vocab

Question 1

Individuals

Answer 1

a single thing or person

Question 2

Variable

Answer 2

one thing, a value, a characteristic that can be measured or recorded

Question 3

Categorical Variable

Answer 3

variables based on a quality (color,size,etc)

Question 4

Quantitative Variable

Answer 4

variables based on a number/count, something measurable

Question 5

DIscrete Variables

Answer 5

variables countable in a finite amount of time (coins in your pocket, money in your bank account)

Question 6

Continuous Variables

Answer 6

keeps going, impossible to ever finish counting

Question 7

Univariate Data

Answer 7

observations on only one characteristic or value

Question 8

Bivariate Data

Answer 8

data for two variables, usually related (ice cream sales and temperature on that day)

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

the pool from which a sample is drawn, the whole group

Question 10

Sample

Answer 10

a group taken from the population to make it more manageable

Question 11

Census

Answer 11

collection of data from an entire population

Question 12

Distribution

Answer 12

values and likelihoods of those values

Question 13

Inference

Answer 13

a guess or conclusion drawn from data

Question 14

Frequency Table

Answer 14

a table that lists items and the number of times they occur

Question 15

Relative Frequency Table

Answer 15

frequency table that also shows the number of times something occurs/the total trials

Question 16

Round-off error

Answer 16

the difference between a correct solution and a solution found using fewer decimals

Question 17

Pie Chart

Answer 17

a circular statistics graphic, divided into pieces to demonstrate proportion

Question 18

Bar Graph

Answer 18

a graph that depicts categorical data using proportional bars

Question 19

Two-way table

Answer 19

a table used to display frequencies or relative frequencies, one variable represented by a row, one by a column

Question 20

Marginal DIstribution

Answer 20

describes a segment of the data, the distribution of either the x or y variable

Question 21

Conditional Distribution

Answer 21

the probability distribution for a sub population

Question 22

Segmented Bar Graph

Answer 22

a bar graph that compares two or more categories within a data set

Question 23

Side-by-Side Bar Graph

Answer 23

different categories are placed next to each other for easy comparison within a data set

Question 24

Association

Answer 24

a statistical relationship between two variables

Question 25

Simpson's Paradox

Answer 25

a phenomenon in probability and statistics in which a trend appears in several groups of data but disappears or reverses when the groups are combined

Question 26

Dotplot

Answer 26

graph with data points plotted as dots on an x and y axis

Question 27

Shape

Answer 27

measures of shape describe distribution in a data set

Question 28

Mode

Answer 28

the number that is repeated most often

Question 29

Center

Answer 29

the middle of a distribution

Question 30

Spread

Answer 30

how similar or different a set of values are for a specific variable

Question 31

Range

Answer 31

difference between lowest and highest value

Question 32

Outlier

Answer 32

a data point that differs significantly from the other values

Question 33

Symmetric

Answer 33

when the values of variables appear at regular frequencies and the mean, median, and mode all occur at the same point. two sides that mirror one other.

Question 34

Skewed Right

Answer 34

distribution is one in which the tail is on the right side

Question 35

Skewed Left

Answer 35

distribution is one in which the tail is on the left side

Question 36

Unimodal

Answer 36

having one mode

Question 37

Bimodal

Answer 37

having two modes

Question 38

Multimodal

Answer 38

having many modes

Question 39

Stem Plot

Answer 39

a way to plot data where the data is split into stems (the largest digit) and leaves (the smallest digits)

Question 40

Back-to-Back Stem

Answer 40

Used to compare two sets of data. The leaves for one set of data are on one side of the stem, and the leaves for the other are on the other side

Question 41

Splitting Stems

Answer 41

stem-and-leaf plots that have more than 1 space on the stem for the same interval.

Question 42

Plots

Answer 42

usually a graph showing relationship between two variables, technique for representing a data set

Question 43

Histogram

Answer 43

display of statistical information that uses rectangles to show the frequency of data items

Question 44

Mean

Answer 44

the average, sum of all values over number of values

Question 45

Median

Answer 45

middle number of all values in sorted ascending order

Question 46

IQR

Answer 46

middle 50%, 75%-25%, between upper and lower quartiles

Question 47

Five-number summary

Answer 47

q1,q3,median, maximum, minimum- numbers that give you information about a data set

Question 48

Boxplot

Answer 48

method for graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their quartiles.

Question 49

Standard Deviation

Answer 49

tells you how spread out the data is from the mean

Question 50

Variance

Answer 50

refers to a statistical measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set.