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Honors Algebra II > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

An arithmetic progression or arithmetic sequence is a sequence of numbers such that the difference between the consecutive terms is constant.

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

A line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it at any finite distance.

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3
Q

Change of Base Formula

A

The change of base formula is used to re-write a logarithm operation as a fraction of logarithms with a new base.

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4
Q

Circle

A

A round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center).

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5
Q

Combined Variation

A

Combined variation describes a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others (when the rest of the variables are held constant).

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6
Q

Common Difference

A

The difference between two consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression.

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7
Q

Common Logarithm

A

The common logarithm is the logarithm with base 10.

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8
Q

Common Ratio

A

The common ratio is the amount between each number in a geometric sequence.

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

Completing the square means writing a quadratic in the form of a squared bracket and adding a constant if necessary.

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10
Q

Complex Conjugates

A

Each of two complex numbers having their real parts identical and their imaginary parts of equal magnitude but opposite sign.

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11
Q

Complex Number

A

Complex numbers are the numbers that are expressed in the form of a+ib where, a,b are real numbers and ‘i’ is an imaginary number called “iota”

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12
Q

Complex Fraction

A

A complex fraction can be defined as a fraction in which the denominator and numerator or both contain fractions.

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13
Q

Composition of Functions

A

It combines two or more functions to result in another function.

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14
Q

Compound Inequality

A

A compound inequality is a sentence with two inequality statements joined either by the word “or” or by the word “and.”

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15
Q

Conic Section

A

A figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone. Depending on the angle of the plane with respect to the cone, a conic section may be a circle, an ellipse, a parabola, or a hyperbola.

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16
Q

Consistant

A

If a system has at least one solution, it is said to be consistent .

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17
Q

Constant of Variation

A

The ratio between two variables in a direct variation or the product of two variables in an inverse variation.

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18
Q

Continuous Relation

A

A relation XR→Y is continuous if it is upper hemicontinuous and lower hemicontinuous.

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19
Q

Correlation Coeffecient

A

A number between −1 and +1 calculated so as to represent the linear dependence of two variables or sets of data.

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20
Q

Dependent

A

A variable whose value depends upon independent variable s

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21
Q

Dimensions of a Matrix

A

The dimensions of a matrix are the number of rows by the number of columns

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22
Q

Direct Variation

A

A relationship between two variables x and y

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

The discriminant is the part of the quadratic formula underneath the square root symbol: b²-4ac. The discriminant tells us whether there are two solutions, one solution, or no solutions.

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

A regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base.

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25
Q

End Behavior

A

Describes the behavior of the graph of the function at the “ends” of the x-axis.

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26
Q

Exponential Equation

A

An equation with exponents where the exponent (or) a part of the exponent is a variable.

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27
Q

Extraneous Solution

A

A solution, such as that to an equation, that emerges from the process of solving the problem but is not a valid solution to the problem

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28
Q

Extrema

A

The maximum or minimum value of a function.

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29
Q

Factor Theorem

A

Used to factor and find the roots of polynomials.

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30
Q

Finite Sequence

A

A grouping of numbers in a specific order with a clear starting point and stopping point.

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31
Q

Function

A

An activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.

32
Q

Geometric Sequence

A

A sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio.

33
Q

Greatest Integer Function

A

A function that results in the integer nearer to the given real number.

34
Q

Growth Factor

A

The factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time.

35
Q

Hyperbola

A

A symmetrical open curve formed by the intersection of a circular cone with a plane at a smaller angle with its axis than the side of the cone.

36
Q

Identity Function

A

A function that always returns the value that was used as its argument, unchanged.

37
Q

Imaginary Unit

A

A solution to the quadratic equation x² + 1 = 0. Although there is no real number with this property, i can be used to extend the real numbers to what are called complex numbers, using addition and multiplication.

38
Q

Inconsistent

A

Not staying the same throughout

39
Q

Independent

A

A mathematical variable that is independent of the other variables in an expression or function and whose value determines one or more of the values of the other variables

40
Q

Infinite Sequence

A

An infinite sequence is a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers

41
Q

Interval Notation

A

A way of writing subsets of the real number line

42
Q

Inverse Function

A

A function that undoes the action of the another function

43
Q

Inverse Relation

A

A relation obtained by interchanging or swapping the elements or coordinates of each ordered pair in the relation

44
Q

Inverse Variation

A

Mathematical relationship between two variables which can be expressed by an equation in which the product of two variables is equal to a constant.

45
Q

Joint Variation

A

Describes a situation where one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant

46
Q

Latus Rectum

A

The chord through a focus parallel to the conic section

47
Q

Linear Programming

A

A mathematical technique for maximizing or minimizing a linear function of several variables, such as output or cost.

48
Q

Logarithm

A

A quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number.

49
Q

Logistic Growth Model

A

A population’s per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity ( K).

50
Q

Matrix

A

A rectangular array of quantities or expressions in rows and columns that is treated as a single entity and manipulated according to particular rules.

51
Q

Nth Root

A

A number r which, when raised to the power n, yields x: where n is a positive integer, sometimes called the degree of the root.

52
Q

Natural Logarithm

A

A logarithm to the base e

53
Q

Negative Exponent

A

Repeated division by the base.

54
Q

Parabola

A

A symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side. The path of a projectile under the influence of gravity ideally follows a curve of this shape.

55
Q

Parent Function

A

The simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family.

56
Q

Piece Wise Defined Function

A

A function whose domain is divided into parts and each part is defined by a different function rule.

57
Q

Point-Slope Form

A

The equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1) where m is the slope of the line and (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a given point on the line — compare slope-intercept form.

58
Q

Quadratic Function

A

A polynomial function with one or more variables in which the highest exponent of the variable is two.

59
Q

Radicand

A

The value inside the radical symbol and the value you want to take the root of.

60
Q

Rate Of Change

A

A rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity.

61
Q

Rational Exponent

A

An exponent that is a fraction.

62
Q

Rational Exponent

A

An exponent that is a fraction.

63
Q

Rational Function

A

The ratio of two polynomials

64
Q

Rationalizing the Denominator

A

Moving the radical term (square root or cube root) to the numerator, such that a denominator is a whole number.

65
Q

Recursive Formula

A

An equation that uses a rule to generate the next term in the sequence from the previous term or terms.

66
Q

Regression Line

A

A line that best describes the behavior of a set of data.

67
Q

Relative Maximum

A

A relative maximum point on a function is a point (x,y) on the graph of the function whose y -coordinate is larger than all other y -coordinates on the graph at points.

68
Q

Relative Minimum

A

All the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood.

69
Q

Root

A

A number or quantity that when multiplied by itself, typically a specified number of times, gives a specified number or quantity.

70
Q

Scatter Plot

A

A graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present.

71
Q

Sequence

A

A list of numbers or objects in a special order

72
Q

Set Builder Notation

A

A mathematical notation for describing a set by representing its elements or explaining the properties that its members must satisfy.

73
Q

Step Function

A

A function that increases or decreases abruptly from one constant value to another.

74
Q

Synthetic Division

A

A method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than long division.

75
Q

Vertex Form

A

A point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet.

76
Q

Vertical Line Test

A

A method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not.

Honors Algebra II (1 decks)

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