Vocab Flashcards
(457 cards)
1
Q
A
2
Q
A communi observantia non est rece dendum.
A
Common observance is not to be departed from.
3
Q
A digniori fieri debet denominatio et resolutio.
A
The title and exposition ought to be made from that which is most worthy.
4
Q
A facto ad jus non datur consequentia.
A
A fact does not necessarily constitute a right.
5
Q
A latere ascendit jus.
A
A right ascends collaterally.
6
Q
A l’impossible nul n’est tenu.
A
No one is bound to do what is impossible.
7
Q
A non posse ad non esse sequitur argumentum necessario negative, licit non affirmative.
A
If a thing be not possible, an argument in the negative may be deduced, namely, that it has no existence; but an argument in the affirmative cannot be deduced, namely, that if a thing is possible it is in existence.
8
Q
A piratis aut latronibus capti liberi per manent.
A
Things do not change their ownership when captured by pirates and robbers.
9
Q
A principalioribus seu dignioribus est inchoandum.
A
We should begin with the principal and most worthy parts.
10
Q
A rescriptis valet argumentum.
A
An argument drawn from rescripts is sound.
11
Q
A summo remedio ad inferiorem actionem, non habetur ingressus, neque auxilium.
A
From the highest remedy to a lower action there is neither ingress nor assistance.
12
Q
A verbis legis non est recedendum.
A
From the words of the law there is no receding.
13
Q
Ab alio expectes, alteri quod feceris.
A
Expect from others the same treatment that they receive from you.
14
Q
Ab assuetis non fit injuria.
A
No injury is done by things long acquiesced in.
15
Q
Abbreviationum ille numerus et sensus accipiendus est, ut concessio non sit inanis.
A
In abbreviations, that number and sense is to be taken by which the meaning is not rendered void.
16
Q
Absentem accipere debemus eum qui non est eo loci in quo petitur.
A
We must call him absent who is not in that place in which he is sought.
17
Q
Absentia ejus qui reipublicæ causa abest, neque ei neque alii damnosa esse debet.
A
The absence of him who is employed in the service of the State, ought not to be prejudicial to him nor to others.
18
Q
Absoluta sententia expositione non indiget.
A
An absolute sentence needs no exposition.
19
Q
Absolutum dominium in omnibus licitis.
A
Absolute power in all things lawful.
20
Q
Absurdum est affirmare (re judicata) credendum esse, non judici.
A
It is absurd to affirm that the record of judgment is to be relied upon, and not the judge.
21
Q
Abundans cautela non nocet.
A
Abundant caution does no injury.
22
Q
Accessorium non ducit, sed sequitur suum principale.
A
An accessory does not lead, but follows his principal.
23
Q
Accessorium sequitur naturam rei cui accedit.
A
The incident follows the nature of the thing to which it is accessory.
24
Q
Accessorius sequitur naturam sui principalis.
A
An accessory follows the nature of its principal.
25
Accipere quid ut justitiam facias, non est tam accipere quam extorquere.
To accept anything as a reward for doing justice, is not accepting but extorting.
26
Accusare nemo se debet, nisi coram Deo.
No one is bound to accuse himself, except before God.
27
Accusator post rationabile tempus non est audiendus, nisi se bene de omissione excusaverit.
An accuser should not be heard after a reasonable time has expired, unless he can account satisfactorily for the delay.
28
Acta exteriora indicant interiora secreta.
External actions show the secret intentions.
29
Actio casus apud nostrates ea est, qua ut inter bonos bene agere opporteat, et sine frauda tione.
In pleading a cause among our countrymen we should act fairly as becomes good men, and not defraud anyone.
30
Actio contra defunctum coepta continua tus in hæredes.
An action against a deceased person continues in the heirs.
31
Actio est jus prosequendi in judicio quod alicui debetur.
An action is the right of prosecuting to judgment that which is one's due.
32
Actio non datur non damnificato.
An action is not given to him who is not injured.
33
Actio non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea.
An action does not make one guilty, unless the intention be bad.
34
Actio pænalis in hæredem non datur, nisi forte ex damno locupletior hæres factus sit.
A penal action does not lie against the heir, unless indeed the heir is benefited from the wrong.
35
Actio personalis moritur cum persona.
A personal action dies with the person.
36
Actio quælibet in sua vita.
Every action proceeds in its own way.
37
Actiones compositæ sunt, quibus inter se homines disceptarent, quas actiones, ne populus prout vellet institueret, certas solemn esque esse voluerunt.
Actions are disposed by which men dispute among themselves, which actions are made definite and solemn, lest the people proceed as they think proper.
38
Actiones in personam, quæ adversus eum intenduntur, qui ex contractu vel delicto obligatus est aliquid dare vel concedere.
Personal actions are those which are brought against him who, from a contract or a tort, is obliged to give or allow something.
39
Actionum genera maxime sunt servanda.
The correct form of action should be followed.
40
Actionum quædam sunt in rem, quædam in personam, et quædam mixtæ.
Some actions are against the thing, others against the person, and others are mixed.
41
Actor qui contra regulam quid aduxit, non est audiendus.
A pleader should not be heard who advances a proposition, contrary to rules of law.
42
Actor sequitur forum rei.
The plaintiff follows the forum of the thing in question.
43
Actore non probante reus absolvitur.
The defendant is absolved if the plaintiff does not prove his case.
44
Acts indicate the intention.
Acts indicate the intention.
45
Actori incumbit onus probandi.
The burden of proof lies with the plaintiff.
46
Actus curiæ neminem gravabit.
An act of the court injures no one.
47
Actus Dei nemini facit injuriam.
An act of God injures no one.
48
Actus inceptus, cujus perfectio pendet voluntate partium, revocari potest; si autem pendet ex voluntate tertiæ personæ, vel ex contingenti, revocari non potest.
An act already begun, the completion of which depends upon the parties, may be recalled; but, if it depend on the consent of a third person, or on a contingency, it cannot.
49
Actus judiciarius coram non judice irritus habetur; de ministeriali autem a quocunque provenit ratum esto.
A judicial act done in excess of authority is not binding; otherwise, if it be a ministerial act.
50
Actus legis nemini est damnosus.
An act of the law is prejudicial to no one.
51
Actus legis nemini facit injuriam.
An act of the law injures no one.
52
Actus legitimi non recipiunt modum.
Legitimate actions require no qualifications.
53
Actus me invito factus, non est meus actus.
An act done without my consent is not my act.
54
Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea.
An act itself does not make one guilty, unless done with guilty intent.
55
Actus repugnum non potest in esse produci.
A repugnant act cannot be brought into being.
