Vocab 1-8 (Includes reversed cards as well) Flashcards
(568 cards)
1
Q
audio output device
A
produces music, speech, or other sounds
1
Q
DVD-ROM
A
A a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase.
Requires a DVD-ROM drive
1
Q
Reverse?
Conveys meaning and is useful to people.
A
Information
1
Q
Reverse?
- Capacity
- Platters
- Read/Write Heads
- Cylinders
- Sectors and Tracks
- Revolutions per Minute
- Transfer Rate
- Access Time
A
Characteristics of a hard disk
2
Q
Reverse?
Has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries.
A
Ergonomic Keyboards
3
Q
Reverse?
Refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact.
A
Web 2.0
4
Q
GPU
A
The graphics processing unit: controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display device.
4
Q
supercomputer
A
The fastest, most powerful computer.- Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second.
4
Q
Reverse?
A case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data.
A
system unit
5
Q
connector
A
Joins a cable to a port.
5
Q
Reverse?
The computer hardware that records and/or retrieves items to and from storage media.
A
storage device
6
Q
Reverse?
Is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence.
A
Animation
7
Q
Reverse?
The process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow.
A
Streaming
8
Q
Reverse?
Entering sound into the computer:
- Speech
- Music
- Sound Effects
A
Audio Input
8
Q
Reverse?
Contains a magnetic stripe that stores information.
A
magnetic stripe card
9
Q
kilobytes (KB or K)
A
1 thousand bytes
9
Q
Reverse?
Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks:
- To make business activities more efficient
- To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
- To support home, personal, and educational tasks
- To facilitate communications
A
Application software
9
Q
Reverse?
An instruction a user issues when replying to a question displayed by a program.
A
user response
10
Q
Reverse?
Also known as digital literacy. Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.
A
computer literacy
10
Q
Reverse?
A socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.
A
expansion slot
11
Q
motherboard
A
The main circuit board of the system unit: A computer chip contains integrated circuits.
11
Q
pixel
A
The smallest element in an electronic display.
11
Q
Reverse?
A good output device (May require a converter if you are connecting your computer to an analog version).
A
Televisions
12
Q
A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
A
- Add and remove users, computers, and other devices.
- Install software and administer network security.
12
ALU
The arithmetic logic unit:
* performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.
12
CMOS technology
Provides high speeds and consumes little power.
12
Microfilm and microfiche
Store microscopic images of documents on a roll or sheet film.
12
# Reverse?
Develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.
programmer
12
# Reverse?
Are continuous and vary in strength and quality.
Analog signals
13
Force-feedback
Sends resistance to the device in response to actions of the user.
13
GUI
A Graphical User Interface uses icons and visual images (graphics), plus menus
13
# Reverse?
Involves reading characters from ordinary documents.
Optical character recognition (OCR)
14
# Reverse?
Output devices that are available for specific uses and applications:
1. Data projectors
2. Interactive whiteboards
3. Force-feedback game controllers
4. Tactile output
Other Output Devices
14
# Reverse?
Allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video on your computer.
media player
14
# Reverse?
A server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage.
NAS device
15
# Reverse?
The number of bytes a storage medium can hold.
Capacity
16
external hard disk
A separate free-standing hard disk that connects to your computer with a cable or wirelessly.
16
# Reverse?
Resides on a ROM\* chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device.
Examples:
1. Android
2. iOS
3. BlackBerry OS
4. Windows Phone 8
5. Symbian
6. WebOS
7. Windows Embedded CE
8. Embedded Linux
embedded operating system
16
# Reverse?
ARPANET\* in September 1969 and had two main goals:- Allow scientists in different physical locations to share information and work together- Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster or attack
Internet originated as
17
Web site
A collection of related Web pages and associated items.
17
The binary system
Uses two unique digits (0 and 1).
17
power supply
Converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power. Some external peripherals have an AC adapter, which is an external power supply.
17
# Reverse?
Does not lose contents when power is removed.
Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS.
Nonvolatile memory
18
high-speed broadband Internet service
1. Cable Internet Service
2. DSL
3. Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
4. Fixed Wireless- Cellular Radio Network
5. Wi-Fi
6. Satellite Internet Service
19
# Reverse?
An Internet-based storage service.
Examples:
1. Dropbox
2. SkyDrive
3. Google Drive
4. iCloud
Cloud storage
20
mainframe
A large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.
20
# Reverse?
controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display device.
The graphics processing unit (GPU)
21
# Reverse?
A collection of connected computers and devices, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media.
network
21
# Reverse?
Can store data using:
1. longitudinal recording
2. perpendicular recording (usually results in more storage capacity)
Hard disks data recording schemes
22
Spyware
A program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user.
22
Nonvolatile memory
Does not lose contents when power is removed.
Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS.
22
# Reverse?
A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
IP address
23
data projector
A device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen:
1. LCD projector
2. Digital light processing (DLP) projector
23
Voice input
The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone.
24
adware remover
Program that detects and deletes adware.
24
# Reverse?
Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.
personal computer
24
# Reverse?
A location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other.
chat room
24
# Reverse?
A type of digital video camera that enables a user to:
1. Capture video and still images
2. Send e-mail messages with video attachments
3. Add live images to instant messages
4. Broadcast live images over the Internet
5. Make video telephone calls
Web cam
25
booting
The process of starting or restarting a computer
26
thumbnail
A small version of a larger graphic.
26
Project management software
plan, schedule, track, and analyze project events, resources, and costs
26
# Reverse?
Removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files.
uninstaller
27
# Reverse?
A network administrator uses the __________________ to:
1. Add and remove users, computers, and other devices.
2. Install software and administer network security.
server operating system
27
# Reverse?
Converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process.
MICR reader
28
Digital signals
Are in one of two states: on or off.
Most computers are digital
29
# Reverse?
The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device.
Resolution
30
screen saver
Causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time.
30
Internet originated as
ARPANET\* in September 1969 and had two main goals:- Allow scientists in different physical locations to share information and work together.
Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster or attack
30
# Reverse?
A touch-sensitive display device.
touch screen
31
# Reverse?
Saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer.
Operating System Power Configuration - Hibernate
32
Operating System Power Configuration - Hibernate
Saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer.
32
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent Disks: a group of two or more integrated hard disks.
33
# Reverse?
Includes music, speech, or any other sound- Compressed to reduce file size.
Audio
34
RFID reader
Reads information on the tag via radio waves.
35
# Reverse?
Identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.
M-commerce
36
# Reverse?
Converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power.
Some external peripherals have an AC adapter, which is an external power supply.
power supply
37
PROM
Programmable read-only memory chips:
1. blank ROM chips that can be written to permanently.
2. EEPROM can be erased
37
# Reverse?
Allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs.
Web browser, or browser
38
Voice output
Occurs when you hear a person’s voice or when the computer talks to you through the speakers.
