Viticulture Ch 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Where is vitis vinifera native to

A

Although known as the European vine it is native to the Middle East

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1
Q

How many acres in a hectare

A

2.47
1ha= 10,000sq meters
4840 sq years

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2
Q

What is a cultivar

A

Grape variety

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3
Q

What are the growth hormones that turn plant matter into crops

A

Gibberellins

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4
Q

What is the distance between nodes

A

Internode

The length determines how many buds occur on any given surface

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5
Q

What are the 5 main factors determining root size

A
Own roots or grafted
Type of rootstock
Soil conditions
Water supply
Climate
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6
Q

What are 4 main purposes of roots

A

Anchor the plant
Conduit for nutrients and moisture
Store reserves of nutrients and moisture
Barrier against variations of supplies

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7
Q

What degree on the top soil causes the plant to produce sap

A

10 degree Celsius

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8
Q

What is ONIVINS

A

France’s “office national interprofessionel des vins”

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9
Q

How many clones of Pinot noir allowed in France
Chardonnay in France
Chardonnay champagne

A

43
28
11 (CIVC) comite interprofessionel du vin de champagne

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10
Q

What is a scion

A

The productive top half of a grafted vine

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11
Q

What is layering

A

A method of filling in gaps in a vineyard by using shoots from a neighboring vine

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12
Q

What is the term for mass clonal selection

A

Selection massale

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13
Q

What is a chimera?

A

Also known as sport of bud sport

When a plant produces a shoot, leaf, flower or fruit markedly dissimilar from the norm

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14
Q

What are grapes with both red skin and flesh called

A

Teinturier

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15
Q

How is cross breeding accomplished

A

Pollen bearing anthers removed by tweezers (emasculation) and pollen from the male variety is then dusted onto the ovary

16
Q

What is the crossing of muller-Thurgau

A

Riesling and Madeline royale
Also known as Rivaner in Luxembourg
Riesling Silvaner as well
Developed by Dr. Hermann Muller in Geisenheim in 1882

17
Q

What is the crossing for Dornfelder

A

Developed by August Herold in 1955 at Weinsberg

Helfensteiner x heroldrebe

18
Q

What is the crossing for Scheurebe

A

Silvaner X riesling

19
Q

What is the crossing for Bacchus

A

Silvaner x riesling x muller Thurgau

20
Q

What is the crossing for Tarranga

A

Touriga x sultana

21
Q

What are interspecific crossings?

A

Combination of genes from two species i.e. Vinifera and non-vinifera

22
Q

Name 6 key non vinifera USA cultivars

A
Catawba
Clinton
Concord
Delaware
Niagara
Norton
23
Q

Name 2 interspecific crosses

A

Regent

Phoenix

24
Q

Name two synonyms for Zinfandel

A

Primitivo in Italy

Crjenak in Croatia

25
Q

What are abiotic factors

A

Non-living factors of the earth which effect the ability of living organisms to survive in an environment

26
Q

What is the name of the machine commonly used for grafting vines

A

Omega
Joins two halves of the vine - the single bud scion and the longer (300mm) piece of rootstock - with an omega shaped jigsaw type of joint which holds the scion and the rootstock tightly together

27
Q

What is the bark of a shoot called

A

Cambium

28
Q

What is layering

A

Provignage
Taking a suitably positioned cane from a neighboring vine and laying it down on the ground. This will cause it to grow roots and eventually it can be separated and grow on its own

29
Q

What is a downfall of layering

A

It will grow on its own rootstock = phylloxera

Inherits downfall of parent

30
Q

What is repiquage

A

Replanting young vines within old vines

31
Q

What is top-grafting

A

Taking a mature cropping vine and grafting wood containing buds from another variety onto the trunk