56
Actus servi in iis quibus opera ejus, communitur adhibita est, actus domini habetur.
The act of a servant in which he is usually employed, is considered the act of his master.
57
Additio probat minoritatem.
An addition proves inferiority.
58
Ad ea quæ frequentius accidunt jura adaptantur.
Laws are adapted to cases which most frequently occur.
59
Adjournamentum est ad diem dicere seu diem dare.
An adjournment is to appoint a day or to give a day.
60
Admiralitas jurisdictionem non habet super iis quæ communi lege dirimuntur.
An admiralty court has no jurisdiction over those questions which are determined by the common law.
61
Ad officium justiciariorum spectat, uni cuique coram eis placitanti justitiam exhibere.
It is the duty of justices to administer justice to everyone seeking it from him.
62
Ad proximum antecedens fiat relatio, nisi impediatur sententia.
The antecedent refers to the next relative, unless it obstructs the sentence.
63
Ad quæstionem facti non respondent judices; ad quæstionem juris non respondent juratores.
To questions of fact judges do not answer; to questions of law the jury do not answer.
64
Ad quæstiones legis judices, et non juratores respondent.
Judges, and not juries, respond to questions of law.
65
Ad recte docendum oportet, primum inquirere nomina, quia rerum cognitio a nominibus rerum dependet.
In order rightly to comprehend a thing, enquire first into the names, for a right knowledge of things depends upon their names.
66
Ad tristem partem strenua est suspicio.
Suspicion rests strongly on the unfortunate side.
67
Adversus periculum naturalis ratio permittit se defendere.
Natural reason allows one to defend himself against danger.
68
Edificare in tuo proprio solo non licet quod alteri noceat.
It is not lawful to build upon your own land so as to injure that of others.
69
Ædificatum solo, solo cedit.
That which is built upon the land goes with the land.
70
Ædificia solo cedunt.
Buildings pass with a grant of land.
71
Æquitas agit in personam.
Equity acts upon the person.
72
Æquitas casibus medetur.
Equity relieves against accidents.
73
Equitas defectus supplet.
Equity supplies defects.
74
Æquitas erroribus medetur.
Equity remedies errors.
75
Æquitas est correctio legis generaliter latæ, qua parte deficit.
Equity is the correction of law, when too general, in the part in which it is defective.
76
Æquitas est correctio quædam legi adhibita, quia ab ea abest aliquid propter generalem sine exceptione comprehensionem.
Equity is a certain correction applied to law, because on account of its general comprehensiveness, without an exception something is absent from it.
77
Æquitas est perfecta quædam ratio quæ jus scriptum interpretatur et emendat; nulla scriptura comprehensa, sed sola ratione consistens.
Equity is a kind of perfect reason which interprets and amends the written law; comprehended in no code, but consistent with reason alone.
78
Æquitas est quasi equalitas.
Equity is as it were equality.
79
Æquitas ex lege generaliter lata aliquid excipit.
Equity admits an exception from a generally enacted law.
80
What is equity?
Equity is a kind of perfect reason which interprets and amends the written law; comprehended in no code, but consistent with reason alone.
81
What does 'Æquitas est quasi equalitas' mean?
Equity is as it were equality.
## Footnote
(COKE, LITT. 24.)
82
What does 'Æquitas ex lege generaliter lata aliquid excipit' signify?
Equity admits an exception from a generally enacted law.
## Footnote
(PloWD. 362.)
83
What does 'æquitas ignorantiæ opitulatur, oscitantiæ non item' imply?
Equity assists ignorance, but not carelessness.
## Footnote
(PloWD. 84.)
84
What does 'Æquitas in eum qui vult summo jure agere, summum jus intendit' state?
Equity strains the utmost point of law toward the person who wishes to act according to the strictness of the law.
## Footnote
(PLOWD. 340.)
85
What does 'Æquitas in paribus causis paria jura desiderat' mean?
Equity in like cases requires like laws.
## Footnote
(PlowD, 385.)
86
What does 'Æquitas jurisdictione non confundit' indicate?
Jurisdiction is not confounded by equity.
## Footnote
(PLOWD. 393.)
87
What does 'Equitas liberationi et seizinæ favet' express?
Equity favors deliverance and seisin.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 536.)
88
What does 'Æquitas naturam rei non mutat' mean?
Equity changes not the manner of things.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 536.)
89
What does 'Æquitas neminem juvat cum injuria alterius' signify?
Equity assists no person to the injury of another.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 397.)
90
What does 'Æquitas nil statuit, nisi in partes' imply?
Equity determines nothing except toward the parties.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 383.)
91
What does 'Æquitas nomine pænæ constitutis remedium ex æquo et bono præstat' mean?
Equity constitutes a remedy to things which have been appointed, under the name of punishment, agreeable to what is just and good.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 495.)
92
What does 'Æquitas non facit jus, sed juri auxiliatur' indicate?
Equity does not make law, but assists law.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 379.)
93
What does 'Æquitas non medetur defectu eorum quæ jure positivo requisita alium' express?
Equity does not supply the defects of those things which are required by positive law.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 369.)
94
What does 'Æquitas non sinit ut eandem rem duplici via simul quis persequatur' mean?
Equity will not allow a double satisfaction to be given.
## Footnote
(FRANCIS, 11.)
95
What does 'Equitas non supplet ea quæ in manu orantis esse possunt' signify?
Equity does not supply those things which are within the applicant's grasp.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 391.)
96
What does 'Æquitas non tenetur adjuvare, ubi non est nodus dignus vindice' imply?
Equity will not assist unless the occasion renders it necessary.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 392.)
97
What does 'Æquitas non vaga atque incerta est, sed terminos habet atque limites præfinitas' mean?
Equity is not vague and uncertain, but has determined boundaries and limits.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 375.)
98
What does 'Æquitas non vult res novas atque inusitatas inducere' express?
Equity does not incline to introduce new and unusual things.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 376.)
99
What does 'Æquitas nunquam contravenit legis' signify?
Equity never contradicts the law.
100
What does 'Æquitas nunquam liti ancillatur ubi remedium potest dare' mean?
Equity is not the handmaid of strife when she can give a remedy.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 501.)
101
What does 'Æquitas opitulatur ubi pensationi damni locus est' indicate?
Equity assists when there is room for a compensation of a loss.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 503.)
102
What does 'Æquitas pars legis Angliæ' express?
Equity is a part of the English law.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 497.)
103
What does 'Æquitas rei oppignoratæ redemptionibus favet' mean?
Equity favors the redemption of a thing in pawn.
## Footnote
(LOFFT, 386.)
