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Pharma 4 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

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1
Q

plays a major role in epithelial differentiation

A

Vit A

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2
Q

affects bone development and growth in children

A

Vit A

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3
Q

principal storage of the vitamin A

A

Liver

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4
Q

Where does precursor of Vit A comes from

A

carrots contain carotene

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5
Q

Condition result from Vit A Def.

A

NIGHTBLINDNESS, XEROPHTHALMIA, HYPERKERATOSIS (because of decreased epithelial differentiation) and growth cessation

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6
Q

Vit A Def results from?

A

MALABSORPTION OF FAT and IMPAIRMENT OF ITS STORAGE in the LIVER

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7
Q

How does Vit D formed?

A

action of ultraviolet irradiation on sterols.

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8
Q

2 Forms of Vit D

A

Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)

Calciferol (vitamin D2)

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9
Q

Precursor of Vit D.

A

7-dehydrocholesterol and Ergosterol from irradiation

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10
Q

Converrsion of Vit D3 happens in?

A

Skin

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11
Q

Vit D from Liver become?

A

25‐hydroxyvitamin D

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12
Q

Vit D from Kidney become?

A

1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D

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13
Q

1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D is done in response to?

A

need for Calcium and Phosphate.

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14
Q

Vit D Def result to?

A

Rickets (Children) Osteomalacia (Adults)

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15
Q

Rickets is due to?

A

Stimulation Parathyroid hormone due to low calcium and phosphate

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16
Q

Vit D requirement is high in what set of individuals?

A

Dark people due to Melanin that interferes irradiation of Vit D3

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17
Q

Vit E other name

A

ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL

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18
Q

Vit E function

A

Potent antioxidant Enhance vitamin A usage

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19
Q

Principal source of Vit E

A

Plant oils

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20
Q

biochemical markers needed to diagnose vitamin E deficiency

A

Serum tocopherol levels are LOW

POSITIVE hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test

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21
Q

Hypervitaminosis E symptoms?

A

Muscle weakness

Fatigue, Headache, Nausea

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22
Q

Premature infants Vit E Def symptoms?

A

edema, anemia and low tocopherol levels

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23
Q

How you will reduce toxicity due to Vit E

A

Discontinuation of supplementation

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24
Q

Vit K is associated with what kind of quinones?

A

Phylloquinone (vitamin K1)
Menadione (vitamin K3)
Menaquinones (vitamin K2)

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25
What part of Blood coagulation does Vit K involved?
``` Prothrombin Factor VII (Proconvertin) Factor IX (Plasma thromboplastin) Factor X (Stuart factor) ```
26
Sources of Vit K
Green vegetables Bacteria (gram-positive organisms) ->vitamin K2 Vitamin K3 -> chemically synthesized quinone that possess the same activity as vitamin K1
27
Vit K Excess result into
Kernectiirus
28
Vit K Def result into
Increased bleeding time, lead to Hypoprothrombenemia
29
Population at risk in Vit K Def?
Newborn infants | Patients receiving anticoagulant therapy
30
vitamin B12 get from
Animal products
31
Richest source of B vitamin group
Seeds including the germ of wheat or of rice
32
Active form of Vit B1
Thiamine pyrophosphate
33
Vit B1 def result into
Beriberi
34
Alcoholic person will have def in what Vit?
Vit B1
35
Other name of Vit B2
Riboflavin
36
Vit B2 result into?
ARIBOFLAVINOSIS
37
ARIBOFLAVINOSIS px will have?
Local seborrheic Dermatitis limited to the face and scrotum
38
Vit B3 other name
Niacin
39
Vit B3 Def
Pellagra
40
Pellgra symptomes
Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea
41
Vit B6 othere name
Pyridoxine
42
Vit B6 Def
Sensory neuritis, mental depression, and convulsions Hypochromic sideroblastic anemia Pellagra‐like symptoms
43
HYPOCHROMIC Sideroblasts due to
Vit B6 Def
44
Vit B12 Def
Pernicious anemia due to absence of Intrinsic Factor
45
Pernicous anemia character?
Megaloblastic anemia and neuropathies
46
Vegan Px will have what Vit Def
Vit B12
47
Presence of Avidin result into
Biotin Def
48
Biotin Def will result into?
Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, glossitis, depression, and dry scaly dermatitis
49
Folic Acid Def result into?
Megaloblastic anemia, Glossitis, Diarrhea, Weight loss
50
Required for Pregnancy and Lactation
Folic Acid
51
Hypoervitaminosis B result into?
Peripheral neuropathies
52
Niacin excess:result into?
Flushing, pruritus, GI disturbances
53
Essential for the maintenance of the ground substance that binds cells together
Vit C
54
Needed in the formation and maintenance of collagen
Vit C
55
Vit C Def result into
Gum hemorrhage Scurvy Abnormal bone and tooth development in growing children
56
Excess Vit C result into
diarrhea due to intestinal irritation
57
Therapeutic role of Vit A
Cancer, Acne
58
Therapeutic role Vit C and E
Antioxidant
59
Therapeutic role Vit C, E, beta carotene
Anti atherosclerosis
60
Therapeutic role Niacin
lowers serum Cholesterol
61
Antioxidant properties of vitamins C and E inhibits
formation of Carcinogens
62
Antoxidant properties of Vitamin C, E and β-carotene
reduce LDL oxidation
63
Vit K given to neonated due to
Intestinal bacteria unable to produce the Vit
64
Folic acid given to pregnant women due to
Decrease risk of neural tube defects
65
Mineral oil, neomycin and cholestyramine impair
Vit A absorption
66
Oral contraceptives
Increase Vit A plasma levels
67
It Impair physiological function of vitamin A
Ethanol
68
What Enzyme does ethanol impairs
Alcohol dehydrogenase
69
Alcohol dehydrogenase def result to
Decreased conversion of retinol to retinal
70
how does Glucocorticoids affect Vit D
Interfere with hepatic metabolism of vitamin D
71
Phenobarbital, Phenytoin will cause
Accelerates degradation of vitamin D3 to inactive metabolites
72
Sunscreens will cause
Impairs synthesis of vitamin D3
73
Oral contraceptives will cause
Decrease plasma levels of ascorbic acid
74
Ethanol, phenytoin, oral contraceptives
Accelerates loss of folate
75
It Compete with folic acid for plasma protein binding
Salicytates
76
Folate antagonist which inhibits the biosynthesis of the coenzyme
Methotrexate

Pharma 4 (2 decks)

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