Question 32

biotin deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 32

none

Question 33

biotin toxicity

Answer 33

none

Question 34

biotin notes

Answer 34

consumption of large amounts of egg whites that contain a protein avidin (binds biotin) can induce biotin deficiency

Question 35

pantothenic acid deficiency

Answer 35

rare

Question 36

pantothenic acid deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 36

none

Question 37

pantothenic acid toxicity

Answer 37

none

Question 38

vitamin A deficiency

Answer 38

infertility, nigh blindness, retardation of growth, xeroplathmia

Question 39

vitamin A deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 39

increased visual threshold, dryness of cornea

Question 40

vitamin A toxicity

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

vitamin A notes

Answer 41

beta carotene - not acutely toxic but supplementation is not recommended. excess vitamin A can increase incidence of fractures

Question 42

vitamin D deficiency in children

Answer 42

Rickets

Question 43

Vitamin D deficiency in adults

Answer 43

osteomalacia

Question 44

vitamin D deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 44

soft, pliable bones

Question 45

vitamin D toxicity

Answer 45

yes

Question 46

vitamin D notes

Answer 46

is not a true vitamin because it can be synthesized in the skin; application of sunscreen lotions or presence of dark skin color decreases this synthesis

Question 47

vitamin K deficiency

Answer 47

newborns, rare in adults

Question 48

vitamin K deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 48

bleeding

Question 49

vitamin K toxicity

Answer 49

rare

Question 50

vitamin K notes

Answer 50

produced by intestinal bacteria. deficiency is common in newborns. intramuscular treatment with vitamin K is recommended at birth

Question 51

vitamin E deficiency

Answer 51

rare

Question 52

vitamin E deficiency signs and symptoms

Answer 52

red blood cell fragility leads to hemolytic anemia

Question 53

vitamin E toxicity

Answer 53

none

Question 54

vitamin E notes

Answer 54

benefits of supplementation not established in controlled trials