104
What does 'Equitas rem ipsam intuetur de forma et circumstantiis minus anxia' signify?
Equity does not regard the form and circumstance, but rather the substance of the act.
## Footnote
(FRANCIS, 13.)
105
A communi observantia non est recedendum.
Common observance is not to be departed from.
106
A digniori fieri debet denominatio et resolutio.
The title and exposition ought to be made from that which is most worthy.
107
A facto ad jus non datur consequentia.
A fact does not necessarily constitute a right.
108
A latere ascendit jus.
A right ascends collaterally.
109
A l'impossible nul n'est tenu.
No one is bound to do what is impossible.
110
A non posse ad non esse sequitur argumentum necessario negative, licit non affirmative.
If a thing be not possible, an argument in the negative may be deduced, namely, that it has no existence; but an argument in the affirmative cannot be deduced, namely, that if a thing is possible it is in existence.
111
A piratis aut latronibus capti liberi permanent.
Things do not change their ownership when captured by pirates and robbers.
112
A principalioribus seu dignioribus est inchoandum.
We should begin with the principal and most worthy parts.
113
A rescriptis valet argumentum.
An argument drawn from rescripts is sound.
114
A summo remedio ad inferiorem actionem, non habetur ingressus, neque auxilium.
From the highest remedy to a lower action there is neither ingress nor assistance.
115
A verbis legis non est recedendum.
From the words of the law there is no receding.
116
Ab alio expectes, alteri quod feceris.
Expect from others the same treatment that they receive from you.
117
Ab assuetis non fit injuria.
No injury is done by things long acquiesced in.
118
Abbreviationum ille numerus et sensus accipiendus est, ut concessio non sit inanis.
In abbreviations, that number and sense is to be taken by which the meaning is not rendered void.
119
Absentem accipere debemus eum qui non est eo loci in quo petitur.
We must call him absent who is not in that place in which he is sought.
120
Absentia ejus qui reipublicæ causa abest, neque ei neque alii damnosa esse debet.
The absence of him who is employed in the service of the State ought not to be prejudicial to him nor to others.
121
Absoluta sententia expositione non indiget.
An absolute sentence needs no exposition.
122
Absolutum dominium in omnibus licitis.
Absolute power in all things lawful.
123
Absurdum est affirmare (re judicata) credendum esse, non judici.
It is absurd to affirm that the record of judgment is to be relied upon, and not the judge.
124
Abundans cautela non nocet.
Abundant caution does no injury.
125
Accessorium non ducit, sed sequitur suum principale.
An accessory does not lead, but follows his principal.
126
Accessorium sequitur naturam rei cui accedit.
The incident follows the nature of the thing to which it is accessory.
127
Accessorius sequitur naturam sui principalis.
An accessory follows the nature of its principal.
128
Accipere quid ut justitiam facias, non est tam accipere quam extorquere.
To accept anything as a reward for doing justice, is not accepting but extorting.
129
Accusare nemo se debet, nisi coram Deo.
No one is bound to accuse himself, except before God.
130
Accusator post rationabile tempus non est audiendus, nisi se bene de omissione excusaverit.
An accuser should not be heard after a reasonable time has expired, unless he can account satisfactorily for the delay.
131
Acta exteriora indicant interiora secreta.
External actions show the secret intentions.
132
Actio casus apud nostrates ea est, qua ut inter bonos bene agere opporteat, et sine fraudatione.
In pleading a cause among our countrymen we should act fairly as becomes good men, and not defraud anyone.
133
Actio contra defunctum coepta continuatus in hæredes.
An action against a deceased person continues in the heirs.
134
Actio est jus prosequendi in judicio quod alicui debetur.
An action is the right of prosecuting to judgment that which is one's due.
135
Actio non datur non damnificato.
An action is not given to him who is not injured.
136
Actio non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea.
An action does not make one guilty, unless the intention be bad.
137
Actio pænalis in hæredem non datur, nisi forte ex damno locupletior hæres factus sit.
A penal action does not lie against the heir, unless indeed the heir is benefited from the wrong.
138
Actio personalis moritur cum persona.
A personal action dies with the person.
139
Actio quælibet in sua vita.
Every action proceeds in its own way.
140
Actiones compositæ sunt, quibus inter se homines disceptarent.
Actions are disposed by which men dispute among themselves, which actions are made definite and solemn, lest the people proceed as they think proper.
141
Actiones in personam, quæ adversus eum intenduntur, qui ex contractu vel delicto obligatus est aliquid dare vel concedere.
Personal actions are those which are brought against him who, from a contract or a tort, is obliged to give or allow something.
142
Actionum genera maxime sunt servanda.
The correct form of action should be followed.
143
Actionum quædam sunt in rem, quædam in personam, et quædam mixtæ.
Some actions are against the thing, others against the person, and others are mixed.
144
Actor qui contra regulam quid aduxit, non est audiendus.
A pleader should not be heard who advances a proposition contrary to rules of law.
145
Actor sequitur forum rei.
The plaintiff follows the forum of the thing in question.
146
Actore non probante reus absolvitur.
The defendant is absolved if the plaintiff does not prove his case.
147
Acts indicate the intention.
Acts indicate the intention.
148
Actori incumbit onus probandi.
The burden of proof lies with the plaintiff.
149
Actus curiæ neminem gravabit.
An act of the court injures no one.
150
Actus Dei nemini facit injuriam.
An act of God injures no one.
151
Actus inceptus, cujus perfectio pendet voluntate partium, revocari potest; si autem pendet ex voluntate tertiæ personæ, vel ex contingenti, revocari non potest.
An act already begun, the completion of which depends upon the parties, may be recalled; but, if it depend on the consent of a third person, or on a contingency, it cannot.
152
Actus judiciarius coram non judice irritus habetur; de ministeriali autem a quocunque provenit ratum esto.
A judicial act done in excess of authority is not binding; otherwise, if it be a ministerial act.
153
Actus legis nemini est damnosus.
An act of the law is prejudicial to no one.
154
Actus legis nemini facit injuriam.
An act of the law injures no one.
155
Actus legitimi non recipiunt modum.
Legitimate actions require no qualifications.
156
Actus me invito factus, non est meus actus.
An act done without my consent is not my act.
157
Actus non facit reum, nisi mens sit rea.
An act itself does not make one guilty, unless done with guilty intent.
158
Actus repugnum non potest in esse produci.
A repugnant act cannot be brought into being.
159
Actus servi in iis quibus opera ejus, cummunitur adhibita est, actus domini habetur.
The act of a servant in which he is usually employed is considered the act of his master.
160
Additio probat minoritatem.
An addition proves inferiority.
