VN01

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

explores the reasons behind decisions

Question 2

Consequentialism

Answer 2

– examining the outcome and deciding what is ‘good’ or ‘bad’. Most popular being utilitarianism.

Question 3

Non – consequentialism

Answer 3

examines the ‘right’ or wrong of the decision despite consequence of action. Most popular is deontology.

Question 4

Utilitarianism

Answer 4

seeking pleasure and avoiding pain

Question 5

Deontology

Answer 5

rules must be followed no matter what the consequence.
‘The action that is considered ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ not the consequence’.

Question 6

Virtue ethics

Answer 6

maintains that if we are ‘virtuous’ or ‘morally’ good we will naturally act correctly in accordance with our character.

Question 7

Virtue

Answer 7

trait or quality deemed to be morally good e.g. honesty, kindness and patience

Question 8

Non- maleficence

Answer 8

obligation of a physician not to harm the patient.

Question 9

Justice

Answer 9

people are to be treated fairly, properly, and reasonably by the law and by arbiters of the law.

Question 10

Autonomy

Answer 10

ability to make your own decisions rather than being influenced by others telling you what to do.

Question 11

5 roles of RCVS:

Answer 11

1. Maintain register
2. Setting standards
3. Investigating complaints
4. Supporting education
5. Promoting animal wealth and welfare

Question 12

Microchipping of Dogs (England) regulations 2015 –

Answer 12

• All dogs aged 8 weeks and over must now be microchipped and registered onto an approved DEFRA microchipping database.
• If you do not follow this you will be served a notice to get the dog chipped within 21 days, if not followed you will be at risk of a £500 fine.

Question 13

Animal welfare organisations:

Answer 13

International Cat Care
Royal College of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) –

Rabbit Welfare Association and Fund (RWAF) –

Question 14

Health and safety at work act 1974

Answer 14

health and safety executive enforce the act with powers to inspect, issue improvement notices and prosecute non-compliance.
Aims to reduce accidents and illness by fostering a culture of safety in all work environments.
Applies to all businesses.

Question 15

Employee responsibilities:

Answer 15

• Ensuring they know how to use and maintain equipment safely such as z-ray machines.
• Identify and report risk/hazards to the appropriate people.
• Keeping themselves and others around them safe from harm
• Follow the requirements to maintain on the register

Question 16

Employer responsibilities:

Answer 16

• Ensuring they follow protocols.
• Ensure people are following industry regulations such as VSA 1966
• Carry out risk assessments to identify common hazards.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of procedures carried out by vet staff and implement new policies if needed.
• Ensuring equipment is regularly tested and safe to use.
• Ensuring people carry out CPD on protocols and. Procedures.

Question 17

Control of substances hazardous to health COSSH

Answer 17

aims to control and limit the exposure to substances that are hazardous to health.

Question 18

Hazardous drugs:

Answer 18

• Anaesthetic gasses
• cytotoxic drugs
• Chlorohexidine and iodine
• Zoonotic pathogens
• Formaldehyde
• Sharps
• Ethylene oxide

Question 19

Misuse of drugs regulations 2001 and the misuse of drugs act 1971

Answer 19

provides specific rules for the lawful possession, supply, production and handling of controlled drugs.
Establishes detailed guidelines on how vets can lawfully use controlled substances in treating animals.

Question 20

Reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations (RIDDOR)

Answer 20

requires employers and other people in charge of work premises to report and keep records of
* Work related fatalities
* Major work related injuries
* Diagnosed cases of reportable occupational diseases
* certain dangerous occurrences

Question 21

4 stages of risk assessment:

Answer 21

• Identifies the hazard
• Decide who might be harmed and how
• Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
• Record significant findings and review the assessment and update

Question 22

Informed consent

Answer 22

given after considering a range of reasonable treatment options associated with a range of factors. Clients are only able to give informed consent if they are fully aware of costs, treatment plan, benefits and drawbacks to each treatment and procedure.

Question 23

Types of consent:

Answer 23

• Verbal – given orally, can be used over the phone if owner isn’t present.
• Written – documented consent on a form needing for admitting for surgical and diagnostic procedures. Provides
• Expressed – clear and explicitly given. Can be verbally or written.
• Implied – inferred from owners’ actions. Eg owner bringing in animal into the practice.

Question 24

accountability

Answer 24

being responsible for your actions/decisions

Question 25

outline 5 types of bias

Answer 25

1. commercial bias 2. information bias 3. observer bias 4. interview bias 5. researcher bias

Question 26

difference between a risk and a hazard

Answer 26

risk- likelihood of harm occurring from hazard hazard- potential to cause harm

Question 27

beneficence

Answer 27

act as they believe in best interest of the patient

Question 28

whistleblowing

Answer 28

if you feel something is not right in practice it is reported to the correct person.