1. Some Web sites dedicate themselves to providing voice output.
2. Often works with voice input.
3. VoIP uses voice output and voice input.
38
Streaming
The process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow.
38
Analog signals
Are continuous and vary in strength and quality.
38
Plug and Play
The computer automatically can configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install them.
38
trackball
A stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side.
38
Formatting
The process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk.
38
# Reverse?
A computer's virtual memory subsystem is in a constant state of paging, rapidly exchanging data in memory for data on disk, to the exclusion of most application-level processing.
This causes the performance of the computer to degrade or collapse.
thrashing
38
# Reverse?
Detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs.
spyware remover
38
# Reverse?
Reads and writes data and information on a tape.
tape drive
39
personal computer
Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.
40
Number of bits stored in each pixel
Each pixel consists of one or more bits of data.
The more bits used to represent a pixel, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented.
41
# Reverse?
Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data.
system unit
42
# Reverse?
An ________ is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources.
1. Start and shut down a computer
2. Provide a user interface
3. Manage programs
4. Manage memory
5. Coordinate tasks
6. Configure devices
7. Establish an Internet connection
8. Monitor performance
9. Provide utilities
10. Automatically update
11. Control a network
12. Administer security
operating system (OS)
43
social networking Web site
Encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users.
44
Additional word processing features include:
1. AutoCorrect
2. AutoFormat
3. Collaboration
4. Columns
5. Grammar Checker
6. Plus 13 others
45
# Reverse?
An Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet.
Many operating systems include these capabilities.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
46
# Reverse?
Hides within or looks like a legitimate program.
Trojan horse
47
# Reverse?
A touch-sensitive device, resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on a connected computer screen.
interactive whiteboard
48
The system unit contains two types of memory:
1. Volatile memory.
2. Nonvolatile memory.
48
# Reverse?
Optimizes the use of RAM (Random Access Memory).
Memory management
48
# Reverse?
No one is in charge of it. Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network- The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and supports Open Stand, The Modern Paradigm for Standards.- Internet2 connects, via a high-speed private network, 220 universities, 60 leading corporations, 70 government agencies, 38 regional and state education networks, and more than 65 national research and education networking partners representing over 100 countries
Who is in charge of the internet?
48
# Reverse?
A program that extends the capability of a Web browser.
plug-in
49
# Reverse?
The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words.
Voice recognition
50
Trojan horse
Hides within or looks like a legitimate program.
50
embedded computer
A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.
50
Web server
A computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer.
50
# Reverse?
The computer automatically can configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install them.
Plug and Play
51
Memory management
Optimizes the use of RAM (Random Access Memory).
51
Factors affecting the Digital Cameras photo quality
1. Resolution
1. The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device
2. A pixel is the smallest element in an electronic display
2. Number of bits stored in each pixel
1. Each pixel consists of one or more bits of data
2. The more bits used to represent a pixel, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented
51
# Reverse?
produces music, speech, or other sounds
audio output device
51
# Reverse?
Occurs when you hear a person’s voice or when the computer talks to you through the speakers.
Some Web sites dedicate themselves to providing voice output.
Often works with voice input.
VoIP uses voice output and voice input.
Voice output
51
# Reverse?
Searches for and removes unnecessary files:
1. Downloaded program files
2. Temporary Internet files
3. Deleted files
4. Unused program files
disk cleanup utility
51
# Reverse?
Computing device small enough to hold in your hand.- Examples include:
1. smart phones
2. e-book readers
3. handheld computers
4. portable media players
5. wearable computers
6. digital cameras.
Mobile Device
53
# Reverse?
1. Windows Server 2012
2. UNIX
3. Linux
4. Solaris
5. NetWare
Server Operating Systems
54
# Reverse?
A document you return to the company that creates and sends it.
turnaround document
55
Cloud Backup Services
1. Range of storage capacities
2. Updates backup files to the Cloud in real-time
3. Access backup from any connected device
4. Files are encrypted
56
# Reverse?
You touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections.
pen input
57
# Reverse?
Program that detects and deletes adware.
adware remover
58
# Reverse?
Causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time.
screen saver
60
chat room
A location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other.
60
Application software
Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks:
1. To make business activities more efficient
2. To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
3. To support home, personal, and educational tasks
4. To facilitate communications
61
A graphic
A digital representation of non-text information.Graphic formats include:
1. BMP
2. GIF
3. JPEG
4. PNG
5. TIFF
61
# Reverse?
Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.
input device
62
Cold boot
Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely.
62
# Reverse?
A collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.
Clip art
63
# Reverse?
A stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side.
trackball
64
display device
Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information.
65
touchpad
A small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion.
66
# Reverse?
create, access, and manage data in a database.
Database Management System (DBMS)
67
# Reverse?
1. Single-user & Multi-user
2. Single-tasking & Multi-tasking
3. Foreground and background
4. Pre-emptive Multi-tasking
5. Multi-processing
How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity
67
# Reverse?
Reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.
disk defragmenter
68
Categories of E-Commerce
1. Business-to-consumer (B2C)
2. Business-to-business (B2B)
3. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
69
# Reverse?
The process of transferring items from memory (RAM) to a storage medium, as when saving a file.
Writing
71
# Reverse?
1. Computer-aided design (CAD)
2. Desktop publishing
3. Image editing
4. Video and audio editing
5. Multimedia authoring
Graphics and Multimedia Software
72
interactive whiteboard
A touch-sensitive device, resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on a connected computer screen.
72
Removable flash memory
Includes:
1. Memory cards
2. USB flash drives
3. PC Cards/ExpressCard modules
74
Clip art
A collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.
75
Video Input
Process of capturing and storing full-motion images:
1. Record video on a digital video (DV) camera or use a video capture card to convert analog signals to digital
2. Connect the camera to a port on the system unit
3. Transfer video and images
75
# Reverse?
devices read text printed with magnetized ink.
Banking industry uses _______ for check processing
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
76
Other Types of Storage
1. Tape
2. Magnetic stripe cards and smart cards
3. Microfilm and microfiche
4. Enterprise storage
77
# Reverse?
A worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
Internet
78
# Reverse?
A type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance tasks.
utility program
79
# Reverse?
Includes:
1. Memory cards
2. USB flash drives
3. PC Cards/ExpressCard modules
Removable flash memory
81
pointer
A small symbol on the screen whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device.
81
# Reverse?
An input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer.
keyboard
82
Information
Conveys meaning and is useful to people.