161
Ad ea quæ frequentius accidunt jura adaptantur.
Laws are adapted to cases which most frequently occur.
162
Adjournamentum est ad diem dicere seu diem dare.
An adjournment is to appoint a day or to give a day.
163
Admiralitas jurisdictionem non habet super iis quæ communi lege dirimuntur.
An admiralty court has no jurisdiction over those questions which are determined by the common law.
164
Ad officium justiciariorum spectat, unicuique coram eis placitanti justitiam exhibere.
It is the duty of justices to administer justice to everyone seeking it from them.
165
Ad proximum antecedens fiat relatio, nisi impediatur sententia.
The antecedent refers to the next relative unless it obstructs the sentence.
166
Ad quæstionem facti non respondent judices; ad quæstionem juris non respondent juratores.
To questions of fact judges do not answer; to questions of law the jury do not answer.
167
Ad quæstiones legis judices, et non juratores respondent.
Judges, and not juries, respond to questions of law.
168
Ad recte docendum oportet, primum inquirere nomina, quia rerum cognitio a nominibus rerum dependet.
In order rightly to comprehend a thing, inquire first into the names, for a right knowledge of things depends upon their names.
169
Ad tristem partem strenua est suspicio.
Suspicion rests strongly on the unfortunate side.
170
Adversus periculum naturalis ratio permittit se defendere.
Natural reason allows one to defend himself against danger.
171
Edificare in tuo proprio solo non licet quod alteri noceat.
It is not lawful to build upon your own land so as to injure that of others.
172
Ædificatum solo, solo cedit.
That which is built upon the land goes with the land.
173
Ædificia solo cedunt.
Buildings pass with a grant of land.
174
Æquitas agit in personam.
Equity acts upon the person.
175
Æquitas casibus medetur.
Equity relieves against accidents.
176
Equitas defectus supplet.
Equity supplies defects.
177
Æquitas erroribus medetur.
Equity remedies errors.
178
Æquitas est correctio legis generaliter latæ, qua parte deficit.
Equity is the correction of law when too general, in the part in which it is defective.
179
Æquitas est correctio quædam legi adhibita, quia ab ea abest aliquid propter generalem sine exceptione comprehensionem.
Equity is a certain correction applied to law, because on account of its general comprehensiveness, without an exception, something is absent from it.
180
Æquitas est perfecta quædam ratio quæ jus scriptum interpretatur et emendat; nulla scriptura comprehensa, sed sola ratione consistens.
Equity is a kind of perfect reason which interprets and amends the written law; comprehended in no code, but consistent with reason alone.
181
Æquitas est quasi equalitas.
Equity is as it were equality.
182
Æquitas ex lege generaliter lata aliquid excipit.
Equity admits an exception from a generally enacted law.
183
æquitas ignorantiæ opitulatur, oscitantiæ non item.
Equity assists ignorance, but not carelessness.
184
Æquitas in eum qui vult summo jure agere, summum jus intendit.
Equity strains the utmost point of law toward the person who wishes to act according to the strictness of the law.
185
Æquitas in paribus causis paria jura desiderat.
Equity in like cases requires like laws.
186
Æquitas jurisdictione non confundit.
Jurisdiction is not confounded by equity.
187
Equitas liberationi et seizinæ favet.
Equity favors deliverance and seisin.
188
Æquitas naturam rei non mutat.
Equity changes not the manner of things.
189
Æquitas neminem juvat cum injuria alterius.
Equity assists no person to the injury of another.
190
Æquitas nil statuit, nisi in partes.
Equity determines nothing except toward the parties.
191
Æquitas nomine pænæ constitutis remedium ex æquo et bono præstat.
Equity constitutes a remedy to things which have been appointed, under the name of punishment, agreeable to what is just and good.
192
Æquitas non facit jus, sed juri auxiliatur.
Equity does not make law, but assists law.
193
Æquitas non medetur defectu eorum quæ jure positivo requisita alium.
Equity does not supply the defects of those things which are required by positive law.
194
Æquitas non sinit ut eandem rem duplici via simul quis persequatur.
Equity will not allow a double satisfaction to be given.
195
Equitas non supplet ea quæ in manu orantis esse possunt.
Equity does not supply those things which are within the applicant's grasp.
196
Æquitas non tenetur adjuvare, ubi non est nodus dignus vindice.
Equity will not assist unless the occasion renders it necessary.
197
Æquitas non vaga atque incerta est, sed terminos habet atque limites præfinitas.
Equity is not vague and uncertain, but has determined boundaries and limits.
198
Æquitas non vult res novas atque inusitatas inducere.
Equity does not incline to introduce new and unusual things.
199
Æquitas nunquam contravenit legis.
Equity never contradicts the law.
200
Æquitas nunquam liti ancillatur ubi remedium potest dare.
Equity is not the handmaid of strife when she can give a remedy.
201
Æquitas opitulatur ubi pensationi damni locus est.
Equity assists when there is room for a compensation of a loss.
202
Æquitas pars legis Angliæ.
Equity is a part of the English law.
203
Æquitas rei oppignoratæ redemptionibus favet.
Equity favors the redemption of a thing in pawn.
204
Equitas rem ipsam intuetur de forma et circumstantiis minus anxia.
Equity does not regard the form and circumstance, but rather the substance of the act.
205
Æquitas sequitur legem.
Equity follows the law.
206
Equitas supervacua odit.
Equity abhors superfluous things.
207
Equitas uxoribus, liberis, creditoribus maxime favet.
Equity favors wives, children, and creditors.
208
Æquitas veritatis filia, bonitatis et justitiæ soror.
Equity is the daughter of truth, and the sister of goodness and justice.
209
Æquitas vult omnibus modis ad veritatem pervenire.
Equity desires by all means to arrive at the truth.
210
Æquitas vult spoliatos, vel deceptos, vel lapsos ante omnia restitui.
Equity desires the spoiled, the deceived, and the ruined, above all things, to have restitution.
211
Æquum et bonum, est lex legum.
What is just and right is the law of laws.
212
Ær, lux, aqua profluens, feræ nulli propria, omnibus communia.
Air, light, running water, and wild beasts, are the property of none, but are common to all.
213
Æs debitorem leve; graviorem inimicum facit.
A small debt makes a debtor; a large one an enemy.
214
Estimatio præteriti delicti ex postremo facto nunquam crescit.
The estimation of a committed crime never increases by a subsequent fact.
215
Affectio tua nomen imponit operi tuo.
Your motive gives a name to your act.
216
Affectus punitur licet non sequatur effectus.
The intention should be punished, although the consequence do not follow.
217
Affines mei affinis non est mihi affinis.
