VOCAB Flashcards
(96 cards)
1
Q
P
A
Pulse
2
Q
PACU
A
post anesthesia care unit
3
Q
p.c.
A
after meals
4
Q
PCO2
A
partial pressure of carbon dioxide, arterial
5
Q
PE
A
Physical exam, pulmonary embolus
6
Q
PERRLA
A
pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
7
Q
PEG
A
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
8
Q
per
A
through, by
9
Q
Periph.
A
peripheral
10
Q
pH
A
used to express acidity and alkalinity
11
Q
PI
A
present illness
12
Q
PICC
A
peripherally inserted central catheter
13
Q
PID
A
pelvic inflammatory disease
14
Q
PIV
A
peripheral IV
15
Q
PLT
A
platelet
16
Q
p.m.
A
evening
17
Q
PMH
A
past medical history
18
Q
PND
A
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
19
Q
po
A
by mouth (per os)
20
Q
PO2
A
partial pressure of oxygen, arterial
21
Q
POC
A
point of care
22
Q
POD
A
post-op day
23
Q
pos/+
A
positive
24
Q
Post.
A
posterior
25
ppd
packs per day
26
PPN
peripheral parenteral nutrition
27
PPV
pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
28
PR
per rectum
29
prn
when required
30
PROM
passive range of motion
31
Pro time
prothrombin time
32
PT
physical therapy
33
pt
patient
34
PTT
partial prothrombin time
35
PVR
peripheral vascular resistance
36
PWB
partial weight bearing
37
Mobility
ability to move about freely, easily, and purposefully in the environment
38
Range of Motion
the maximum degree of movement possible for each joint
39
Activity tolerance
ability to move about freely, easily, and purposefully in the environment
40
Osteoporosis
Depletion of calcium in bones, which gives the bones strength and density
41
Paresis
slight or incomplete paralysis
42
Spastic
describing the sudden, prolonged involuntary muscle contractions of clients with damage to the central nervous system
43
Flaccid
weak or lax
44
Atrophy
Decreased in size within muscles. Leading to lost strength and normal function
45
Contracture
permanent shortening of a muscle
46
Valsava maneuver
refers to holding the breath and straining against a closed glottis. Such as holding the breath when moving up in bed.
47
Thrombus
a solid mass of blood constituents in the circulatory system; a clot (plural: thrombi )
48
Embolus
a blood clot (or a substance such as air) that has moved from its place of origin and is causing obstruction to circulation elsewhere (plural: emboli )
49
Urinary Stasis
stagnation of urinary flow
50
Renal calculi
Kidney stones
51
Lordosis
an exaggerated concavity in the lumbar region of the vertebral column
52
Gait
the way a person walks
53
Crepitation
(1) a dry, crackling sound like that of crumpled cellophane, produced by air in the subcutaneous tissue or by air moving through fluid in the alveoli of the lungs; (2) a crackling, grating sound produced by bone rubbing against bone
54
Body mechanics
Using body maneuvers to lift and accomplish tasks.
55
Fowler's position
a semi-sitting position in which the head of the bed is raised to an angle between 45 and 60 degrees, typically at 45 degrees
56
Semi-fowler's position
a bed-sitting position in which the head of the bed is raised 15 to 45 degrees, typically at a 30-degree angle
57
High fowler's position
a bed-sitting position in which the head of the
| bed is elevated 60 to 90 degrees
58
Suspine position
laying flat, facing up
59
Prone position
position in which a client lies on his or her abdomen with the head turned to one side
60
Lateral position
position in which a person lies on one side of the body
61
Tripod position
the proper standing position with crutches; crutches are placed about 15 cm (6 in.) in front of the feet and out laterally about 15 cm (6 in.), creating a wide base of support
62
Log rolling
a technique used to turn a client whose body must at all times be kept in straight alignment
63
Circadian rhythm
physical, mental and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, responding primarily to light and darkness in an organism's environment.
64
NREM sleep
a deep restful sleep rate; also called slow wave sleep. (Non-rem sleep)
65
REM sleep
sleep during which the person experiences rapid eye movements
66
Sundown syndrome
Sundown syndrome is a term that describes the onset of confusion and agitation that generally affects people with dementia or cognitive impairment and usually strikes around sunset. Many people, though, use the term to loosely describe increased agitation and confusion that can occur anytime but may be more noticeable in the late afternoon or early evening.
67
Insomnia
inability to obtain a sufficient quality or quantity of sleep
68
Hypersomnia
excessive sleep
69
Narcolepsy
an uncontrollable desire for sleep or attacks of sleep during the day
70
Sleep apnea
periodic cessation of breathing during sleep
71
Parasomnia
a cluster or pattern of waking behavior that appears during sleep, such as somnambulism (sleepwalking), sleeptalking, and enuresis (bed-wetting)
72
Sugars
Carbohydrates, main source of body energy.
73
Starches
Polysaccharide, containing chains of glucose molecules.
74
Fiber
Soluble: absorbs water and lower LDL and Cholesterol. Slow GI tract
Insoluble: aids peristalsis and relieve constipation.
75
Glycogen
How animals store excess Glucose, in the liver
76
Complete proteins
a protein that contains all of the essential amino acids as well as many nonessential ones
77
Incomplete proteins
protein that lacks one or more essential amino acids; usually derived from vegetables
78
Lipids
organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or ether
79
Fatty acids
the basic structural units of most lipids made up of carbon chains and hydrogen
80
Cholesterol
a lipid that does not contain fatty acid but possesses many of the chemical and physical properties of other lipids
81
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, and K vitamins that the body can store
82
Minerals
a substance found in organic compounds, as inorganic compounds and as free ions
83
Basal metabolic rate
the rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain essential activities such as breathing
84
Resting energy expenditure
the amount of energy required to maintain basic body functions
85
ideal body weight
the optimal weight recommended for optimal health
86
body mass index
indicates whether weight is appropriate for height
87
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
88
anemia
a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells or hemoglobin
89
Anorexia nervosa
a disease characterized by a prolonged inability or refusal to eat, rapid weight loss, and emaciation in persons who continue to believe they are fat
90
bulimia
an uncontrollable compulsion to eat large amounts of food and then expel it by self-induced vomiting or by taking laxatives
91
Overweight
a BMI of 26-30 kg/m2
92
obese
when body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2
93
enteral nutrition
through the gastrointestinal system. Tube feeding where the patient has food pumped into their GI.
94
Nasogastric tube
a tube inserted by way of the nasopharynx or the oropharynx; it is placed into the stomach for the temporary purpose of feeding the client or to remove gastric secretions
95
Gastrostomy tube
a tube that is surgically placed directly into the client's stomach and provides another route for administering nutrition and medications
96
jejunostomy tube
a tube that is placed surgically or by laparoscopy through the abdominal wall into the jejunum for long-term nutritional support