82
Web publishing
The development and maintenance of Web pages:
1. Plan a Web site
2. Analyze and design a Web site
3. Create a Web site
4. Deploy a Web site
5. Maintain a Web site
83
Operating systems often provide ways to:
1. Manage files
2. Search for files
3. View images
4. Secure a computer
5. Uninstall programs
6. Clean up disk space
7. Defragment disks
8. Diagnose problems
9. Back up files and disks
10. Configure screen savers
84
Green computing
Involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computerStrategies include:
1. Recycling
2. Regulating manufacturing processes
3. Extending the life of computers
4. Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
84
# Reverse?
Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper:
1. Ink-jet printers
2. Photo printers
3. Laser printers
4. Thermal printers
5. Mobile printers
6. Label and postage printers
7. Plotters
8. Large-format printers
nonimpact printer
86
Advantages of Using Computers
1. Speed
2. Reliability - rarely break or fail
3. Consistency - given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results.
4. Storage - Transfer data quickly.
5. Communications - share information easily and quickly
87
# Reverse?
The amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory: Measured in nanoseconds
Access time
88
terminal
A computer that allows users to send data to and/or receive information from a host computer.
1. A POS terminal - records purchases, processes payment, and updates inventory
2. An automated teller machine (ATM) - allows users to access their bank accounts
3. A DVD kiosk - a self-service DVD rental machine
89
# Reverse?
The main circuit board of the system unit:
A computer chip contains integrated circuits.
motherboard
90
Web 2.0
Refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact.
91
# Reverse?
A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical charge.
Eight ___ grouped together as a unit are called a \_\_\_. A ___ represents a single character in the computer.
Bits and bytes.
92
memory card
A a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer:
1. Secure Digital (SD)
2. CompactFlash (CF)
3. Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC)
4. microSD
5. microSDHC
6. xD Picture Card
7. Memory Stick (Sony)
8. Memory Stick Micro (M2) (Sony)
94
# Reverse?
A separate free-standing hard disk that connects to your computer with a cable or wirelessly.
external hard disk
95
# Reverse?
Joins a cable to a port.
connector
96
DBMS
Database Management System: create, access, manage data.
97
# Reverse?
The point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit (sometimes referred to as a jack).
port
98
OCR
Optical character recognition - involves reading characters from ordinary documents.
99
uninstaller
Removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files.
100
# Reverse?
Also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them.
1. System \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_: Operating system & Utility programs (“Utilities”)
2. Application \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Software
101
swap file
The operating system swaps files to and from memory and virtual memory as needed to speed up system performance and use the physical RAM more efficiently.
102
# Reverse?
Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely.
Cold boot
104
# Reverse?
Can be erased electronically and rewritten.
Flash memory
105
# Reverse?
Refers to any application that combines text with:
1. Graphics
2. Animation
3. Audio
4. Video
5. Virtual Reality
Multimedia
106
# Reverse?
A multisession optical disc on whichusers can write, but not erase.
CD-R
107
FTP
File Transfer Protocol - An Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet.
Many operating systems include FTP capabilities.
108
For every instruction ,a processor repeats a set of \_\_\_\_\_\_
Four basic operations, comprising a machine cycle:
1. The control unit fetches the math problem's instructions and data from memory.
2. The control unit decodes the math problems instructions and sends the instructions and data to the ALU.
3. The ALU performs calculations on the data.
4. The results of the math problem are stored in memory.
109
search utility
A a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify.
109
Always keep a _______ of your hard disk
backup
110
Charting (spreadsheet software)
Depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form.
111
# Reverse?
1. Volatile memory.
2. Nonvolatile memory.
The system unit contains two types of memory:
112
Characteristics of a hard disk:
1. Capacity
2. Platters
3. Read/Write Heads
4. Cylinders
5. Sectors and Tracks
6. Revolutions per Minute
7. Transfer Rate
8. Access Time
113
# Reverse?
1. Faster access time
2. Faster transfer rates
3. Generate less heat and consume less power
4. Last longer
5. No moving parts
6. Store data without power (unlike RAM in Sleep)
7. Faster read/write times
8. No fragmentation (unlike HDDs)
Advantages of SSDs over magnetic hard disks
115
thrashing
A computer's virtual memory subsystem is in a constant state of paging, rapidly exchanging data in memory for data on disk, to the exclusion of most application-level processing.
This causes the performance of the computer to degrade or collapse.
115
# Reverse?
A pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably:
Most widely used pointing device on desktop computers
Can be wired or wireless
mouse
117
# Reverse?
1. Word Processing
2. Spreadsheet
3. Database
4. Presentation
5. Note Taking
6. Personal Information Manager
7. Business Software for Phones
8. Business Software Suites
9. Project Management
10. Accounting- Document Management
11. Enterprise Computing Software
Business application software categories:
118
# Reverse?
Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media.
storage device
119
Internet and Network connections
Operating systems provide a means to establish Internet and Network connections
119
links
Code on a web page that directs the browser to bring you to another web page.
120
Netiquette
The code of acceptable Internet behavior.
120
Spreadsheet software
Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations.
120
Web page authoring software
Helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content.
121
# Reverse?
Electric, electronic, and mechanical components of a computer.
hardware
123
file manager
A utility that performs functions related to file management:
1. Displaying a list of files.
2. Organizing files in folders.
3. Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders.
4. Creating a shortcut (known as an alias in Mac OS).
124
Tabbed browsing
Allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window.
126
file compression utility
Shrinks the size of files
Compressing files frees up room on storage media
128
nonimpact printer
Forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper:
1. Ink-jet printers
2. Photo printers
3. Laser printers
4. Thermal printers
5. Mobile printers
6. Label and postage printers
7. Plotters- Large-format printers
128
antivirus program
Protects a computer against viruses.
129
URL\* or Web address
A unique address for a Web page.
131
# Reverse?
Translates the domain name into its associated IP address.
Domain Name System server: DNS server
132
Biometric Input
Biometrics authenticate identity by verifying a unique personal physical characteristic:
1. Fingerprint reader
2. Facial recognition
3. Hand geometry
4. Voice verification
5. Signature verification
6. Iris recognition
7. Retinal scan
8. Cardiac rhythm (ECG)
134
Note-taking software
Application software that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page.
134
# Reverse?
1 million bytes
megabytes (MB)
135
printer
Produces text and graphics on a physical medium
Printed information is called a hard copy, or printout
Print in Landscape or Portrait Orientation
136
smart card
Stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card.
138
# Reverse?
Allows users to create and manipulate documents.
Word processing software
140
# Reverse?
Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the dataStores three basic categories of items:
1. The operating system and other system software
2. Application programs
3. Data being processed and the resulting information
Memory
141
peripherals
Sound card and video card
142
The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:
1. Drive bay(s)
2. Power supply
3. Sound card
4. Video card
5. Processor
6. Memory
143
# Reverse?
refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.
Firmware uses \_\_\_.
Read-only memory (ROM)
145
Command Line Interface
A user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions
145
# Reverse?
Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper
Color or black-and-white
Printers with a higher dpi (dots per inch) produce a higher quality output.
ink-jet printer
147
# Reverse?
Allows users to copy files to another storage medium.
backup utility
148
removable hard disk
A hard disk that you insert and remove from a drive.