A connection of my connection is not a connection of mine.
218
Affinitas dicitur, cum duæ cognationes, inter se divisæ, per nuptias copulantur, et altera ad alterius fines accedit.
It is called affinity when two families, divided from one another, are united by marriage, and one of them approaches the confines of another.
219
Affirmanti, non neganti, incumbit probatio.
He who affirms, not he who denies, must bear the burden of proof.
220
Affirmantis est probatio.
He who affirms must prove.
221
Affirmativum negativum implicat.
An affirmative implies a negative.
222
Agentes et consentientes, pari pena plectentur.
Parties both acting and consenting, are liable to the same punishment.
223
Agri ab universis per vices occupantur; arva per annos mutant.
Commons are used by all in turn; arable lands change with years.
224
Alea et ganea res turpissimæ.
The dice and brothel are infamous things.
225
Alienatio rei præfertur juri accrescendi.
Alienation is favored by the law rather than accumulation.
226
Alienation pending a suit is void.
Alienation pending a suit is void.
227
Aliquis non debet esse judex in propria causa, quia non potest esse judex et pars.
A person ought not to be judge in his own cause, because he cannot be both a party and a judge.
228
Aliud est celare, aliud tacere.
To conceal is one thing; to be silent another.
229
Aliud est distinctio, aliud separatio.
Distinction is one thing, separation another.
230
Aliud est possidere, aliud esse in possessione.
It is one thing to possess, another to be in possession.
231
Aliud est vendere, aliud vendenti consentire.
To sell is one thing; to give consent to him who sells is another.
232
Allegans contraria non est audiendus.
He who alleges contradictory things is not to be heard.
233
Allegans suam turpitudinem non est audiendus.
One alleging his own infamy is not to be heard.
234
Allegari non debuit quod probatum non relevat.
That ought not to be alleged which, if proved, would not be relevant.
235
Alterius circumventio alii non præbet actionem.
A deception practiced upon one person does not give a cause of action to another.
236
Alternativa petitio non est audienda.
An alternative petition is not to be heard.
237
A man cannot qualify his own act.
A man cannot qualify his own act.
238
Ambigua responsio contra proferentem est accipienda.
An ambiguous answer shall be construed against him who offers it.
239
Ambiguis casibus semper præsumitur pro rege.
The presumption, in doubtful cases, always favors the king.
240
Ambiguitas verborum latens, verificatione suppletur.
Latent ambiguity may be supplied by evidence; for ambiguity arising upon the deed is removed by proof of the deed.
241
Ambiguitas verborum patens nulla verificatione excluditur.
The evident ambiguity of words is excluded by verification.
242
Ambiguum pactum contra venditorem interpretandum est.
Ambiguous agreements are to be interpreted against the seller.
243
Ambiguum placitum interpretari debet contra proferentem.
An ambiguous pleading should be interpreted against the party offering it.
244
Ambulatoria est voluntas defuncti usque ad vitæ supremum exitum.
The will of a decedent is ambulatory up to his last moments of life.
245
Amici consilia credenda.
The advice of a friend should be regarded.
246
Angliæ jura in omni casu libertati dant favorem.
The laws of England are favorable in every case to liberty.
247
Animimotum vultus deteget.
The countenance is the index of the mind.
248
Animus ad se omne jus ducit.
It is to the intention that all law applies.
249
Animus hominis est anima scripti.
The intention of the man is the soul of the instrument.
250
Animus non deponendus ob iniquum judicium.
The mind should not be cast down because of an unjust judgment.
251
An intendment of the parties shall be ordered according to law.
An intendment of the parties shall be ordered according to law.
252
Annua nec debitum judex non separat ipsum.
Even the judge divides not annuities or debt.
253
Annus inceptus pro completo habetur.
A year begun is held as completed.
254
Apices juris non sunt jura.
Legal subtleties are not rights.
255
Applicatio est vita regulæ.
Application is the life of a rule.
256
Aqua cedit solo.
Water goes with the land. A grant of land carries the water upon it.
257
Aqua currit, et debet currere, ut currere solebat.
Water runs, and should run, as it has used to run.
258
Arbitrimentum æquum tribuit cuique suum.
A just arbitration renders to every one his own.
259
Arbitrio domini res æstimari debet.
The owner of a thing should fix his price upon it.
260
Arbitrium est judicium.
An award is a judgment.
261
Arbitrium est judicium boni viri, secundum æquum et bonum.
An award is the judgment of a good man, according to goodness and justice.
262
Arbor dum crescit; lignum dum crescere nescit.
A tree is so called whilst growing, but wood when it ceases to grow.
263
Argumentum a divisione est fortissimum in jure.
An argument from division is of the greatest force in law.
264
Argumentum a majori ad minus negative non valet; valet e converso.
An argument from the greater to the less is of no force negatively; affirmatively it is.
265
Argumentum a simili valet in lege.
An argument from a like case avails in law.
266
Argumentum ab authoritate est fortissimum in lege.
An argument from authority is very strong in law.
267
Argumentum ab impossibili plurimum valet in lege.
An argument deduced from an impossibility is of great weight in law.
268
Argumentum ab inconvenienti plurimum valet in lege.
An argument from inconvenience avails much in law.
269
Arma in armatos sumere jura sinunt.
The laws permit the taking arms against the armed.
270
Assignatus utitur jure auctoris.
An assignee acquires the rights of the assignor.
271
Audi alteram partem.
Hear the other side.
272
Auctoritates philosophorum, medicorum, et poetarum, sunt in causis allegandæ et tenendæ.
The opinions of philosophers, physicians, and poets, are to be received and alleged in causes.
273
Aucupia verborum sunt judice indigna.
A twisting of language is unworthy of a judge.
274
Augusta legibus soluta non est.
The wife of the king is not exempted from the laws.
275
Authority to execute a deed must be given by deed.
Authority to execute a deed must be given by deed.
276
Baratriam committit qui propter pecuniam justitiam baractat.
He is guilty of barratry who for money barters justice.
277
Bastardus non potest habere hæredem nisi de corpore suo legitime procreatum.
A bastard can have no heir unless it be one lawfully begotten of his own body.
278
Beatus qui leges juraque servat.
Blessed is the man who obeys the laws and ordinances.
279
Bello parta cedunt reipublicæ.
Things acquired in war go to the state.
280
Benedicta est expositio, quando res redimitur a destructione.
Blessed is the exposition by which anything is saved from destruction.
281
Beneficium non datur nisi officii causa.
A benefice is not given except for a service performed.
282
Beneficium non datum nisi propter officium.
A remuneration is not given unless on account of a duty performed.
