vocab Flashcards
Cell wall
A rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
Chromatin
The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed
Nucleus
The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth
Ribosome
A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells
Cytoplasm
The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum smooth
Lacks ribosomes and helps synthesize and concentrate various substances needed by the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum rough
Series of connected flattened sacs, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins.
Golgi apparatus
That helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.
Vacuole
Helps sequester waste products, helps maintain water balance.
Lysosome
Is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts
Chloroplast
Organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy.
Mitochondria
Bean shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA
Cytoskeleton
A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
Cilia
A short microscopic hair like vibrating structure found in large numbers on the surface of certain cells, either causing currents in the surrounding fluid, or, in some protozoans and other small organisms, providing propulsion.
Flagella
A slender threadlike structure, especially a microscopic appendage that enables many protozoa bacteria, spermatozoa, etc. To swim