149
processor
Also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.
Contains a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU):
Types:
1. Dual-core processor
2. Quad-core processor
3. Multi-core processor
151
# Reverse?
A small version of a larger graphic.
thumbnail
152
utility program
Atype of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance tasks.
152
video conference
A meeting between two or more geographically separated people.
152
# Reverse?
The use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space.
Virtual reality (VR)
153
# Reverse?
Consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser:
1. Typically store software, data, movies, and music
2. Read only vs. rewritable
3. Commonly store items in a single track that spirals from the center of the disc to the edge
4. Track is divided into evenly sized sectors
optical disc
154
# Reverse?
The the process of transferring items from a storage medium into memory (RAM), as when opening a file.
Reading
155
Virtualization
The practice of sharing or pooling computing resources.
155
Web browser, or browser
Allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs.
156
# Reverse?
plan, schedule, track, and analyze project events, resources, and costs
Project management software
158
Televisions
A good output device (Require a converter if you are connecting your computer to an analog television).
158
# Reverse?
Holds data, instructions, and information for future use.
Storage
160
# Reverse?
Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.
Instructions can be entered into the computer in the form of programs, commands, and user responses.
Input
162
# Reverse?
1. Resolution
2. Response time
3. Brightness
4. Dot pitch
5. Contrast ratio
The quality of an LCD monitor or LCD screen depends primarily on:
163
paging
One of the memory-management schemes by which a computer can store and retrieve data from secondary storage for use in main memory.
The operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages.
164
# Reverse?
1. Produces color photo-lab-quality pictures.
2. Most use ink-jet technology.
3. PictBridge allows you to print photos directly from a digital camera.
4. Print from a memory card and preview photos on a built-in LCD screen.
Photo printer
166
# Reverse?
Helps users of all skill levels create Web pages that include multimedia and interactive content.
Web page authoring software
167
# Reverse?
Flash memory chips are a type of solid state media and contain no moving parts.
Flash Memory Storage
168
# Reverse?
A digital representation of non-text information.Graphic formats include:
1. BMP
2. GIF
3. JPEG
4. PNG
5. TIFF
A graphic
169
pen input
You touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections.
170
Who is in charge of the internet?
No one:- Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network- The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and supports Open Stand, The Modern Paradigm for Standards.- Internet2 connects, via a high-speed private network, 220 universities, 60 leading corporations, 70 government agencies, 38 regional and state education networks, and more than 65 national research and education networking partners representing over 100 countries
172
DNS server
Domain Name System server - Translates the domain name into its associated IP address.
173
Audio
Includes music, speech, or any other sound.
Compressed to reduce file size.
174
personal computer maintenance utility
Identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and can improve performance.
175
stand-alone operating system
A complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer or mobile computing device:
1. Windows 8
2. Mac OS X
3. Chrome
4. Linux
176
# Reverse?
Data that has been processed into a useful form.
Output
177
Ergonomics
Combines comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace.
178
output device
Any type of hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
Such as:
1. Display devices
2. Printers
3. Speakers, headphones, and earbuds
4. Data projectors
5. Interactive whiteboards
6. Force-feedback game controllers
7. Tactile output
180
Elements of an Information System
1. Hardware
2. Software
3. Data
4. People
5. Procedures
181
Cloud storage
An Internet-based storage service.
Examples:
1. Dropbox
2. SkyDrive
3. Google Drive
4. iCloud
182
# Reverse?
Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds.
Music Input
184
# Reverse?
Is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
185
# Reverse?
Type of CBT (Computer Based Training) consists of application software on the Web.
Web-based training
187
# Reverse?
Display devices that use gas plasma technology and offer screen sizes up to 150 inches.
Plasma monitors
188
# Reverse?
Can automatically install software updates
Windows Update and Mac Software Update
189
Mobile Computer
Personal computer you can carry from place to place.- Examples include:
1. notebook computers
2. laptop computers
3. netbooks
4. ultra-thins
5. Tablet PCs
190
# Reverse?
Stores huge volumes of data and information for large businesses:
Uses special hardware for heavy use, maximum availability, and maximum efficiency.
Enterprise storage
191
M-commerce
Identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices.
192
# Reverse?
Programmable read-only memory chips:
1. blank ROM chips that can be written to permanently
2. EEPROM can be erased
PROM
194
DTV
Digital television offers a crisper, higher-quality output.
194
Enterprise storage
Stores huge volumes of data and information for large businesses:
1. Uses special hardware for heavy use
2. maximum availability
3. maximum efficiency.
195
# Reverse?
A computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_.
FTP server
197
backup utility
Allows users to copy files to another storage medium.
198
monitor
Packaged as a separate peripheral:
1. LCD monitor
2. Widescreen
199
Other Output Devices
Other output devices are available for specific uses and applications:
1. Data projectors
2. Interactive whiteboards
3. Force-feedback game controllers
4. Tactile output
200
Voice recognition
The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words.
201
# Reverse?
The process of receiving information.
Downloading
202
# Reverse?
Measures:
1. The amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium.
2. The time required to deliver an item from memory to the processor.
Access time
203
plug-in
A program that extends the capability of a Web browser.
204
home page
Is the first page that a Web site displays.
205
storage media
The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information.
207
# Reverse?
A computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer.
Web server
207
# Reverse?
Application software that includes:
1. Appointment calendar
2. Address book
3. Notepad
Personal Information Manager (PIM)
209
# Reverse?
Involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer. Strategies include:
1. Recycling
2. Regulating manufacturing processes
3. Extending the life of computers
4. Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
Green computing
210
Web cam
A type of digital video camera that enables a user to:
1. Capture video and still images
2. Send e-mail messages with video attachments
3. Add live images to instant messages
4. Broadcast live images over the Internet
5. Make video telephone calls
211
mouse
A pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably.
Most widely used pointing device on desktop computers.
A mouse can be wired or wireless
213
# Reverse?
An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.
1. Collects data (input)
2. Processing
3. Produces information (output)
computer
214
Document management software
share, distribute, and search through documents by converting them into a format viewable by any user
215
bar code reader
Also called a bar code scanner: Uses laser beams to read bar codes.
215
# Reverse?
Are in one of two states: on or off.
Digital signals
Most computers are digital
216
# Reverse?
Obtain data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes place.
Used in:
1. Restaurants
2. Grocery stores
3. Factories
4. Warehouses
5. Outdoors
Data collection devices
217
# Reverse?
Stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card.
smart card
218
# Reverse?
The process of starting or restarting a computer
booting
219
# Reverse?
Protects a computer against viruses.
antivirus program
220
# Reverse?
Process of capturing and storing full-motion images:
* Record video on a digital video (DV) camera or use a video capture card to convert analog signals to digital
* Connect the camera to a port on the system unit
* Transfer video and images
Video Input
221
# Reverse?
The fastest, most powerful computer.- Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second.
supercomputer
222
# Reverse?
Visually conveys text, graphics, and video information.
display device
222
# Reverse?
One of the memory-management schemes by which a computer can store and retrieve data from secondary storage for use in main memory.
The operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called \_\_\_\_\_\_.
paging
_pages_
223
# Reverse?
A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Internet
224
Plasma monitors
Display devices that use gas plasma technology and offer screen sizes up to 150 inches.
226
magnetic stripe card
Contains a magnetic stripe that stores information.
227
storage medium
The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information.
228
# Reverse?
record and report financial transactions
Accounting software
229
touch screen
A touch-sensitive display device.
229
Scanners and Reading Devices
1. Flatbed
2. Pen or Handheld
3. Sheet-fed
4. Drum
231
E-commerce
A business transaction that occurs over an electronic network.
232
# Reverse?
1. Flatbed
2. Pen or Handheld
3. Sheet-fed
4. Drum
Scanners and Reading Devices
234
computer literacy
Also known as digital literacy.
Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.
235
# Reverse?
Process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware.
Installing
236
Music Input
Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds.
238
gigabytes (GB)
1 billion bytes
239
game console
A mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games.
240
System software
Consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
* Operating systems
* Utility Programs (Utilities)
242
chat
A real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer.
243
Audio Input
Entering sound into the computer:
1. Speech
2. Music
3. Sound Effects
245
# Reverse?
Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.
input device
246
RFID can track:
* Times of runners in a race
* Locations of soldiers
* Employee wardrobes
* Airline baggage
* Skiers’ lift tickets
* Inventory
* Pressure and temperature of tires
* Library books
* Toll payments
* Hospital blankets with newborns
247
# Reverse?
Saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.
Operating System Power Configuration - Sleep mode
248
# Reverse?
Provides the user with a physical response from the device.
Tactile output
249
network
A collection of connected computers and devices, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media.
250
# Reverse?
The operating system swaps files to and from memory and virtual memory as needed to speed up system performance and use the physical RAM more efficiently.
swap file
251
user response
An instruction a user issues when replying to a question displayed by a program.
252
USB port
Can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector.
You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a USB hub.
254
Flash Memory Storage
Flash memory chips are a type of solid state media and contain no moving parts.
256
# Reverse?
A program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user.
Spyware
257
# Reverse?
A _______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes.- 3-in-One (print, scan, copy)- 4-in-One adds FAX
multifunction peripheral (MFP)
259
# Reverse?
* Range of storage capacities
* Updates backup files to the Cloud in real-time
* Access backup from any connected device
* Files are encrypted
Cloud Backup Services
260
# Reverse?
Organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.
server operating system
261
virus
A potentially damaging computer program that has negative effects.
261
server
Controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network.
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.
262
performance monitor
A program that accesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.
263
# Reverse?
Each location in memory has an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Memory _______ is measured in:
* kilobytes (KB or K) - 1 thousand bytes
* megabytes (MB) - 1 million bytes
* gigabytes (GB) - 1 billion bytes
* terabytes (TB) - 1 trillion bytes
Memory address and size
264
server operating system
Organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.
Examples:
* Windows Server 2012
* UNIX
* Linux
* Solaris
* NetWare
265
# Reverse?
A business transaction that occurs over an electronic network.
E-commerce
266
computer
An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.
* Collects data (input)
* Processing
* Produces information (output)
267
MICR
magnetic ink character recognition: Devices read text printed with magnetized ink.
Banking industry uses MICR for check processing
269
Input
Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer: Instructions can be entered into the computer in the form of programs, commands, and user responses.
270
# Reverse?
A small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion.
touchpad
272
# Reverse?
Blu-ray Disc-ROM - has a storage capacity of 100 GB.
BD-ROM
273
# Reverse?
Provides high speeds and consumes little power.
CMOS technology
274
# Reverse?
A Graphical User Interface uses icons and visual images (graphics), plus menus
GUI
275
Installing
Process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware.
276
Virtual memory
A portion of a storage medium (e.g., hard drive) functioning as additional RAM.
277
# Reverse?
The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information.
storage media
279
# Reverse?
Can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector.
You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a USB hub.
USB port
280
# Reverse?
Acomplete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer or mobile computing device:
* Windows 8
* Mac OS X
* Chrome
* Linux
stand-alone operating system
281
# Reverse?
* Drive bay(s)
* Power supply
* Sound card
* Video card
* Processor
* Memory
The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:
282
# Reverse?
* Serves as the interface between the user, application software, and hardware
* Utility programs.
System software
282
# Reverse?
Read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as:
* Credit cards
* Entertainment cards
* Bank cards
* Other similar cards
Magnetic stripe card readers
283
# Reverse?
A a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify.
search utility
284
# Reverse?
Automatically configures new devices as you install them.
Plug and Play
285
# Reverse?
A real-time Internet communications service.
Instant messaging (IM)
286
# Reverse?
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed.
User Interface (UI)
288
# Reverse?
Allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file.
image viewer
290
Ergonomic Keyboards
Has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries.
291
Windows Update and Mac Software Update
Can automatically install software updates
292
# Reverse?
Consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
* Operating systems
* Utility Programs (Utilities)
System software
294
optical disc
Consists of a flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer that is written and read by a laser:
* Typically store software, data, movies, and music
* Read only vs. rewritable
* Commonly store items in a single track that spirals from the center of the disc to the edge
* Track is divided into evenly sized sectors
295
# Reverse?
Depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form.
Charting (spreadsheet software)
296
Word processing software
Allows users to create and manipulate documents.
297
# Reverse?
Identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and can improve performance.
personal computer maintenance utility
298
# Reverse?
A computer that allows users to send data to and/or receive information from a host computer.
* A POS _______ - records purchases, processes payment, and updates inventory
* An automated teller machine (ATM) - allows users to access their bank accounts
* A DVD kiosk - a self-service DVD rental machine
terminal
299
turnaround document
A document you return to the company that creates and sends it.
300
PIM
Personal Information Manager
Application software that includes:
* Appointment calendar
* Address book
* Notepad
301
system unit
Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data.
302
UI
A User Interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed.
304
OS
An operating system is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources.
* Start and shut down a computer
* Provide a user interface
* Manage programs
* Manage memory
* Coordinate tasks
* Configure devices
* Establish an Internet connection
* Monitor performance
* Provide utilities
* Automatically update
* Control a network
* Administer security
304
# Reverse?
The electronic equivalent of a user manual:
* You can ask a question or access the Help topics by subject or in alphabetical order.
Online Help
306
# Reverse?
Each pixel consists of one or more bits of data
The more bits used to represent a pixel, the more colors and shades of gray that can be represented.