283
Beneficium principis debet esse mansurum.
The benefit of a prince should be lasting.
284
Benigne faciendæ sunt interpretationes chartarum, ut res magis valeat quam pereat.
Liberal interpretations are to be made of deeds, to the end that more may stand than perish.
285
Benigne faciendæ sunt interpretationes, propter simplicitatem laicorum, ut res magis valeat quam pereat.
Liberal construction is to be made of written instruments, on account of the simplicity of the laity.
286
Benignior sententia in verbis generalibus seu dubiis est præferenda.
The more favorable construction is to be placed on general or doubtful expressions.
287
Benignius leges interpretandæ sunt quo voluntas earum conservetur.
Laws should be so favorably interpreted that their intentions may be preserved.
288
Bis dat qui cito dat.
He gives twice who gives quickly.
289
Bis idem exigi bona fides non patitur.
Good faith does not permit the same thing to be exacted twice.
290
Bona fide possessor facit fructus perceptos et consumptus suos.
By good faith a possessor makes the goods which he has gathered and consumed his own.
291
Bona fides exigit ut quod convenit fiat.
Good faith demands that what is agreed upon shall be done.
292
Bona fides non patitur ut bis idem exigatur.
Good faith does not allow satisfaction to be exacted twice for the same thing.
293
Bonæ fidei possessor, in id tantum quod ad se pervenerit tenetur.
A possessor in good faith is only bound for that which he himself has obtained.
294
Bonæ fidei venditorem, nec commodorum spem augere nec incommodorum conditionem obscurare oportet.
An honest vendor should neither conceal his anticipated profits, nor the disadvantageous condition of his goods.
295
Boni judicis est ampliare jurisdictionem.
A good judge will amplify his jurisdiction.
296
Boni judicis est causas litium dirimere.
It is the duty of a good judge to determine the course of litigations.
297
Boni judicis est judicium sine dilatione mandare executioni.
It is the duty of a good judge to order judgment to be executed without delay.
298
Boni judicis est lites dirimere.
It is the duty of a good judge to prevent litigations.
299
Bonitas tota æstimabitur cum pars evincitur.
The goodness of the whole may be estimated when the condition of a part of a thing is proved.
300
Bonum defendentis ex integra causa, malum ex quolibet defectu.
The good of a defendant arises from a perfect case, his harm from some defect.
301
Bonum necessarium extra terminos necessitatis non est bonum.
Necessary good is not good beyond the bounds of necessity.
302
Bonus judex secundum æquum et bonum judicat, et æquitatem stricto juri præfert.
A good judge decides according to justice and right, and prefers equity to strict law.
303
Breve judiciale debet sequi suum originale, et accessorium suum principale.
A judicial writ ought to follow its original, and an accessory its principal.
304
Breve judiciale non cadit pro defectu formæ.
A judicial writ fails not through defect of form.
305
Brevia, tam originalia quam judicialia, patiuntur Anglica nomina.
Both original and judicial writs bear English names.
306
By an acquittance for the last payment, all other arrearages are discharged.
By an acquittance for the last payment, all other arrearages are discharged.
307
Carcer ad homines custodiendos, non ad puniendos dari debet.
A prison should be assigned to the custody, not the punishment of persons.
308
Caret periculo, qui etiam tutus, cavit.
He is the most secure, who when safe, is on his guard.
309
Casus fortuitus non est sperandus, et nemo tenetur divinare.
A fortuitous event is not to be foreseen; and no person is understood to divine.
310
Casus omissus et oblivioni datus, dispositioni juris communis relinquitur.
A case omitted and given to oblivion is left to the disposal of the common law.
311
Casus omissus habetur pro amisso.
An omitted case is deemed as lost.
312
Catalla juste possessa amitti non pose sunt.
Chattels justly possessed cannot be lost.
313
Catalla reputantur inter minima in lege.
Chattels are considered in law among the minor things.
314
Causa causæ est causa causati.
The cause of a cause is the cause of the effect.
315
Causæ dotis, vitæ, libertatis, fisci, sunt inter favorabilia in lege.
Causes of dower, life, liberty, revenue, are among the favorable things in law.
316
Causæ ecclesiæ publicis causis æquiparantur; et summa ratio est quæ pro religione facit.
The cause of the Church is equal to public causes; and for the best of reasons, it is the cause of religion.
317
Causa et origo est materia negotii.
The cause and origin is the material of the thing.
318
Causa proxima, non remota, spectatur.
The near, and not the remote cause, is to be considered.
319
Causa publica vicarium non recipit.
A public cause admits no substitute.
320
Causa vaga et incerta non est causa rationabilis.
A vague and uncertain cause is not a rational one.
321
Cautionis in re plus est quam in persona.
There is more security in a thing than in a person.
322
Caveat emptor; qui ignorare non debuit quod jus alienum emit.
Let the purchaser beware; no one in ignorance should buy that which is the right of a third party.
323
Caveat venditor.
Let the seller beware.
324
Caveat viator.
Let the traveler beware.
325
Certa debet esse intentio, et narratio, et certum fundamentum, et certa res quæ deducitur in judicium.
The intention ought to be certain, and the count and foundation, and the thing which is brought to judgment.
326
Certa res oportet in judicium deducantur.
It is often necessary to bring into court for trial a thing which is certain.
327
Certum est quod certum reddi potest.
That is certain which can be made certain.
328
Cessa regnare, si non vis judicare.
Cease to reign, if you do not wish to adjudicate.
329
Cessante causa, cessat effectus.
When the cause ceases, the effect also ceases.
330
Cessante primitivo, cessat derivativus.
The primitive ceasing, the derivative also ceases.
331
Cessante ratione legis, cessat ipse lex.
The reason of the law ceasing, the law itself ceases.
332
Cessante statu primitivo, cessat derivativus.
The original estate ceasing, the derivative ceases.
333
C'est le crime qui fait la honte, et non pas l'échafaud.
It is the crime which makes the shame, and not the scaffold.
334
Cestuy, que doit inheriter al pere, doit inheriter al fils.
He who would have been heir to the father of the deceased shall also be the heir of the son.
335
Chacea est ad communem legem.
A chace is by common law.
336
Charta de non ente non valet.
A charter concerning a thing not in existence avails not.
337
Charta est legatus mentis.
A charter is the legate of the mind.
338
Charta non est nisi vestimentum donationis.
A charter is nothing else than the vestment of a gift.
339
Charters sont appelle 'muniments' a Simuniendo, quia muniunt et defendunt hæreditatem.
Charters are called 'muniments' because they fortify and defend the inheritance.
340
Chirographum apud debitorem repertum præsumitur solutum.
