Vitamin K Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Vitamin K Deck (7)
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1
Q

Vitamin K is known as what

A

The blood clotting vitamin

2
Q

Vitamin K - Structures

A

Differ only on side chain…

  •   Phylloquinone - plants (Vitamin K1)
  •   Menaquinone (K2) - Bacterial sources within the gut of animals and people (n = 5)
  •   Menadione (K3) - synthetic source
3
Q

Vitamin K - Function

A
  1.   Serves as a co-factor in carboxylation reactions of proteins that are necessary for blood coagulation.
  2.   Promotes bone health via carboxylation of osteocalcin, a protein involved in bone mineralization;
4
Q

Vitamin K Metabolism

A
  •   Vitamin Ks are absorbed readily with fat in GI tract;

-   Liver converts all forms to K2

5
Q

Vitamin K - Requirement

A

Menadione = 0.5 mg/kg diet

6
Q

Vitamin K toxicity

A

None

7
Q

Vitamin K - Deficiency

A

Deficiency:
-  Prolonged clotting time;
-  Hemorrhaging;
-  Gut microbes synthesis vit. K, thus deficiency is rare, except…
-  Treatment w/ some antibiotics & antimicrobials
(Chicks fed sulfaquinoxaline to control coccidiosis develop vit. K def.)
-  Moldy sweet clover which contains dicumerol; (A concern with grazing animals)
-  Warfarin (rat poison)
-  Both dicumerol & warfarin are competitive inhibitors (anti-vitamins) of vitamin K
(Most frequently a problem for cats, dogs, and children)