Number of bits stored in each pixel
307
tape drive
Reads and writes data and information on a tape.
308
# Reverse?
The physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions, and information.
storage medium
310
Capacity
The number of bytes a storage medium can hold.
311
Memory cache
Speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.
312
disk cleanup utility
Searches for and removes unnecessary files:
* Downloaded programfiles
* Temporary Internetfiles
* Deleted files
* Unused program files
313
# Reverse?
A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.
embedded computer
314
# Reverse?
Uses two unique digits (0 and 1).
The binary system
316
Data collection devices
Obtain data directly at the location where the transaction or event takes place:
Used in:
* Restaurants
* Grocery stores
* Factories
* Warehouses
* Outdoors
317
pointing stick
A pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard.
318
# Reverse?
A unique address for a Web page.
URL\* or Web address
319
# Reverse?
Reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form.
restore utility
321
Memory
Consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data.
Stores three basic categories of items:
1. The operating system and other system software
2. Application programs
3. Data being processed and the resulting information
322
Graphics and Multimedia Software
* Computer-aided design (CAD)
* Desktop publishing
* Image editing
* Video and audio editing
* Multimedia authoring
323
# Reverse?
Allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group.
Presentation software
324
Operating System Power Configuration - Sleep mode
Saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.
324
# Reverse?
* Manage files
* Search for files
* View images
* Secure a computer
* Uninstall programs
* Clean up disk space
* Defragment disks
* Diagnose problems
* Back up files and disks
* Configure screen savers
Operating systems often provide ways to:
325
ROM
Read-only memory: refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.
Firmware uses ROM.
326
# Reverse?
Four basic operations, comprising a machine cycle:
1. The control unit fetches the math problem's instructions and data from memory.
2. The control unit decodes the math problems instructions and sends the instructions and data to the ALU.
3. The ALU performs calculations on the data.
4. The results of the math problem are stored in memory.
For every instruction ,a processor repeats a set of \_\_\_\_\_\_
327
Writing
The process of transferring items from memory (RAM) to a storage medium, as when saving a file.
329
expansion slot
A socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.
330
# Reverse?
The most advanced form of digital television.
HDTV
330
# Reverse?
1 billion bytes
gigabytes (GB)
332
# Reverse?
* AutoCorrect
* AutoFormat
* Collaboration
* Columns
* Grammar Checker
* Plus 13 others
Additional word processing features include:
334
# Reverse?
A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.
driver
336
# Reverse?
Is the first page that a Web site displays.
home page
337
# Reverse?
reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles.
Optical mark recognition (OMR)
339
Output
Data that has been processed into a useful form.
340
# Reverse?
1 trillion bytes
terabytes (TB)
341
The quality of an LCD monitor or LCD screen depends primarily on:
* Resolution
* Response time
* Brightness
* Dot pitch
* Contrast ratio
342
# Reverse?
The smallest element in an electronic display.
pixel
344
# Reverse?
Aprogram that accesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices.
performance monitor
345
# Reverse?
* trackball
* touchpad
* pointing stick
Other Pointing Devices
346
embedded operating system
Resides on a ROM\* chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device.
* Android
* iOS
* BlackBerry OS
* Windows Phone 8
* Symbian
* WebOS
* Windows Embedded CE
* Embedded Linux
348
# Reverse?
A series of related instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them.
Programs respond to commands that a user issues.
program
349
# Reverse?
* Hardware
* Software
* Data
* People
* Procedures
Elements of an Information System
350
Resolution
The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device.
A higher resolution uses a greater number of pixels
352
# Reverse?
An erasable multisession disc requiring use of a CD-RW drive.
CD-RW
354
ink-jet printer
* Forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of pape.
* Color or black-and-white
* Printers with a higher dpi (dots per inch) produce a higher quality output.
355
# Reverse?
The text version of an IP address Top-level domain (TLD).
domain name
356
# Reverse?
Speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.
Memory cache
357
# Reverse?
The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device: A higher resolution uses a greater number of pixels
Resolution
359
# Reverse?
Digital television offers a crisper, higher-quality output.
DTV
360
# Reverse?
The process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk.
Formatting
362
control unit
The component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
364
Photo printer
* Produces color photo-lab-quality pictures.
* Most use ink-jet technology.
* PictBridge allows you to print photos directly from a digital camera.
* Print from a memory card and preview photos on a built-in LCD screen.
365
boot drive
The drive from which your computer starts.
You can boot from a boot disk: A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer.
366
# Reverse?
Store microscopic images of documents on a roll or sheet film.
Microfilm and microfiche
367
# Reverse?
Programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed:
* Web filtering software
* Anti-spam programs
* Phishing filters
* Pop-up blockers
Filters
369
# Reverse?
A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and output of that data.
database
371
# Reverse?
Personal computer you can carry from place to place.
Examples include:
* notebook computers
* laptop computers
* netbooks
* ultra-thins
* Tablet PCs
Mobile Computer
372
personal firewall
Detects unauthorized intrusions and protects a personal computer from them.
374
MICR reader
Converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process.
375
# Reverse?
Also called the central processing unit (CPU):
* interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
* Contains a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
* Types Include:
* Dual-core processor
* Quad-core processor
* Multi-core processor
processor
376
# Reverse?
A device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen:
* LCD projector
* Digital light processing (DLP) projector
data projector
378
Benefits of Cloud storage:
* Access files from any Internet-connected computer
* Allow others to access files/collaborate online
* View time-critical data immediately
* Store offsite backups
* Provide data center functions
379
HDTV
The most advanced form of digital television.
380
# Reverse?
Produces text and graphics on a physical medium.
Printed information is called a hard copy, or printout.
Print in Landscape or Portrait Orientation
printer
381
# Reverse?
Writes text, graphic, audio, and video files to a recordable (R) or rewritable (RW) optical disc (typically a CD or DVD).
Disc burning software
383
access provider
A business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee.
385
# Reverse?
A business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee.
access provider
386
Bits and bytes.
* A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical charge
* Eight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte
* A byte represents a single character in the computer.
386
# Reverse?
performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
387
# Reverse?
Copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network.
worm
388
port
The point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit (sometimes referred to as a jack).
389
# Reverse?
A hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data. instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.
communications device
391
IP address
A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
392
Multimedia
Refers to any application that combines text with:
* Graphics
* Animation
* Audio
* Video
* Virtual Reality
393
# Reverse?
Sound card and video card
peripherals
394
OMR
Optical mark recognition - reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles.
396
# Reverse?
A real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer.
chat
398
Memory address and size
- Each location in memory has an address- Memory size is measured in:- kilobytes (KB or K) - 1 thousand bytes- megabytes (MB) - 1 million bytes- gigabytes (GB) - 1 billion bytes- terabytes (TB) - 1 trillion bytes
400
# Reverse?
Reads information on the tag via radio waves.