A deed or bond found with the debtor is presumed to be paid.
341
Circuitus est evitandus; et boni judicis est lites dirimere, ne lis ex lite oritur.
Circuity is to be avoided.
342
Civitas ea autem in libertate est posita quæ suis stat viribus, non ex alieno arbitrio pendet.
That state alone is free which depends upon its own strength.
343
Civitas et urbs in hoc differunt, quod incolæ dicuntur civitas, urbs vero complectitur ædificia.
A city and town differ in this, that the inhabitants are called the city, but town includes the buildings.
344
Clam delinquens magis punitur quam palam.
Those who sin secretly are punished more severely than those who sin openly.
345
Communiter unum officium est excusatio alterius.
The performing of one duty excuses the non-performance of another.
346
Compendia sunt dispendia.
Abridgments are hindrances.
347
Compromissarii sunt judicis.
Arbitrators are judges.
348
Compromissum ad similitudinem judicionum redigitur.
A compromise is brought into relation with judgments.
349
Conatus quid sit non definitur in lege.
What an endeavor may be, is not defined in law.
350
Concessio per regem fieri debet de certitudine.
A grant by the king ought to be made from certainty.
351
Concessio versus concedentem latam interpretationem habere debet.
A concession ought to have a liberal interpretation against the party conceding.
352
Concordare leges legibus est optimus interpretandi modus.
To make laws agree with laws is the best mode of interpreting them.
353
Concordia parvæ res crescunt, et opulentia lites.
Small means increase by concord and litigations by opulence.
354
Conditio beneficialis quæ statum construit, benigne secundum verborum intentionem est interpretanda.
A beneficial condition which creates an estate ought to be construed favorably.
355
Conditio dicitur, cum quid in casum incertum confertur.
It is called a condition, when that which can tend to be present or not, refers to an uncertain event.
356
Conditio illicita habetur pro non adjecta.
A secret condition is deemed as not annexed.
357
Conditio ad liberum tenentum auferendum non nisi ex facto placitari debet.
An argument for taking away a free tenure should not be pleaded, except from the deed.
358
Conditio liberum tenementum cassans non per nuda verba sine charta valebit.
A condition making void a free tenement will be of no value by bare words without writing.
359
Conditio neminem juvabit nisi qui pars fuerit aut privus.
An agreement avails no one unless he is a party or privy to it.
360
Conditio ex parte extincta ex toto extinguitur.
A condition extinguished in part is totally extinguished.
361
Conditio præcendens adimpleri debet priusquam sequatur effectus.
A condition precedent must be fulfilled before the effect can follow.
362
Conditionem testium tunc inspicere debemus cum signarent, non mortis tempore.
The condition of witnesses must be considered when they sign, and not when they die.
363
Conditiones quælibet odiosæ; maxime autem contra matrimonium et commercium.
Some agreements are odious, but mostly those against matrimony and commerce.
364
Confessio, facta in judicio, omni probatione major est.
A confession made in judicial proceedings is of greater force than all proof.
365
Confessus in judicio pro judicato habetur, et quodammodo suo sententia damnatur.
A person confessing a judgment is deemed as adjudged, and is condemned by his own sentence.
366
Confirmare est id quod firmum facere prius infirmum fuit.
To confirm is to make firm that which was before infirm.
367
Confirmare nemo potest priusquam jus ei acciderit.
No person can confirm a right before the right shall come to him.
368
Confirmat usum qui tollit abusum.
He confirms a use who removes an abuse.
369
Confirmatio est nulla ubi donum præcedens est invalidum.
There is no confirmation where the preceding gift is invalid.
370
Confirmatio omnes supplet defectus, licet id quod actum est ab initio non valuit.
Confirmation supplies all defects, though that which has been done at the beginning was not valid.
371
Conjunctio mariti et feminæ est de jure naturæ.
The union of man and woman is of the law of nature.
372
Consanguineus est, quasi eadem sanguine natus.
Consanguinity is, as it were, sprung from the same blood.
373
Conscientia legalis ex lege fundatur.
Legal conscience is founded upon the law.
374
Conscientia legi nunquam contravenit.
Conscience never contravenes the law.
375
Consensus est voluntas multorum, ad quos res pertinet, simul juncta.
Consent is the united will of many persons interested in the same thing.
376
Consensus facit legem.
Consent constitutes law.
377
Consensus, non concubitus, facit matrimonium.
Consent, and not concubinage, constitutes marriage.
378
Consensus tollit errorem.
Consent takes away error.
379
Consentientes et agentes pari poena plectentur.
Those consenting and those perpetrating are embraced in the same punishment.
380
Consentire est facere.
To consent to a thing is to perform it.
381
Consentire matrimonio non possunt infra annos nubiles.
To consent to marriage is not possible before marriageable years.
382
Consequentiæ non est consequentia.
A consequence should not be deduced from a consequence.
383
Consilia multorum requiruntur in magnis.
The counsels of many are required in great things.
384
Constitutiones tempore posteriores sunt his quæ ipsas præcesserunt.
The later provisions in a statute should prevail even though they fail to agree with the form.
385
Constitutum esse eam domum unicuique nostrum debere existimari, ubi quisque sedes et tabulas haberet.
A home is where one establishes residence and business.
386
Constructio ad principia refertur rei.
Construction is referred to the principles of a thing.
387
Constructio est secundum æquitatem.
Construction is according to equity.
388
Constructio legis non facit injuriam.
The construction of law does not work any injury.
389
Consuetudo alicujus loci lex est legis loci.
The custom of any place is the law of that place.
390
Consuetudo semel reprobata non potest amplius induci.
Custom once disallowed cannot be again alleged.
391
Consuetudo vincit communem legem.
Custom overrules the common law.
392
Consuetudo volentes ducit, lex nolentes trahit.
Custom leads the willing, law compels the unwilling.
393
Contemporanea consuetudo optimus interpres.
Contemporary custom is the best interpreter.
394
Contemporanea expositio est optima et fortissima in lege.
A contemporaneous exposition is the best and most powerful in the law.
395
Contestatio litis eget terminos contradictarios.
Joinder of issue in a lawsuit requires contradictory terms.
396
Contra fictionem non admittitur probatio.
Against fiction proof is not to be admitted.
397
Contra legem facit qui id facit quod lex prohibet.
He does contrary to the law who does what the law prohibits.
398
Contra negantem principia non est disputandum.
Against one denying principles there is no disputing.
399
Contra non valentem agere nulla currit præscriptio.
Against one unable to act runs no prescription.
400
Contra veritatem lex nunquam aliquid permittit.
The law never permits anything contrary to truth.
