VITAMIN LIST

Question 1

Vitamin A (retinol)

Answer 1

teratogenic;
deficiency ocular effects - dry eye and infection risk
benefit ; night vision, healthy skin, immune system
sources; raw eggs, liver pates and fish liver oil

Question 2

vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Answer 2

deficiency ; scurvy, gingival bleeding and pethciae
benefit:iron absorption and help common cold, wound healing, protect cell, collagen form
source ; orange pepper tomato blackcurrant

Question 3

vitamin D (calciferol)

Answer 3

deficiency ; rickets and osteomalacia
d2= ergocalciferol d3= colcalciferol
give hydroxylated ones in renal impairment= alfacalcidol or calcitriol
if n/v occur check calcium plasma
benefit ; healthy bones and teeth , vit d help absorb calcium
source; fortified milk, sun ,oily fish , margarine

Question 4

vit E ( tocopherol)

Answer 4

inhibit platelet aggregation; increase bleeding risk warfarin
sources; olive oil nutt, seed , wheat germ
beenfits ; free radical protect healthy skin and eye

Question 5

Vit K (phytomenadione) blood clotting

Answer 5

phytomenadione= lipid soluble menadiol = water soluble use with liver impairment
antagonises warfarin effect
sources green leafy veg
give new borns against neonatal haemorrhage

Question 6

B1- thiamine

Answer 6

used in alcoholics, wernickes encephalopathy and can have anaphylaxis with B1 injections
Benefits ; release energy from food, healthy cans
sources ; wholegrain and fortified cereals

Question 7

B2 riboflavin

Answer 7

benefits; healthy skin nerves, eyes
sources, fortified cereals, milk egg and rice

Question 8

b3 niacin

Answer 8

nicotinamide and nicotinic acid= vasodilatory effects
benefit healthy skin and eyes
sources; milk , eggs, fish , meat, wheat flour

Question 9

B6 pyridoxine

Answer 9

used with isoniazid and penicillin amine to prevent neuropathy can also occur in >200mg
benefit; make healthy new neurotransmitters, make hemoglobin
source; chicken vegetable and fortified cereals

Question 10

b7 = biotin

Answer 10

benefit; strengthen hair and nails
source; rang food, vegetables and whole cereals

Question 11

b12 cobalamin/ hyroxacobalamin

Answer 11

treat megloblstic naemia or b12 deficiency common in vegans
healthy nervous system, process folic acid and blood cells
sources fortified cereals and meat and salmon