RFID reader
401
Online Help
The electronic equivalent of a user manual:- You can ask a question or access the Help topics by subject or in alphabetical order.
402
LCD
Liquid crystal display: uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device.LCD monitors use a digital signal and should plug into a DVI port, an HDMI port, or a DisplayPort
403
# Reverse?
Radio Frequency Identification: uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object or within a human body.
RFID
404
# Reverse?
A portion of a storage medium (e.g., hard drive) functioning as additional RAM.
Virtual memory
405
# Reverse?
Operating systems provide a means to establish Internet and Network connections
Internet and Network connections
406
# Reverse?
Combines comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace.
Ergonomics
407
IM
Instant messaging - A real-time Internet communications service.
408
# Reverse?
Consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages).
World Wide Web, or Web
410
NAS device
A server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage.
411
Storage
Holds data, instructions, and information for future use.
412
Tape
Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information.
413
# Reverse?
A pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard.
pointing stick
414
# Reverse?
Application software that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page.
Note-taking software
416
# Reverse?
Also called a bar code scanner: Uses laser beams to read bar codes.
bar code reader
417
input device
Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.
418
restore utility
Reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form.
419
Mouse operations
- Point- Click- Right-click- Double-click- Triple-click- Drag- Right-drag- Rotate wheel- Free-spin wheel- Press wheel- Tilt wheel- Press thumb button
420
head crash
Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter.
421
keyboard
An input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer.
422
Disc burning software
Writes text, graphic, audio, and video files to a recordable (R) or rewritable (RW) optical disc (typically a CD or DVD).
423
CD-R
A multisession optical disc on whichusers can write, but not erase.
424
# Reverse?
LCD's are designed/geared for a specific resolution
native resolution
425
Other Pointing Devices
- trackball - touchpad - pointing stick
426
disk defragmenter
Reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster.
427
# Reverse?
- Loses its contents when power is turned off.- Example includes RAM.
Volatile memory
429
insertion point
Also known as the cursor: A symbol on the screen that indicates where the next character you type will appear.
430
# Reverse?
A large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.
mainframe
432
# Reverse?
An input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen.
pointing device
433
# Reverse?
- Access files from any Internet-connected computer- Allow others to access files/collaborate online- View time-critical data immediately- Store offsite backups- Provide data center functions
Benefits of Cloud storage:
434
Downloading
The process of receiving information.
435
# Reverse?
backup
Always keep a _______ of your hard disk
436
Access time
The amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory: Measured in nanoseconds
Measures:
1. The amount of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a storage medium.
2. The time required to deliver an item from memory to the processor.
437
# Reverse?
A hard disk that you insert and remove from a drive.
removable hard disk
439
# Reverse?
Aany type of hardware component that conveys information to one or more people. Such as:- Display devices- Printers- Speakers, headphones, and earbuds- Data projectors- Interactive whiteboards- Force-feedback game controllers- Tactile output
output device
440
# Reverse?
Detects unauthorized intrusions and protects a personal computer from them.
personal firewall
441
# Reverse?
- Speed- Reliability - rarely break or fail- Consistency - given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results.- Storage - Transfer data quickly.- Communications - share information easily and quickly
Advantages of Using Computers
442
driver
A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.
443
# Reverse?
Occurs when a read/write head touches the surface of a platter.
head crash
444
SSDs
Solid State Drives (SSDs): - Available as replacements for hard disk drives- Available in many laptops and desktops
445
# Reverse?
A collection of individual programs available together as a unit.
software suite
446
Magnetic stripe card readers
Read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as:- Credit cards- Entertainment cards- Bank cards- Other similar cards
447
# Reverse?
share, distribute, and search through documents by converting them into a format viewable by any user
Document management software
448
# Reverse?
player
You listen to audio on your computer using a
449
Web-based training
Type of CBT (Computer Based Training) consists of application software on the Web.
451
Communications Software
- Web Browser- E-Mail- Instant Messaging- Chat Room- Text, Picture, Video Messaging- RSS Aggregator- Blogging- Newsgroup/Message Board- FTP- VoIP- Video Conferencing
452
Software
Also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them.- System Software: - Operating system - Utility programs (“Utilities”)- Application Software
453
hardware
Electric, electronic, and mechanical components of a computer.
455
# Reverse?
A a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer:- Secure Digital (SD)- CompactFlash (CF)- Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC)- microSD- microSDHC- xD Picture Card- Memory Stick (Sony)- Memory Stick Micro (M2) (Sony)
memory card
456
# Reverse?
- Business-to-consumer (B2C)- Business-to-business (B2B- Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
Categories of E-Commerce
457
hard disk
Contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information.
458
# Reverse?
A meeting between two or more geographically separated people.
video conference
459
Mobile Device
Computing device small enough to hold in your hand.- Examples include: smart phones, e-book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, wearable computers, and digital cameras.
460
Internet
A worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.
461
Volatile memory
- Loses its contents when power is turned off.- Example includes RAM.
462
pointing device
An input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen.
463
zipped files
Compressed files- Can be uncompressed with a utility program- Some self-extract- Most common compression type is .zip
465
CD-ROM
Can be read from, but not written to:- Read from a CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player
465
# Reverse?
Voice over Internet Protocol - enables users to speak to other users over the Internet. - Also called Internet telephony
VoIP
467
# Reverse?
1 thousand bytes
kilobytes (KB or K)
468
# Reverse?
Contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information.
hard disk
469
communications device
A hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data. instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.
470
# Reverse?
Liquid crystal display: uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device.LCD monitors use a digital signal and should plug into a DVI port, an HDMI port, or a DisplayPort
LCD
471
You listen to audio on your computer using a
player
472
program
A series of related instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them:- Programs respond to commands that a user issues.
473
# Reverse?
Two factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:- Resolution- Number of bits stored in each pixel
Digital Cameras
475
# Reverse?
Packaged as a separate peripheral:- LCD monitor- Widescreen
monitor
476
# Reverse?
Controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network.- Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.
server
477
USB flash drives
Plug into a USB port on a computer or mobile device.
478
DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and DVD+RAM
High-capacity rewritable DVD formats
479
# Reverse?
Redundant Array of Independent Disks - is a group of two or more integrated hard disks.
RAID
480
# Reverse?
A collection of related Web pages and associated items.
Web site
481
# Reverse?
The code of acceptable Internet behavior.
Netiquette
482
# Reverse?
The component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
control unit
483
FTP server
A computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP.
484
Video
Consists of images displayed in motion.
