Vocab Flashcards
(48 cards)
Social contract
A contract that if agreed to would give up some rights to a strong central government in return for protection and benefits
Empiricism
The belief that knowledge comes from sensed experience
Nationalism
A feeling of intense loyalty to others who share language and culture ( caused by the breakups of empires )
The enlightenment
The shift from tradition to reason and individualism over community values
Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott
Women’s activists who declared women and men are equal
Olympe de gouges declaration of the rights of women and the female citizen
Written to point out that women’s rights had not been addressed
Mary wollstonecrafts vindication of the rights of women
Argued that female and males should get the same education
Thomas Hobbes
Wrote leviathan and argued that people’s natural state was to live in a bleak world where life was nasty, Brutish, and short
John Locke
Argued that people had natural rights to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness
Baron Montesquieu
The spirit of the laws / praised British government and liked parliament and influenced American system
Voltaire
Candide / campaigned for religious liberty and judicial reform and his idea of religious liberty influenced American constitution
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
On education and the social contract / expanded idea of social contract and inspired revolutions
Adam smith
The wealth of nations / most influential thinker in the englightment. Believed in laissez faire: govt should reduce intervention in economic decisions and believed in capitalism: production are privately owned and operated for profit
Deists
Believed in deism which was the belief that a divinity simply set natural laws in motion
Medieval scholasticism
Argued through writing and debate on (Aristotle) and used reason to defend faith
Renaissance humanism
Emphasized human achievements and focused on secularism and the individual
Conservatism
Believed in traditional institutions
Socialism
Public or direct worker ownership of the means of production
Utopian socialism
Where society could be channeled in positive directions by setting up ideal communities
Henri de saint simon
Utopian socialists / Believed scientist and engineers could produce clean and efficient places to work
Charles Fourier
Utopian socialist / believed of workers are encouraged it would make work mroe enjoyable
Robert Owen’s
Utopian socialist / believed in child education, communal ownership of property, and community rules
Fabian societies
Gradual socialists who favored reforming society by parliamentary means
Classical liberalism
Believed in Natural rights, constitutional government, laissez faire economics, reduced spending on armies and churches