401
Contractus ad mentem partium verbis notatam intelligendus.
A contract should be understood according to the intention of the parties, expressed in words.
402
Contractus est quasi actus contra actum.
A contract is, as it were, act against act.
403
Contractus ex turpi causa, vel contra bonos mores nullus est.
A contract with a base consideration or against good morals is null.
404
Contractus infantis invalidus, si in damnum sui spectet.
A contract of a minor is invalid if it leads to his injury.
405
Contractus legem ex conventione accipiunt.
The agreement of the parties makes the law of the contract.
406
Contrariorum contraria est ratio.
The reason of contrary things is contrary.
407
Contraxisse unusquisquem in eo loco intelligitur in quo ut solveret se obligavit.
Every person is understood to have contracted in that place in which he has bound himself to pay.
408
Contrectatio rei alienæ, animo furandi, est furtum.
The touching of property not one's own, with intention to steal, is theft.
409
Conventio privatorum non potest publico juri derogare.
A convention of private persons cannot affect public right.
410
Conventio vincit legem.
An agreement conquers law.
411
Convicia si irascaris, tua divulgas; spreta, exolescunt.
If you be angered by insults, you publish them; if despised, they are forgotten.
412
Convitium convitio tegere, est lutum luto porrigere.
To cover reproach with reproach, is to heap mud upon mud.
413
Copulatio verborum indicat acceptationem in eodem sensu.
The coupling of words shows that they are to be taken in the same sense.
414
Corporalis injuria non recipit æstimationem de futuro.
A bodily injury receives no satisfaction from a future course of proceeding.
415
Corpus corporatum ex uno potest consistere.
An incorporated body may consist of one person.
416
Corpus corporatum non habet hæredes neque executores; neque mori potest.
An incorporated body has no heirs nor executors, nor can it die.
417
Corpus humanum non recipit æstimationem.
A human body is not susceptible of appraisement.
418
Corruptio optimi est pessima.
Corruption of the best is worst.
419
Creditor qui permittit rem venire pignus dimittit.
A creditor who permits property to be sold gives up the pledge.
420
Crescente malitia crescere debet et pæna.
Vice increasing, punishment ought also to increase.
421
Crimen ex post facto non diluitur.
A crime cannot be expiated by after deeds.
422
Crimen falsi dicitur, cum quis illicitur, cui non fuerit ad hæc data auctoritas, de sigillo regis rapto vel invento brevia, cartasve consignaverit.
The crime of forgery is when any one unlawfully, to whom power has not been given for such purposes, has signed writs or charters with the king's seal, which he has either stolen or found.
423
Crimen læsæ majestatis omnia alia crimina excedit quoad poenam.
The crime of treason exceeds all other crimes as to its punishment.
424
Crimen omnia ex se nata vitiat.
Crime vitiates all things which spring from it.
425
Crimina morte extinguuntur.
Crimes are extinguished by death.
426
Cruciatus legibus invisi.
Tortures are odious to the law.
427
Cui jurisdictio data est, ea quoque concessa esse videntur sine quibus jurisdictio explicari non potest.
To whom jurisdiction is given, to him those things also are granted, without which the jurisdiction cannot be exercised.
428
Cui licet quod majus, non debet quod minus est non licere.
He who has authority to do the more important act shall not be debarred from doing that of less importance.
429
Cui pater est populus non habet ille patrem.
He to whom the people is father, has no father.
430
Cui plus licet quam par est, plus vult quam licet.
He to whom more is granted than is just, wants more than is granted.
431
Cuicunque aliquis quid concedit, concedere videtur et id sine quo res ipsa esse non potuit.
The grantor of anything to another, grants that also without which the thing granted would be useless.
432
Cujus est commodum, ejus debet esse incommodum.
Whose is the advantage, his also should be the disadvantage.
433
Cujus est dare, ejus est disponere.
Whose is to give, his is to dispose.
434
Cujus est divisio, alterius est electio.
Whichever has the division, the other has the choice.
435
Cujus est donandi eidem et vendendi et concedendi jus est.
Whose it is to give, his is also the right to sell and grant.
436
Cujus est instituere ejus est abrogare.
Whose it is to institute, his it is to abrogate.
437
Cujus est solum, ejus est usque ad colum; et ad inferos.
Whose is the land, his is also that which is above and below it.
438
Cujus juris est principale, ejusdem juris erit accessorium.
He who has jurisdiction of the principal, has also jurisdiction of the accessory.
439
Cujus per errorem dati repetitio est, ejus consulto dati, donatio est.
That which, when given through mistake, can be recovered back, when given with knowledge of the facts, becomes a gift.
440
Cujusque rei potissima pars principium est.
Of everything the chief part is the beginning.
441
Cuilibet in sua arte perito est credendum.
Whosoever is skilled in his profession is to be believed.
442
Culpa caret, qui scit sed prohibere non potest.
He is free from blame, who knows but cannot prevent.
443
Culpa est immiscere se rei ad se non pertinenti.
It is a fault to meddle with what does not belong to you.
444
Culpa lata dolo æquiparatur.
Gross negligence is equivalent to fraud.
445
Culpæ poena par esto.
Let the punishment be measured by the extent of the crime.
446
Culpa tenet suos auctores.
A fault binds its own authors.
447
Culpa vel pæna ex æquitate non intenditur.
Blame or punishment does not proceed from equity.
448
Cum actio fuerit mere criminalis institui poterit ab initio criminaliter vel civiliter.
When an action is only criminal, it may be established from the beginning either criminally or civilly.
449
Cum adsunt testimonia rerum, quid opus est verbis.
Where the proofs of facts are present, what need is there of words?
450
Cum confitente sponte mitius est agendum.
One confessing willingly should be gently dealt with.
451
Cum de lucro duorum quæritur, melior est causa possidentis.
When there is a question of gain between two, the cause of the possessor is the better.
452
Cum duo inter se pugnantia reperiuntur in testamento, ultimum ratum est.
Where two clauses in a will are repugnant, the last in order shall prevail.
453
Cum in testamento ambigue aut etiam perperam scriptum, est benigne interpretari.
Where ambiguities occur in a will, they should be liberally interpreted.
454
Cum legitimæ nuptiæ factæ sunt, patrem liberi sequuntur.
Children born of a legitimate marriage follow the condition of the father.
455
Cum par delictum est duorum, semper oneratur petitor.
Where two claimants are at fault, the condition of the one in possession is the best.
456
Cum principalis causa non consistit, ne ea quidem quæ sequuntur locum habent.
Where the principal cause is not consistent, the things which follow have no place.
457
Curatus non habet titulum.
A curate has no title.