486
# Reverse?
A mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games.
game console
487
# Reverse?
A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
data
488
Business application software categories:
- Word Processing- Spreadsheet- Database- Presentation- Note Taking- Personal Information Manager- Business Software for Phones- Business Software Suites- Project Management- Accounting- Document Management- Enterprise Computing Software
489
native resolution
LCD's are designed/geared for a specific resolution
490
# Reverse?
A utility that performs functions related to file management:- Displaying a list of files.- Organizing files in folders.- Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders.- Creating a shortcut (known as an alias in Mac OS).
file manager
491
RFID
Radio Frequency Identification: uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object or within a human body.
493
# Reverse?
Combines Sleep and Hibernate
Operating System Power Configuration - Hybrid Sleep
494
# Reverse?
Also known as the cursor: A symbol on the screen that indicates where the next character you type will appear.
insertion point
496
data
A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
498
Hard disks data recording schemes
Can store data using:- longitudinal recording- perpendicular recording (usually results in more storage capacity)
499
# Reverse?
The drive from which your computer starts.- You can boot from a boot disk.- A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer.
boot drive
501
Advantages of SSDs over magnetic hard disks
- Faster access time- Faster transfer rates- Generate less heat and consume less power- Last longer- No moving parts- Store data without power (unlike RAM in Sleep)- Faster read/write times- No fragmentation (unlike HDDs)
502
terabytes (TB)
1 trillion bytes
504
# Reverse?
- Times of runners in a race- Locations of soldiers- Employee wardrobes- Airline baggage- Skiers’ lift tickets- Inventory- Pressure and temperature of tires- Library books- Toll payments- Hospital blankets with newborns
RFID can track:
505
adapter card
Enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals.
506
# Reverse?
Allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window.
Tabbed browsing
507
# Reverse?
The practice of sharing or pooling computing resources.
Virtualization
508
# Reverse?
Sends resistance to the device in response to actions of the user.
Force-feedback
509
# Reverse?
Internet Service Provider- Regional ISPs provide Internet access for a specific geographical area- National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwideWireless Internet Service Provider- Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices- May require a wireless modem
ISP
510
# Reverse?
Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
output device
511
# Reverse?
- Tape- Magnetic stripe cards and smart cards- Microfilm and microfiche- Enterprise storage
Other Types of Storage
513
image viewer
Allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file.
514
# Reverse?
Using the operating system to restart a computer.
Warm boot
515
# Reverse?
The development and maintenance of Web pages.- Plan a Web site- Analyze and design a Web site- Create a Web site- Deploy a Web site- Maintain a Web site
Web publishing
516
media player
Allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video on your computer.
517
# Reverse?
A processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to burn up.Require additional cooling:- Heat sinks- Liquid cooling technology
Processor
518
# Reverse?
- Point- Click- Right-click- Double-click- Triple-click- Drag- Right-drag- Rotate wheel- Free-spin wheel- Press wheel- Tilt wheel- Press thumb button
Mouse operations
519
spyware remover
Detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs.
520
Animation
Is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence.
521
software suite
A collection of individual programs available together as a unit.
522
Flash memory
Can be erased electronically and rewritten.
523
# Reverse?
Encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users.
social networking Web site
524
# Reverse?
A user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions
Command Line Interface
525
# Reverse?
Code on a web page that directs the browser to bring you to another web page.
links
526
MFP
A multifunction peripheral is a single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes.- 3-in-One (print, scan, copy)- 4-in-One adds FAX
527
# Reverse?
The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone.
Voice input
528
Filters
Programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed:- Web filtering software- Anti-spam programs- Phishing filters- Pop-up blockers
529
# Reverse?
Enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals.
adapter card
530
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange - is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data.
531
Reading
The the process of transferring items from a storage medium into memory (RAM), as when opening a file.
532
programmer
Develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.
533
database
A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and output of that data.
534
worm
Copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network.
535
Warm boot
Using the operating system to restart a computer.
536
# Reverse?
A a high-capacity optical disc on which users can read, but not write or erase:- Requires a DVD-ROM drive
DVD-ROM
537
BD-ROM
Blu-ray Disc-ROM - has a storage capacity of 100 GB.
538
# Reverse?
A potentially damaging computer program that has negative effects.
virus
539
# Reverse?
Biometrics authenticate identity by verifying a unique personal physical characteristic:- Fingerprint reader- Facial recognition- Hand geometry- Voice verification- Signature verification- Iris recognition- Retinal scan- Cardiac rhythm (ECG)
Biometric Input
540
megabytes (MB)
1 million bytes
541
# Reverse?
Can be read from, but not written to:- Read from a CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player
CD-ROM
542
# Reverse?
A small symbol on the screen whose location and shape change as a user moves a pointing device.
pointer
543
domain name
The text version of an IP address Top-level domain (TLD).
544
# Reverse?
- Web Browser- E-Mail- Instant Messaging- Chat Room- Text, Picture, Video Messaging- RSS Aggregator- Blogging- Newsgroup/Message Board- FTP- VoIP- Video Conferencing
Communications Software
545
# Reverse?
Plug into a USB port on a computer or mobile device.
USB flash drives
546
World Wide Web, or Web
Consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages).
546
Accounting software
record and report financial transactions
547
How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity
- Single-user & Multi-user- Single-tasking & Multi-tasking- Foreground and background- Pre-emptive Multi-tasking- Multi-processing
548
# Reverse?
Compressed files- Can be uncompressed with a utility program- Some self-extract- Most common compression type is .zip
zipped files
549
# Reverse?
High-capacity rewritable DVD formats
DVD-RW, DVD+RW, and DVD+RAM
550
# Reverse?
Shrinks the size of files;- Compressing files frees up room on storage media
file compression utility
551
Presentation software
Allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group.
553
VR
Virtual reality - The use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space.
554
# Reverse?
- Cable Internet Service- DSL- Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)- Fixed Wireless- Cellular Radio Network- Wi-Fi-Satellite Internet Service
high-speed broadband Internet service
555
CD-RW
An erasable multisession disc requiring use of a CD-RW drive.
557
Tactile output
Provides the user with a physical response from the device.
558
# Reverse?
Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations.
Spreadsheet software
559
Operating System Power Configuration - Hybrid Sleep
Combines Sleep and Hibernate
560
# Reverse?
A Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet.
Web application
561
storage device
The computer hardware that Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media.
562
# Reverse?
Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information.
Tape
563
# Reverse?
Solid State Drives (SSDs): - Available as replacements for hard disk drives- Available in many laptops and desktops
SSDs
564
Web application
A Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet.
565
ISP
Internet Service Provider- Regional ISPs provide Internet access for a specific geographical area- National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwideWireless Internet Service Provider- Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices- May require a wireless modem
566
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol - enables users to speak to other users over the Internet. - Also called Internet telephony
567
# Reverse?
Consists of images displayed in motion.
Video
568
Seven forms of application software
1. Package Software
2. Custom software
3. Web application
4. Open source software
5. Shareware
6. Freeware
7. Public-domain software
