vocab 1

Question 1

Bark

Answer 1

all the tissues that has grown including the cambium taken collectively and forming the exterior of the eylem of a tree

Question 2

Bole

Answer 2

a tree stem that has grown to substantial thickness, generally capable of yielding sawtimber, veneer logs, large poles or pulpwood.

Question 3

Bolt

Answer 3

any short log cut to a specific length

Question 4

butt end

Answer 4

the end of a tree originally connected to the stump

Question 5

butt log

Answer 5

the lowest log on a bole

Question 6

butt rot

Answer 6

any decay or rot developing in and sometimes characteristically confined to the base or lower stem

Question 7

butt swell

Answer 7

the part of a log outside its normal taper, extending from where normal taper ends and the flare begins to the large end of the log

Question 8

caliper

Answer 8

an instrument for determining tree and log diameters by measurement of their rectangular projection on a straight graduated rule via two arms at right angles

Question 9

catface

Answer 9

a defect on the surface of a tree or log resulting from a wound where healing has not reestablished the normal cross section

Question 10

charred wood

Answer 10

wood converted to charcoal as a result of incomplete combustion

Question 11

conk

Answer 11

the fruiting body of a fungus denoting the presence of rot

Question 12

cull log

Answer 12

a log not meeting the specified product requirements due to defect

Question 13

defect

Answer 13

any imperfection occurring in and affecting the quantity of products which the log is being scaled

Question 14

diameter, small end

Answer 14

the average diameter inside bark at the upper end of the tree length or log segment

Question 15

DIB

Answer 15

abbreviation for Diameter Inside Bark, a measurement of the diameter at the point on a tree or log that includes wood only

Question 16

DOB

Answer 16

Diameter outside the bark, includes wood and bark

Question 17

firm red heart

Answer 17

a form of incipient decay characterized by a reddish color produced in the heartwood

Question 18

flare

Answer 18

a rapid increase in the taper of a log at the butt of a swell

Question 19

fork

Answer 19

a division of a log or stem of a tree into two or more prongs

Question 20

gross volume

Answer 20

total volume including defects

Question 21

heart check

Answer 21

a check or separation originating at the pitch and extending across the annul rings

Question 22

heart rot

Answer 22

any rot characteristically confined to the heart wood

Question 23

heartwood

Answer 23

the inner core of a woody stem wholly composed of nonliving cells usually differentiated from the outer enveloping layer by its darker color

Question 24

incipient decay

Answer 24

the early stage of decay in which the decay has not gone far enough to soften or change the hardness of the wood

Question 25

intermediate decay

Answer 25

more advanced decay, wood has changed color and has loss strength

Question 26

knot

Answer 26

a portion of a branch enclosed in the xylem

Question 27

log

Answer 27

a section of the bole of a felled tree, after trimming and cross cutting

Question 28

log rule

Answer 28

a table or equation, that estimates product yield, contained in logs of given length form and end diameter

Question 29

merchantable height

Answer 29

the measured length of the bole from a specified point from at or near the ground, to a height where it is too small or defective to meet a certain specified product

Question 30

missing wood

Answer 30

wood absent from a log or part of a log that otherwise would usually be regarded naturally complete. caused by fire, decay or machins

Question 31

net volume

Answer 31

the volume remaining after all deductions have been made for defects

Question 32

out of round

Answer 32

describes a shape that departs from circular

Question 33

ovendry

Answer 33

a condition where wood has ceased to lose moisture after being subjected to a temperature of 103C in ventilated oven

Question 34

pocket rot

Answer 34

in wood any rot localized in small areas, generally forming round or lens shaped cavities

Question 35

product

Answer 35

a commodity manufactured from a portion of a tree

Question 36

pulpwood

Answer 36

wood cut and prepared primarily for manufactured into pulp

Question 37

punky wood

Answer 37

a soft, week, often spongy wood condition caused by decay

Question 38

ring rot

Answer 38

any rot localized mainly in the early wood of annual rings giving a concentric pattern decay wood

Question 39

ring shake

Answer 39

a shake that separates between the annual rings and partially or completely encircles the pith

Question 40

round wood

Answer 40

any section of stem or of the thicker branches of a tree of commercial value that has been felled or cut but has not been processed

Question 41

sapwood

Answer 41

the living wood of pale color near the outside of the log

Question 42

scale

Answer 42

to measure or estimated the quantity, expressed as the volume or area or length or mass or number of products obtained from trees after they are felled

Question 43

scale stick

Answer 43

a graduated stick for measuring the end diameters of logs of felled trees inside the bark

Question 44

shake

Answer 44

a separation along the grain and occurring between or across the annual rings, but not extending from one surface to another

Question 45

soundwood

Answer 45

wood free from structural defect

Question 46

stem profile model/ taper equation

Answer 46

a math representation of a trees profile or shape

Question 47

sweep

Answer 47

a gradual curve in the length of a log as distinct from an abrupt bend or curve

Question 48

tarif

Answer 48

tabulated information, applied to a specific type of volume table