vocab

Question 1

the ___ is a part of the population that we actually examine in order to gather information

Answer 1

sample

Question 2

_____ is when the treatment is repeated on a large enough number of people to allow the effects to be seen

Answer 2

replication

Question 3

____ experiments is the imitation of chance behavior, based on a model, that accurately reflects the experiment under consideration

Answer 3

simulation

Question 4

The individuals on whom the experiment is being done on are the ___ units, but when humans they are subjects

Answer 4

experimental

Question 5

____ is the fundamental principle of experimental design. A researcher tries to _____ for possible effects of extraneous variables

Answer 5

control

Question 6

____ design, similar to stratification, is a group of subjects that are similar in ways that were expected to affect the response of the treatments

Answer 6

block

Question 7

_____ bias occurs when individuals, who are selected, do not participate, or cannot be contact

Answer 7

nonresponse

Question 8

an ____ study observes individuals and measures variables of interest, but does not attempt to influence the response

Answer 8

observational

Question 9

_____ sampling chooses individuals that are the easiest to reach

Answer 9

convenience

Question 10

a ____ ____ sample of size n is is chosen in such a way that every set of n individuals from the population have an equal chance to be the sample actually selected

Answer 10

simple random

Question 11

The design of a study is ______ if it systematically favors certain outcomes

Answer 11

bias

Question 12

______ ______ is a form of blocking for comparing to treatments. Receive one treatment, then the other in the order is chosen at random.

Answer 12

matched pairs

Question 13

________ bias occurs when individuals participate, but do not respond, truthfully, or accurately due to the way the question is worded; the presence of an observer; fear of a negative reaction

Answer 13

response

Question 14

_____ random sample is when you divide the population in a strata, choose an SRS in each sample, and combine the SRS’s to get a bigger sample

Answer 14

stratified

Question 15

____ is when subjects are assigned by pure chance to different groups. Creates groups that are similar

Answer 15

randomization

Question 16

____ is a specific experimental condition applied to subjects

Answer 16

treatment

Question 17

The entire group of individuals that we want information about

Answer 17

population

Question 18

a _____ sample gives each member of the population, a known chance (greater than zero) of being chosen

Answer 18

probability

Question 19

another name for an explanatory variable is ____

Answer 19

factor

Question 20

______ significant is when an observed result is too unusual to be an outcome by pure chance

Answer 20

statistically

Question 21

_____ is a dummy treatment that has no physical effect on the subjects

Answer 21

placebo

Question 22

_____ response variable - consist of people who choose themselves for a sample by responding to a general appeal

Answer 22

voluntary

Question 23

_____ ______ experiment is when neither the subjects nor the people who have contact with them know which treatment a subject is receiving

Answer 23

double blind

Question 24

an ____ deliberately imposes some treatment on individuals, in order to observe the responses

Answer 24

experiment